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annotate xml/ru/linux_packages.xml @ 1171:f9b35c517517

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Updated supported Ubuntu releases.
author Sarah Novotny <sarah@nginx.com>
date Fri, 25 Apr 2014 08:39:55 -0700
parents f5b15dfb72a1
children 27b22e625491
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1 <!--
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2 Copyright (C) Nginx, Inc.
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3 -->
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4
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5 <!DOCTYPE article SYSTEM "../../dtd/article.dtd">
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6
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7 <article name="nginx: пакеты для Linux"
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8 link="/ru/linux_packages.html"
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9 lang="ru"
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10 rev="6"
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11 toc="no">
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13 <section id="distributions">
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14
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15 <para>
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16 В данный момент доступны готовые пакеты для следующих дистрибутивов и их
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17 версий:
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18 </para>
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19
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20 <para>
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21 RHEL/CentOS:
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22
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23 <table note="yes">
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24
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25 <tr>
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26 <td width="20%">Версия</td>
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27 </tr>
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29 <tr>
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30 <td width="20%">5.x</td>
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31 </tr>
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33 <tr>
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34 <td width="20%">6.x</td>
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35 </tr>
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36
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37 </table>
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38 </para>
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39
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40 <para>
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41 Debian:
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42
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43 <table note="yes">
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44
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45 <tr>
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46 <td width="20%">Версия</td>
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47 <td>Кодовое имя</td>
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48 </tr>
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50 <tr>
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51 <td width="20%">6.x</td>
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52 <td>squeeze</td>
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53 </tr>
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54
915
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55 <tr>
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56 <td width="20%">7.x</td>
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57 <td>wheezy</td>
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58 </tr>
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60 </table>
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61 </para>
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62
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63 <para>
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64 Ubuntu:
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65
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66 <table note="yes">
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67
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68 <tr>
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69 <td width="20%">версия</td>
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70 <td>Кодовое имя</td>
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71 </tr>
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73 <tr>
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74 <td width="20%">10.04</td>
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75 <td>lucid</td>
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76 </tr>
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78 <tr>
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79 <td width="20%">12.04</td>
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80 <td>precise</td>
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81 </tr>
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83 <tr>
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84 <td width="20%">12.10</td>
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85 <td>quantal</td>
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86 </tr>
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87
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88 <tr>
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89 <td width="20%">13.10</td>
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90 <td>saucy</td>
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91 </tr>
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93 <tr>
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94 <td width="20%">14.04</td>
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95 <td>trusty</td>
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96 </tr>
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98 </table>
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99 </para>
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100
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101 <para>
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102 Чтобы включить автоматическое обновление пакетов для Linux,
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103 настройте репозиторий yum для дистрибутивов RHEL/CentOS,
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104 или репозиторий apt для дистрибутивов Debian/Ubuntu.
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105 </para>
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106
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107 </section>
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108
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109
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110 <section name="Готовые пакеты стабильной версии" id="stable">
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111
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112 <para>
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113 Для настройки репозитория yum для RHEL/CentOS выберите из списка
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114 соответствующий пакет <literal>nginx-release</literal>:
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115
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116 <list type="bullet">
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117
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118 <listitem>
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119 <link url="http://nginx.org/packages/rhel/5/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-rhel-5-0.el5.ngx.noarch.rpm">RHEL 5</link>
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120 </listitem>
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121
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122 <listitem>
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123 <link url="http://nginx.org/packages/rhel/6/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-rhel-6-0.el6.ngx.noarch.rpm">RHEL 6</link>
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124 </listitem>
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125
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126 <listitem>
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127 <link url="http://nginx.org/packages/centos/5/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-5-0.el5.ngx.noarch.rpm">CentOS 5</link>
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128 </listitem>
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129
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130 <listitem>
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131 <link url="http://nginx.org/packages/centos/6/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-6-0.el6.ngx.noarch.rpm">CentOS 6</link>
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132 </listitem>
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133
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134 </list>
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135
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136 Пакет содержит конфигурационный файл для yum и публичный PGP-ключ,
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137 необходимый для проверки подлинности подписи RPM-пакетов.
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138 Загрузите и установите его, затем выполните команду:
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139 <programlisting>
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140 yum install nginx
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141 </programlisting>
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142
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143 Кроме того, конфигурацию репозитория можно добавить вручную
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144 без установки пакета <literal>nginx-release</literal>.
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145 Создайте файл с именем <path>/etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo</path>
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146 и таким содержимым:
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147
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148 <programlisting>
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149 [nginx]
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150 name=nginx repo
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151 baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/OS/OSRELEASE/$basearch/
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152 gpgcheck=0
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153 enabled=1
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154 </programlisting>
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155
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156 Замените “<literal>OS</literal>” на “<literal>rhel</literal>” или
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157 “<literal>centos</literal>”,
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158 в зависимости от используемого дистрибутива, а “<literal>OSRELEASE</literal>”
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159 на “<literal>5</literal>” или “<literal>6</literal>”,
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160 для, соответственно, 5.x или 6.x версий.
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161 </para>
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162
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163 <para>
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164 Для Debian/Ubuntu, для проверки подлинности подписи репозитория nginx,
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165 и чтобы избавиться от предупреждений об отсутствующем PGP-ключе во время
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166 установки пакета nginx, необходимо добавить ключ, которым были подписаны
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167 пакеты и репозиторий nginx, в связку ключей программы <command>apt</command>.
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168 Загрузите <link url="http://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key">этот
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169 ключ</link> с нашего веб-сайта и добавьте его в связку ключей программы
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170 <command>apt</command>, выполнив команду:
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171 <programlisting>
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172 sudo apt-key add nginx_signing.key
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173 </programlisting>
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174 </para>
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175
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176 <para>
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177 Для Debian замените <i>codename</i> на
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178 <link id="distributions">кодовое имя</link> дистрибутива,
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179 и добавьте в конец файла <path>/etc/apt/sources.list</path>
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180 следующее:
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181
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182 <programlisting>
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183 deb http://nginx.org/packages/debian/ <i>codename</i> nginx
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184 deb-src http://nginx.org/packages/debian/ <i>codename</i> nginx
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185 </programlisting>
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186 </para>
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187
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188 <para>
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189 Для Ubuntu замените <i>codename</i> на
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190 <link id="distributions">кодовое имя</link> дистрибутива,
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191 и добавьте в конец файла <path>/etc/apt/sources.list</path>
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192 следующее:
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193
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194 <programlisting>
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195 deb http://nginx.org/packages/ubuntu/ <i>codename</i> nginx
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196 deb-src http://nginx.org/packages/ubuntu/ <i>codename</i> nginx
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197 </programlisting>
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198 </para>
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199
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200 <para>
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201 Для Debian/Ubuntu затем выполните команды:
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202 <programlisting>
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203 apt-get update
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204 apt-get install nginx
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205 </programlisting>
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206 </para>
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207
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208 </section>
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209
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210
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211 <section name="Готовые пакеты mainline-версии" id="mainline">
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212
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213 <para>
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214 Для настройки репозитория yum для RHEL/CentOS необходимо
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215 создать файл с именем <path>/etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo</path>
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216 и таким содержимым:
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217
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218 <programlisting>
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219 [nginx]
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220 name=nginx repo
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221 baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/OS/OSRELEASE/$basearch/
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222 gpgcheck=0
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223 enabled=1
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224 </programlisting>
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225
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226 Замените “<literal>OS</literal>” на “<literal>rhel</literal>” или
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227 “<literal>centos</literal>”,
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228 в зависимости от используемого дистрибутива, а “<literal>OSRELEASE</literal>”
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229 на “<literal>5</literal>” или “<literal>6</literal>”,
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230 для, соответственно, 5.x или 6.x версий.
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231 </para>
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232
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233 <para>
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234 Для Debian/Ubuntu, для проверки подлинности подписи репозитория nginx,
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235 и чтобы избавиться от предупреждений об отсутствующем PGP-ключе во время
882
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236 установки пакета nginx, необходимо добавить ключ, которым были подписаны
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237 пакеты и репозиторий nginx, в связку ключей программы <command>apt</command>.
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238 Загрузите <link url="http://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key">этот
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239 ключ</link> с нашего веб-сайта и добавьте его в связку ключей программы
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240 <command>apt</command>, выполнив команду:
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241 <programlisting>
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242 sudo apt-key add nginx_signing.key
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243 </programlisting>
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244 </para>
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245
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246 <para>
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247 Для Debian замените <i>codename</i> на
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248 <link id="distributions">кодовое имя</link> дистрибутива,
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249 и добавьте в конец файла <path>/etc/apt/sources.list</path>
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250 следующее:
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251
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252 <programlisting>
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253 deb http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/debian/ <i>codename</i> nginx
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254 deb-src http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/debian/ <i>codename</i> nginx
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255 </programlisting>
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256 </para>
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257
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258 <para>
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259 Для Ubuntu замените <i>codename</i> на
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260 <link id="distributions">кодовое имя</link> дистрибутива,
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261 и добавьте в конец файла <path>/etc/apt/sources.list</path>
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262 следующее:
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263
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264 <programlisting>
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265 deb http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/ubuntu/ <i>codename</i> nginx
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266 deb-src http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/ubuntu/ <i>codename</i> nginx
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267 </programlisting>
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268 </para>
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269
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270 <para>
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271 Для Debian/Ubuntu затем выполните команды:
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272 <programlisting>
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273 apt-get update
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274 apt-get install nginx
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275 </programlisting>
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276 </para>
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277
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278 </section>
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279
932
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280
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281 <section name="Подписи" id="signatures">
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282
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283 <para>
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284 Для проверки целостности и происхождения загруженного пакета
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285 и в случае RPM, и в случае репозиториев Debian/Ubuntu используется
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286 цифровая подпись.
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287 Для проверки подписи необходимо загрузить
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288 <link url="http://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key">этот ключ</link>
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289 и импортировать его в связку ключей программы <command>rpm</command>
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290 или <command>apt</command>:
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291
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292 <list type="bullet">
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293
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294 <listitem>
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295 Для Debian/Ubuntu:
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296 <programlisting>sudo apt-key add nginx_signing.key</programlisting>
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297 </listitem>
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298
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299 <listitem>
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300 Для RHEL/CentOS:
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301 <programlisting>sudo rpm --import nginx_signing.key</programlisting>
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302 </listitem>
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303
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304 </list>
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305 </para>
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306
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307 <para>
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308 В Debian/Ubuntu подпись проверяется по умолчанию, однако
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309 в RHEL/CentOS необходимо добавить
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310 <programlisting>gpgcheck=1</programlisting> в файл
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311 <path>/etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo</path>.
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312 </para>
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313
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314 <para>
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315 Поскольку наши <link doc="../en/pgp_keys.xml">PGP-ключи</link>
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316 находятся на том же сервере, что и пакеты,
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317 им следует доверять в равной степени.
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318 Поэтому мы настоятельно рекомендуем дополнительно проверить
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319 подлинность загруженных PGP-ключей.
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320 В PGP есть понятие “сети доверия”,
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321 когда ключ подписывается чьим-либо другим ключом,
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322 тот в свою очередь третьим, и т.д.
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323 Это зачастую позволяет построить цепочку от произвольного ключа
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324 до ключа человека, которого вы знаете и кому доверяете лично,
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325 и таким образом удостовериться в подлинности первого ключа в цепочке.
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326 Подробно эта концепция описана в
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327 <link url="http://www.dewinter.com/gnupg_howto/english/GPGMiniHowto-1.html">
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328 GPG Mini Howto</link>.
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329 У наших ключей есть достаточное количество подписей,
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330 поэтому проверить их подлинность относительно несложно.
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331 </para>
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332
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333 </section>
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334
882
d1002c39ac0a Linux packages related information moved to separate page.
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335 </article>