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annotate xml/ru/docs/http/ngx_http_memcached_module.xml @ 2090:a9a9a052b5bd

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Documented the "CAP_NET_RAW" capability for transparent proxying.
author Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
date Tue, 26 Dec 2017 15:28:53 +0300
parents 6839c258c473
children d7d65cc0aa1e
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1 <?xml version="1.0"?>
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2
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3 <!--
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4 Copyright (C) Igor Sysoev
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5 Copyright (C) Nginx, Inc.
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6 -->
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7
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8 <!DOCTYPE module SYSTEM "../../../../dtd/module.dtd">
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9
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10 <module name="Модуль ngx_http_memcached_module"
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11 link="/ru/docs/http/ngx_http_memcached_module.html"
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12 lang="ru"
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13 rev="16">
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14
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15 <section id="summary">
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16
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17 <para>
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18 Модуль <literal>ngx_http_memcached_module</literal> позволяет получать
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19 ответ из сервера memcached.
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20 Ключ задаётся в переменной <var>$memcached_key</var>.
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21 Ответ в memcached должен быть предварительно помещён внешним по отношению
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22 к nginx’у способом.
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23 </para>
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24
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25 </section>
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26
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27
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28 <section id="example" name="Пример конфигурации">
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29
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30 <para>
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31 <example>
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32 server {
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33 location / {
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34 set $memcached_key "$uri?$args";
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35 memcached_pass host:11211;
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36 error_page 404 502 504 = @fallback;
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37 }
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38
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39 location @fallback {
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40 proxy_pass http://backend;
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41 }
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42 }
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43 </example>
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44 </para>
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45
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46 </section>
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47
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48
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49 <section id="directives" name="Директивы">
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50
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51 <directive name="memcached_bind">
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52 <syntax>
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53 <value>адрес</value>
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54 [ <literal>transparent </literal>] |
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55 <literal>off</literal></syntax>
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56 <default/>
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57 <context>http</context>
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58 <context>server</context>
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59 <context>location</context>
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60 <appeared-in>0.8.22</appeared-in>
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61
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62 <para>
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63 Задаёт локальный IP-адрес с необязательным портом (1.11.2),
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64 который будет использоваться в исходящих соединениях с сервером memcached.
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65 В значении параметра допустимо использование переменных (1.3.12).
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66 Специальное значение <literal>off</literal> (1.3.12) отменяет действие
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67 унаследованной с предыдущего уровня конфигурации
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68 директивы <literal>memcached_bind</literal>, позволяя системе
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69 самостоятельно выбирать локальный IP-адрес и порт.
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70 </para>
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71
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72 <para id="memcached_bind_transparent">
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73 Параметр <literal>transparent</literal> (1.11.0) позволяет
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74 задать нелокальный IP-aдрес, который будет использоваться в
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75 исходящих соединениях с сервером memcached,
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76 например, реальный IP-адрес клиента:
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77 <example>
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78 memcached_bind $remote_addr transparent;
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79 </example>
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80 Для работы параметра
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81 обычно требуется
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82 запустить рабочие процессы nginx с привилегиями
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83 <link doc="../ngx_core_module.xml" id="user">суперпользователя</link>.
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84 В Linux этого не требуется (1.13.8), так как если
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85 указан параметр <literal>transparent</literal>, то рабочие процессы
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86 наследуют capability <literal>CAP_NET_RAW</literal> из главного процесса.
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87 Также необходимо настроить таблицу маршрутизации ядра
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88 для перехвата сетевого трафика с сервера memcached.
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89 </para>
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90
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91 </directive>
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92
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93
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94 <directive name="memcached_buffer_size">
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95 <syntax><value>размер</value></syntax>
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96 <default>4k|8k</default>
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97 <context>http</context>
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98 <context>server</context>
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99 <context>location</context>
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100
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101 <para>
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102 Задаёт <value>размер</value> буфера, в который будет читаться ответ,
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103 получаемый от сервера memcached.
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104 Ответ синхронно передаётся клиенту сразу же по мере его поступления.
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105 </para>
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106
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107 </directive>
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108
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109
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110 <directive name="memcached_connect_timeout">
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111 <syntax><value>время</value></syntax>
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112 <default>60s</default>
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113 <context>http</context>
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114 <context>server</context>
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115 <context>location</context>
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116
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117 <para>
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118 Задаёт таймаут для установления соединения с сервером memcached.
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119 Необходимо иметь в виду, что этот таймаут обычно не может превышать 75 секунд.
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120 </para>
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121
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122 </directive>
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123
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124
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125 <directive name="memcached_force_ranges">
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126 <syntax><literal>on</literal> | <literal>off</literal></syntax>
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127 <default>off</default>
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128 <context>http</context>
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129 <context>server</context>
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130 <context>location</context>
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131 <appeared-in>1.7.7</appeared-in>
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132
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133 <para>
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134 Включает поддержку диапазонов запрашиваемых байт (byte-range)
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135 для кэшированных и некэшированных ответов сервера memcached
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136 вне зависимости от наличия поля <header>Accept-Ranges</header>
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137 в заголовках этих ответов.
91a064bdb4f9 Documented the "proxy_force_ranges" directive and friends.
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138 </para>
91a064bdb4f9 Documented the "proxy_force_ranges" directive and friends.
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139
91a064bdb4f9 Documented the "proxy_force_ranges" directive and friends.
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140 </directive>
91a064bdb4f9 Documented the "proxy_force_ranges" directive and friends.
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141
91a064bdb4f9 Documented the "proxy_force_ranges" directive and friends.
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142
675
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143 <directive name="memcached_gzip_flag">
08140f6b7964 Documented gunzip module and corresponding changes.
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144 <syntax><value>флаг</value></syntax>
08140f6b7964 Documented gunzip module and corresponding changes.
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145 <default></default>
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146 <context>http</context>
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147 <context>server</context>
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148 <context>location</context>
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149 <appeared-in>1.3.6</appeared-in>
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150
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151 <para>
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152 Включает проверку указанного <value>флага</value> в ответе
675
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153 сервера memcached и установку поля “<literal>Content-Encoding</literal>”
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154 заголовка ответа в “<literal>gzip</literal>”, если этот флаг установлен.
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155 </para>
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156
08140f6b7964 Documented gunzip module and corresponding changes.
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157 </directive>
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158
08140f6b7964 Documented gunzip module and corresponding changes.
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159
76
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160 <directive name="memcached_next_upstream">
271
4c6d2c614d2c Cleaned up XML tag mess:
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161 <syntax>
364
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162 <literal>error</literal> |
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163 <literal>timeout</literal> |
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164 <literal>invalid_response</literal> |
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165 <literal>not_found</literal> |
bb51d3e17dd0 Style fixed.
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166 <literal>off</literal>
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diff changeset
167 ...</syntax>
102
c76a257f3fd4 The directive name is now automatically printed in <default> and <syntax>.
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parents: 99
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168 <default>error timeout</default>
361
1018108c5068 Revision.
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parents: 296
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169 <context>http</context>
1018108c5068 Revision.
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parents: 296
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170 <context>server</context>
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171 <context>location</context>
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172
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173 <para>
361
1018108c5068 Revision.
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diff changeset
174 Определяет, в каких случаях запрос будет передан следующему серверу:
1018108c5068 Revision.
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175 <list type="tag">
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176
361
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177 <tag-name><literal>error</literal></tag-name>
1018108c5068 Revision.
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178 <tag-desc>произошла ошибка соединения с сервером, передачи ему запроса или
1018108c5068 Revision.
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179 чтения заголовка ответа сервера;</tag-desc>
76
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180
361
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181 <tag-name><literal>timeout</literal></tag-name>
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182 <tag-desc>произошёл таймаут во время соединения с сервером,
1018108c5068 Revision.
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diff changeset
183 передачи ему запроса или чтения заголовка ответа сервера;</tag-desc>
76
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184
361
1018108c5068 Revision.
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185 <tag-name><literal>invalid_response</literal></tag-name>
1018108c5068 Revision.
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diff changeset
186 <tag-desc>сервер вернул пустой или неверный ответ;</tag-desc>
76
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187
361
1018108c5068 Revision.
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diff changeset
188 <tag-name><literal>not_found</literal></tag-name>
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189 <tag-desc>сервер не нашёл ответ;</tag-desc>
76
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190
361
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diff changeset
191 <tag-name><literal>off</literal></tag-name>
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diff changeset
192 <tag-desc>запрещает передачу запроса следующему серверу.</tag-desc>
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193
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194 </list>
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195 </para>
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196
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197 <para>
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198 Необходимо понимать, что передача запроса следующему серверу возможна
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
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199 только при условии, что клиенту ещё ничего не передавалось.
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200 То есть, если ошибка или таймаут возникли в середине передачи ответа,
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201 то исправить это уже невозможно.
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202 </para>
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203
942
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204 <para>
1289
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205 Директива также определяет, что считается
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206 <link doc="ngx_http_upstream_module.xml" id="max_fails">неудачной
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207 попыткой</link> работы с сервером.
942
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208 Случаи <literal>error</literal>, <literal>timeout</literal> и
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209 <literal>invalid_response</literal>
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210 всегда считаются неудачными попытками, даже если они не указаны в директиве.
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211 Случай <literal>not_found</literal>
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212 никогда не считается неудачной попыткой.
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213 </para>
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214
1290
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215 <para>
f5cc9f2aef9a Proxy/memcached/fastcgi/scgi/uwsgi: _next_upstream_timeout,_next_upstream_tries.
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216 Передача запроса следующему серверу может быть ограничена по
f5cc9f2aef9a Proxy/memcached/fastcgi/scgi/uwsgi: _next_upstream_timeout,_next_upstream_tries.
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217 <link id="memcached_next_upstream_tries">количеству попыток</link>
f5cc9f2aef9a Proxy/memcached/fastcgi/scgi/uwsgi: _next_upstream_timeout,_next_upstream_tries.
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218 и по <link id="memcached_next_upstream_timeout">времени</link>.
f5cc9f2aef9a Proxy/memcached/fastcgi/scgi/uwsgi: _next_upstream_timeout,_next_upstream_tries.
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219 </para>
f5cc9f2aef9a Proxy/memcached/fastcgi/scgi/uwsgi: _next_upstream_timeout,_next_upstream_tries.
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220
f5cc9f2aef9a Proxy/memcached/fastcgi/scgi/uwsgi: _next_upstream_timeout,_next_upstream_tries.
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221 </directive>
f5cc9f2aef9a Proxy/memcached/fastcgi/scgi/uwsgi: _next_upstream_timeout,_next_upstream_tries.
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222
f5cc9f2aef9a Proxy/memcached/fastcgi/scgi/uwsgi: _next_upstream_timeout,_next_upstream_tries.
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223
f5cc9f2aef9a Proxy/memcached/fastcgi/scgi/uwsgi: _next_upstream_timeout,_next_upstream_tries.
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diff changeset
224 <directive name="memcached_next_upstream_timeout">
f5cc9f2aef9a Proxy/memcached/fastcgi/scgi/uwsgi: _next_upstream_timeout,_next_upstream_tries.
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225 <syntax><value>время</value></syntax>
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226 <default>0</default>
f5cc9f2aef9a Proxy/memcached/fastcgi/scgi/uwsgi: _next_upstream_timeout,_next_upstream_tries.
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227 <context>http</context>
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228 <context>server</context>
f5cc9f2aef9a Proxy/memcached/fastcgi/scgi/uwsgi: _next_upstream_timeout,_next_upstream_tries.
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229 <context>location</context>
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230 <appeared-in>1.7.5</appeared-in>
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231
f5cc9f2aef9a Proxy/memcached/fastcgi/scgi/uwsgi: _next_upstream_timeout,_next_upstream_tries.
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232 <para>
f5cc9f2aef9a Proxy/memcached/fastcgi/scgi/uwsgi: _next_upstream_timeout,_next_upstream_tries.
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diff changeset
233 Ограничивает время, в течение которого возможна передача запроса
f5cc9f2aef9a Proxy/memcached/fastcgi/scgi/uwsgi: _next_upstream_timeout,_next_upstream_tries.
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234 <link id="memcached_next_upstream">следующему серверу</link>.
f5cc9f2aef9a Proxy/memcached/fastcgi/scgi/uwsgi: _next_upstream_timeout,_next_upstream_tries.
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235 Значение <literal>0</literal> отключает это ограничение.
f5cc9f2aef9a Proxy/memcached/fastcgi/scgi/uwsgi: _next_upstream_timeout,_next_upstream_tries.
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236 </para>
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237
f5cc9f2aef9a Proxy/memcached/fastcgi/scgi/uwsgi: _next_upstream_timeout,_next_upstream_tries.
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diff changeset
238 </directive>
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239
f5cc9f2aef9a Proxy/memcached/fastcgi/scgi/uwsgi: _next_upstream_timeout,_next_upstream_tries.
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240
f5cc9f2aef9a Proxy/memcached/fastcgi/scgi/uwsgi: _next_upstream_timeout,_next_upstream_tries.
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241 <directive name="memcached_next_upstream_tries">
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242 <syntax><value>число</value></syntax>
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243 <default>0</default>
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244 <context>http</context>
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245 <context>server</context>
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246 <context>location</context>
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247 <appeared-in>1.7.5</appeared-in>
f5cc9f2aef9a Proxy/memcached/fastcgi/scgi/uwsgi: _next_upstream_timeout,_next_upstream_tries.
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248
f5cc9f2aef9a Proxy/memcached/fastcgi/scgi/uwsgi: _next_upstream_timeout,_next_upstream_tries.
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249 <para>
f5cc9f2aef9a Proxy/memcached/fastcgi/scgi/uwsgi: _next_upstream_timeout,_next_upstream_tries.
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250 Ограничивает число допустимых попыток для передачи запроса
f5cc9f2aef9a Proxy/memcached/fastcgi/scgi/uwsgi: _next_upstream_timeout,_next_upstream_tries.
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251 <link id="memcached_next_upstream">следующему серверу</link>.
f5cc9f2aef9a Proxy/memcached/fastcgi/scgi/uwsgi: _next_upstream_timeout,_next_upstream_tries.
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252 Значение <literal>0</literal> отключает это ограничение.
f5cc9f2aef9a Proxy/memcached/fastcgi/scgi/uwsgi: _next_upstream_timeout,_next_upstream_tries.
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253 </para>
f5cc9f2aef9a Proxy/memcached/fastcgi/scgi/uwsgi: _next_upstream_timeout,_next_upstream_tries.
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254
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255 </directive>
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256
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257
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258 <directive name="memcached_pass">
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259 <syntax><value>адрес</value></syntax>
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260 <default/>
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261 <context>location</context>
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262 <context>if в location</context>
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263
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264 <para>
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265 Задаёт адрес сервера memcached.
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266 Адрес может быть указан в виде доменного имени или IP-адреса,
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267 и порта:
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268 <example>
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269 memcached_pass localhost:11211;
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270 </example>
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271 или в виде пути UNIX-сокета:
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272 <example>
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273 memcached_pass unix:/tmp/memcached.socket;
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274 </example>
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275 </para>
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276
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277 <para>
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278 Если доменному имени соответствует несколько адресов, то все они будут
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279 использоваться по очереди (round-robin).
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280 И, кроме того, адрес может быть
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281 <link doc="ngx_http_upstream_module.xml">группой серверов</link>.
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282 </para>
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283
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284 </directive>
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285
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286
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287 <directive name="memcached_read_timeout">
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288 <syntax><value>время</value></syntax>
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289 <default>60s</default>
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290 <context>http</context>
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291 <context>server</context>
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292 <context>location</context>
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293
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294 <para>
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295 Задаёт таймаут при чтении ответа сервера memcached.
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296 Таймаут устанавливается не на всю передачу ответа,
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297 а только между двумя операциями чтения.
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298 Если по истечении этого времени сервер memcached ничего не передаст,
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299 соединение закрывается.
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300 </para>
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301
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302 </directive>
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303
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304
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305 <directive name="memcached_send_timeout">
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306 <syntax><value>время</value></syntax>
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307 <default>60s</default>
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308 <context>http</context>
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309 <context>server</context>
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310 <context>location</context>
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311
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312 <para>
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313 Задаёт таймаут при передаче запроса серверу memcached.
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314 Таймаут устанавливается не на всю передачу запроса,
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315 а только между двумя операциями записи.
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316 Если по истечении этого времени сервер memcached не примет новых данных,
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317 соединение закрывается.
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318 </para>
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319
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320 </directive>
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321
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322 </section>
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323
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324
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325 <section id="variables" name="Встроенные переменные">
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326
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327 <para>
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328 <list type="tag">
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329
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330 <tag-name id="var_memcached_key"><var>$memcached_key</var></tag-name>
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331 <tag-desc>
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332 Задаёт ключ для получения ответа из сервера memcached.
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333 </tag-desc>
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334
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335 </list>
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336 </para>
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337
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338 </section>
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339
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340 </module>