Mercurial > hg > nginx-site
annotate xml/ru/linux_packages.xml @ 2324:3cf6a0cbec12
Added intra-page anchors and table of contents.
author | Konstantin Pavlov <thresh@videolan.org> |
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date | Wed, 30 Jan 2019 13:04:53 +0300 |
parents | eaef8f4ca921 |
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1 <!-- |
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2 Copyright (C) Nginx, Inc. |
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3 --> |
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4 |
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5 <!DOCTYPE article SYSTEM "../../dtd/article.dtd"> |
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6 |
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7 <article name="nginx: пакеты для Linux" |
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8 link="/ru/linux_packages.html" |
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9 lang="ru" |
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10 rev="33"> |
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11 |
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12 <section name="Поддерживаемые дистрибутивы и версии" id="distributions"> |
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13 |
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14 <para> |
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15 В данный момент доступны готовые пакеты для следующих дистрибутивов и их |
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16 версий: |
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17 </para> |
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18 |
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19 <para> |
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20 <link id="RHEL-CentOS">RHEL/CentOS</link> |
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21 |
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22 <table note="yes"> |
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23 |
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24 <tr> |
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25 <td width="30%">Версия</td> |
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26 <td>Поддерживаемые платформы</td> |
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27 </tr> |
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28 |
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29 <tr> |
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30 <td width="30%">6.x</td> |
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31 <td>x86_64, i386</td> |
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32 </tr> |
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33 |
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34 <tr> |
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35 <td width="30%">7.4+</td> |
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36 <td>x86_64, ppc64le</td> |
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37 </tr> |
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38 |
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39 </table> |
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40 </para> |
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41 |
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42 <para> |
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43 <link id="Debian">Debian</link> |
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44 |
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45 <table note="yes"> |
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46 |
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47 <tr> |
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48 <td width="30%">Версия</td> |
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49 <td>Поддерживаемые платформы</td> |
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50 </tr> |
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51 |
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52 <tr> |
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53 <td width="30%">8.x “jessie”</td> |
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54 <td>x86_64, i386</td> |
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55 </tr> |
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56 |
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57 <tr> |
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58 <td width="30%">9.x “stretch”</td> |
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59 <td>x86_64, i386</td> |
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60 </tr> |
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61 |
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62 </table> |
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63 </para> |
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64 |
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65 <para> |
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66 <link id="Ubuntu">Ubuntu</link> |
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67 |
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68 <table note="yes"> |
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69 |
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70 <tr> |
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71 <td width="30%">Версия</td> |
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72 <td>Поддерживаемые платформы</td> |
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73 </tr> |
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74 |
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75 <tr> |
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76 <td width="30%">14.04 “trusty”</td> |
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77 <td>x86_64, i386, aarch64/arm64</td> |
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78 </tr> |
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79 |
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80 <tr> |
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81 <td width="30%">16.04 “xenial”</td> |
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82 <td>x86_64, i386, ppc64el, aarch64/arm64</td> |
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83 </tr> |
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85 <tr> |
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86 <td width="30%">18.04 “bionic”</td> |
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87 <td>x86_64, aarch64/arm64</td> |
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88 </tr> |
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89 |
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90 <tr> |
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91 <td width="30%">18.10 “cosmic”</td> |
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92 <td>x86_64</td> |
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93 </tr> |
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94 |
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95 </table> |
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96 </para> |
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97 |
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98 <para> |
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99 <link id="SLES">SLES</link> |
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100 |
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101 <table note="yes"> |
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102 <tr> |
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103 <td width="30%">Версия</td> |
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104 <td>Поддерживаемые платформы</td> |
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105 </tr> |
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106 |
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107 <tr> |
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108 <td width="30%">12</td> |
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109 <td>x86_64</td> |
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110 </tr> |
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111 |
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112 <tr> |
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113 <td width="30%">15</td> |
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114 <td>x86_64</td> |
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115 </tr> |
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117 </table> |
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118 </para> |
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119 |
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120 <para> |
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121 <link id="Alpine">Alpine</link> |
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122 |
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123 <table note="yes"> |
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124 |
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125 <tr> |
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126 <td width="30%">Версия</td> |
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127 <td>Поддерживаемые платформы</td> |
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128 </tr> |
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129 |
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130 <tr> |
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131 <td width="30%">3.8</td> |
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132 <td>x86_64</td> |
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133 </tr> |
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134 |
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135 </table> |
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136 </para> |
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137 |
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138 <para> |
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139 Для того, чтобы поставить nginx на новой машине, необходимо подключить |
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140 и настроить репозиторий пакетов nginx. |
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141 После этого можно будет установить и обновлять nginx из этого репозитория. |
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142 </para> |
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143 |
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144 </section> |
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145 |
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146 |
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147 <section name="Инструкции по установке" id="instructions"> |
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148 |
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149 <section name="RHEL/CentOS" id="RHEL-CentOS"> |
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150 |
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151 <para> |
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152 Установите пакеты, необходимые для подключения yum-репозитория: |
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153 <programlisting> |
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154 sudo yum install yum-utils |
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155 </programlisting> |
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156 |
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157 Для подключения yum-репозитория создайте файл с именем |
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158 <path>/etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo</path> |
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159 со следующим содержимым: |
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160 |
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161 <programlisting> |
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162 [nginx-stable] |
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163 name=nginx stable repo |
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164 baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/ |
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165 gpgcheck=1 |
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166 enabled=1 |
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167 gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key |
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168 |
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169 [nginx-mainline] |
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170 name=nginx mainline repo |
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171 baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/centos/$releasever/$basearch/ |
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172 gpgcheck=1 |
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173 enabled=0 |
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174 gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key |
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175 </programlisting> |
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176 |
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177 По умолчанию используется репозиторий для стабильной версии nginx. |
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178 Если предпочтительно использовать пакеты для основной версии nginx, |
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179 выполните следующую команду: |
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180 <programlisting> |
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181 sudo yum-config-manager --enable nginx-mainline |
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182 </programlisting> |
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183 |
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184 Чтобы установить nginx, выполните следующую команду: |
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185 <programlisting> |
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186 sudo yum install nginx |
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187 </programlisting> |
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188 |
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189 При запросе подтверждения GPG-ключа проверьте, что отпечаток ключа совпадает |
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190 с <command>573B FD6B 3D8F BC64 1079 A6AB ABF5 BD82 7BD9 BF62</command>, и, |
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191 если это так, подтвердите его. |
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192 </para> |
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193 |
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194 </section> |
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195 |
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196 |
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197 <section name="Debian" id="Debian"> |
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198 |
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199 <para> |
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200 Установите пакеты, необходимые для подключения apt-репозитория: |
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201 <programlisting> |
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202 sudo apt install curl gnupg2 ca-certificates lsb-release |
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203 </programlisting> |
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204 |
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205 Для подключения apt-репозитория для стабильной версии nginx, |
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206 выполните следующую команду: |
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207 <programlisting> |
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208 echo "deb http://nginx.org/packages/debian `lsb_release -cs` nginx" \ |
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209 | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx.list |
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210 </programlisting> |
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211 |
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212 Если предпочтительно использовать пакеты для основной версии nginx, |
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213 выполните следующую команду вместо предыдущей: |
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214 <programlisting> |
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215 echo "deb http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/debian `lsb_release -cs` nginx" \ |
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216 | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx.list |
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217 </programlisting> |
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218 |
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219 Теперь нужно импортировать официальный ключ, |
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220 используемый apt для проверки подлинности пакетов: |
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221 <programlisting> |
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222 curl -fsSL https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key | sudo apt-key add - |
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223 </programlisting> |
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224 |
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225 Проверьте, верный ли ключ был импортирован: |
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226 <programlisting> |
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227 sudo apt-key fingerprint ABF5BD827BD9BF62 |
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228 </programlisting> |
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229 |
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230 Вывод команды должен содержать полный отпечаток ключа |
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231 <command>573B FD6B 3D8F BC64 1079 A6AB ABF5 BD82 7BD9 BF62</command>: |
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232 <programlisting> |
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233 pub rsa2048 2011-08-19 [SC] [expires: 2024-06-14] |
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234 573B FD6B 3D8F BC64 1079 A6AB ABF5 BD82 7BD9 BF62 |
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235 uid [ unknown] nginx signing key <signing-key@nginx.com> |
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236 </programlisting> |
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237 |
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238 Чтобы установить nginx, выполните следующие команды: |
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239 <programlisting> |
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240 sudo apt update |
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241 sudo apt install nginx |
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242 </programlisting> |
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243 </para> |
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244 |
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245 </section> |
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246 |
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247 |
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248 <section name="Ubuntu" id="Ubuntu"> |
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249 |
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250 <para> |
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251 Установите пакеты, необходимые для подключения apt-репозитория: |
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252 <programlisting> |
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253 sudo apt install curl gnupg2 ca-certificates lsb-release |
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254 </programlisting> |
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255 |
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256 Для подключения apt-репозитория для стабильной версии nginx, |
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257 выполните следующую команду: |
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258 <programlisting> |
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259 echo "deb http://nginx.org/packages/ubuntu `lsb_release -cs` nginx" \ |
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260 | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx.list |
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261 </programlisting> |
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262 |
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263 Если предпочтительно использовать пакеты для основной версии nginx, |
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264 выполните следующую команду вместо предыдущей: |
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265 <programlisting> |
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266 echo "deb http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/ubuntu `lsb_release -cs` nginx" \ |
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267 | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx.list |
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268 </programlisting> |
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269 |
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270 Теперь нужно импортировать официальный ключ, используемый apt для проверки |
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271 подлинности пакетов: |
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272 <programlisting> |
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273 curl -fsSL https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key | sudo apt-key add - |
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274 </programlisting> |
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275 |
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276 Проверьте, верный ли ключ был импортирован: |
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277 <programlisting> |
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278 sudo apt-key fingerprint ABF5BD827BD9BF62 |
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279 </programlisting> |
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280 |
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281 Вывод команды должен содержать полный отпечаток ключа |
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282 <command>573B FD6B 3D8F BC64 1079 A6AB ABF5 BD82 7BD9 BF62</command>: |
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283 <programlisting> |
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284 pub rsa2048 2011-08-19 [SC] [expires: 2024-06-14] |
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285 573B FD6B 3D8F BC64 1079 A6AB ABF5 BD82 7BD9 BF62 |
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286 uid [ unknown] nginx signing key <signing-key@nginx.com> |
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287 </programlisting> |
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288 |
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289 Чтобы установить nginx, выполните следующие команды: |
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290 <programlisting> |
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291 sudo apt update |
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292 sudo apt install nginx |
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293 </programlisting> |
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294 </para> |
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295 |
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296 </section> |
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297 |
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298 |
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299 <section name="SLES" id="SLES"> |
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300 |
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301 <para> |
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302 Установите пакеты, необходимые для подключения zypper-репозитория: |
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303 <programlisting> |
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304 sudo zypper install curl ca-certificates gpg2 |
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305 </programlisting> |
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306 |
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307 Для подключения zypper-репозитория для стабильной версии nginx, |
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308 выполните следующую команду: |
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309 <programlisting> |
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310 sudo zypper addrepo --gpgcheck --type yum --refresh --check \ |
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311 'http://nginx.org/packages/sles/$releasever' nginx-stable |
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312 </programlisting> |
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313 |
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314 Если предпочтительно использовать пакеты для основной версии nginx, |
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315 выполните следующую команду вместо предыдущей: |
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316 <programlisting> |
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317 sudo zypper addrepo --gpgcheck --type yum --refresh --check \ |
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318 'http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/sles/$releasever' nginx-mainline |
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319 </programlisting> |
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320 |
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321 Теперь нужно импортировать официальный ключ, используемый zypper/rpm |
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322 для проверки подлинности пакетов. |
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323 Скачайте ключ: |
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324 <programlisting> |
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325 curl -o /tmp/nginx_signing.key https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key |
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326 </programlisting> |
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327 |
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328 Проверьте, верный ли ключ был загружен: |
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329 <programlisting> |
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330 gpg --with-fingerprint /tmp/nginx_signing.key |
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331 </programlisting> |
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332 |
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333 Вывод команды должен содержать полный отпечаток ключа |
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334 <command>573B FD6B 3D8F BC64 1079 A6AB ABF5 BD82 7BD9 BF62</command>: |
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335 <programlisting> |
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336 pub 2048R/7BD9BF62 2011-08-19 [expires: 2024-06-14] |
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337 Key fingerprint = 573B FD6B 3D8F BC64 1079 A6AB ABF5 BD82 7BD9 BF62 |
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338 uid nginx signing key <signing-key@nginx.com> |
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339 </programlisting> |
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340 |
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341 Импортируйте ключ в базу данных rpm: |
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342 <programlisting> |
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343 sudo rpmkeys --import /tmp/nginx_signing.key |
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344 </programlisting> |
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345 |
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346 Чтобы установить nginx, выполните следующую команду: |
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347 <programlisting> |
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348 sudo zypper install nginx |
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349 </programlisting> |
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350 </para> |
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351 |
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352 </section> |
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353 |
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354 |
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355 <section name="Alpine" id="Alpine"> |
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356 |
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357 <para> |
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358 Установите пакеты, необходимые для подключения apk-репозитория: |
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359 <programlisting> |
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360 sudo apk add openssl curl ca-certificates |
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361 </programlisting> |
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362 |
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363 Для подключения apk-репозитория для стабильной версии nginx, |
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364 выполните следующую команду: |
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365 <programlisting> |
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366 printf "%s%s%s\n" \ |
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367 "http://nginx.org/packages/alpine/v" \ |
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368 `egrep -o '^[0-9]+\.[0-9]+' /etc/alpine-release` \ |
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369 "/main" \ |
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370 | sudo tee -a /etc/apk/repositories |
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371 </programlisting> |
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372 |
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373 Если предпочтительно использовать пакеты для основной версии nginx, |
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374 выполните следующую команду вместо предыдущей: |
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375 <programlisting> |
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376 printf "%s%s%s\n" \ |
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377 "http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/alpine/v" \ |
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378 `egrep -o '^[0-9]+\.[0-9]+' /etc/alpine-release` \ |
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379 "/main" \ |
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380 | sudo tee -a /etc/apk/repositories |
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381 </programlisting> |
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382 |
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383 Теперь нужно импортировать официальный ключ, используемый apk |
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384 для проверки подлинности пакетов. |
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385 Скачайте ключ: |
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386 <programlisting> |
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387 curl -o /tmp/nginx_signing.rsa.pub https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.rsa.pub |
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388 </programlisting> |
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389 |
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390 Проверьте, верный ли ключ был загружен: |
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391 <programlisting> |
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392 openssl rsa -pubin -in /tmp/nginx_signing.rsa.pub -text -noout |
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393 </programlisting> |
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394 |
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395 Вывод команды должен содержать следующий модуль: |
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396 <programlisting> |
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397 Public-Key: (2048 bit) |
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398 Modulus: |
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399 00:fe:14:f6:0a:1a:b8:86:19:fe:cd:ab:02:9f:58: |
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400 2f:37:70:15:74:d6:06:9b:81:55:90:99:96:cc:70: |
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401 5c:de:5b:e8:4c:b2:0c:47:5b:a8:a2:98:3d:11:b1: |
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402 f6:7d:a0:46:df:24:23:c6:d0:24:52:67:ba:69:ab: |
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403 9a:4a:6a:66:2c:db:e1:09:f1:0d:b2:b0:e1:47:1f: |
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404 0a:46:ac:0d:82:f3:3c:8d:02:ce:08:43:19:d9:64: |
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405 86:c4:4e:07:12:c0:5b:43:ba:7d:17:8a:a3:f0:3d: |
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406 98:32:b9:75:66:f4:f0:1b:2d:94:5b:7c:1c:e6:f3: |
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407 04:7f:dd:25:b2:82:a6:41:04:b7:50:93:94:c4:7c: |
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408 34:7e:12:7c:bf:33:54:55:47:8c:42:94:40:8e:34: |
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409 5f:54:04:1d:9e:8c:57:48:d4:b0:f8:e4:03:db:3f: |
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410 68:6c:37:fa:62:14:1c:94:d6:de:f2:2b:68:29:17: |
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411 24:6d:f7:b5:b3:18:79:fd:31:5e:7f:4c:be:c0:99: |
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412 13:cc:e2:97:2b:dc:96:9c:9a:d0:a7:c5:77:82:67: |
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413 c9:cb:a9:e7:68:4a:e1:c5:ba:1c:32:0e:79:40:6e: |
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414 ef:08:d7:a3:b9:5d:1a:df:ce:1a:c7:44:91:4c:d4: |
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415 99:c8:88:69:b3:66:2e:b3:06:f1:f4:22:d7:f2:5f: |
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416 ab:6d |
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417 Exponent: 65537 (0x10001) |
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418 </programlisting> |
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419 |
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420 Переместите ключ в каталог доверенных ключей apk: |
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421 <programlisting> |
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422 sudo mv /tmp/nginx_signing.rsa.pub /etc/apk/keys/ |
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423 </programlisting> |
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424 |
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425 Чтобы установить nginx, выполните следующую команду: |
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426 <programlisting> |
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|
427 sudo apk add nginx |
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428 </programlisting> |
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429 </para> |
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430 |
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431 </section> |
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432 |
882
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|
433 </section> |
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434 |
932
774505846a54
Section about packages' and repositories' signatures added.
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|
435 |
1922
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436 <section name="Пакеты с исходным кодом" id="sourcepackages"> |
1482
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437 |
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|
438 <para> |
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439 Исходные коды пакетов находятся в соответствующем |
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440 <link url="http://hg.nginx.org/pkg-oss">репозитории</link>. |
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441 </para> |
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|
442 |
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|
443 <para> |
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444 Ветка репозитория <literal>default</literal> содержит исходные коды пакетов для |
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445 mainline-версии, в то время как ветки <literal>stable-*</literal> содержат |
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446 исходные коды пакетов для стабильных релизов. |
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|
447 Для сборки бинарных пакетов запустите <command>make</command> в каталоге |
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448 <path>debian/</path> для Debian/Ubuntu, или в каталоге |
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449 <path>rpm/SPECS/</path> для RHEL/CentOS/SLES, или в каталоге |
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|
450 <path>apk/</path> для Alpine. |
1788
e739f2281571
Mentioned --with-stream_realip_module configure argument for mainline packages.
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451 </para> |
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diff
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452 |
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453 <para> |
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454 Исходные коды пакетов распространяются под той же |
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455 <link url="../LICENSE">BSD-подобной лицензией из 2 пунктов</link>, |
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456 что и сам nginx. |
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457 </para> |
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458 |
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459 </section> |
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460 |
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461 |
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Linux packages for dynamic modules.
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462 <section name="Динамические модули" id="dynmodules"> |
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463 |
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464 <para> |
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465 Для того чтобы избежать увеличения числа зависимостей, основной пакет nginx не |
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466 включает модули, которым требуются дополнительные библиотеки. |
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467 Начиная с версии 1.9.11 nginx поддерживает |
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468 <link doc="docs/ngx_core_module.xml" id="load_module">динамические |
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469 модули</link>, и следующие модули собираются как динамические и поставляются в |
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470 виде отдельных пакетов: |
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471 <programlisting> |
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472 nginx-module-geoip |
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473 nginx-module-image-filter |
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474 nginx-module-njs |
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475 nginx-module-perl |
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476 nginx-module-xslt |
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477 </programlisting> |
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478 </para> |
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479 |
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480 </section> |
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481 |
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482 |
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483 <section name="Подписи" id="signatures"> |
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484 |
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485 <para> |
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486 Поскольку наши <link doc="../en/pgp_keys.xml">PGP-ключи</link> |
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487 находятся на том же сервере, что и пакеты, |
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488 им следует доверять в равной степени. |
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489 Поэтому мы настоятельно рекомендуем дополнительно проверить |
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490 подлинность загруженных PGP-ключей. |
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491 В PGP есть понятие “сети доверия”, |
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492 когда ключ подписывается чьим-либо другим ключом, |
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493 тот в свою очередь третьим, и т.д. |
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494 Это зачастую позволяет построить цепочку от произвольного ключа |
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495 до ключа человека, которого вы знаете и кому доверяете лично, |
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496 и таким образом удостовериться в подлинности первого ключа в цепочке. |
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497 Подробно эта концепция описана в |
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498 <link url="http://www.dewinter.com/gnupg_howto/english/GPGMiniHowto-1.html"> |
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499 GPG Mini Howto</link>. |
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500 У наших ключей есть достаточное количество подписей, |
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501 поэтому проверить их подлинность относительно несложно. |
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502 </para> |
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503 |
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504 </section> |
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505 |
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Linux packages related information moved to separate page.
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506 </article> |