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annotate xml/ru/docs/http/ngx_http_v2_module.xml @ 2977:e4718be70b33

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Deprecated HTTP/2 Server Push directives.
author Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
date Tue, 13 Jun 2023 19:24:58 +0100
parents cbd963190c15
children c1b9ab38ff09
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1 <?xml version="1.0"?>
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2
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3 <!--
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4 Copyright (C) Nginx, Inc.
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5 -->
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6
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7 <!DOCTYPE module SYSTEM "../../../../dtd/module.dtd">
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8
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9 <module name="Модуль ngx_http_v2_module"
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10 link="/ru/docs/http/ngx_http_v2_module.html"
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11 lang="ru"
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12 rev="17">
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13
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14 <section id="summary">
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15
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16 <para>
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17 Модуль <literal>ngx_http_v2_module</literal> (1.9.5) обеспечивает
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18 поддержку
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19 <link url="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7540">HTTP/2</link>.
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20 </para>
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21
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22 <para>
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23 По умолчанию этот модуль не собирается, его сборку необходимо разрешить
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24 с помощью конфигурационного параметра
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25 <literal>--with-http_v2_module</literal>.
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26 </para>
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27
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28 </section>
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29
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30
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31 <section id="issues" name="Известные проблемы">
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32
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33 <para>
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34 До версии 1.9.14
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35 буферизация тела запроса клиента не могла быть запрещена
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36 независимо от
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37 значения директив
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38 <link doc="ngx_http_proxy_module.xml" id="proxy_request_buffering"/>,
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39 <link doc="ngx_http_fastcgi_module.xml" id="fastcgi_request_buffering"/>,
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40 <link doc="ngx_http_uwsgi_module.xml" id="uwsgi_request_buffering"/> и
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41 <link doc="ngx_http_scgi_module.xml" id="scgi_request_buffering"/>.
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42 </para>
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43
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44 <para>
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45 До версии 1.19.1
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46 механизм <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="lingering_close"/>
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47 не использовался в управлении закрытием HTTP/2-соединений.
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48 </para>
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49
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50 </section>
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51
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52
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53 <section id="example" name="Пример конфигурации">
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54
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55 <para>
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56 <example>
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57 server {
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58 listen 443 ssl;
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59
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60 http2 on;
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61
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62 ssl_certificate server.crt;
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63 ssl_certificate_key server.key;
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64 }
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65 </example>
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66 Чтобы принимать HTTP/2-соединения по TLS, необходимо
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67 наличие поддержки расширения “Application-Layer Protocol Negotiation” (ALPN)
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68 протокола TLS, появившейся в
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69 <link url="http://www.openssl.org">OpenSSL</link> версии 1.0.2.
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70 </para>
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71
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72 <para>
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73 Если
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74 директива <link doc="ngx_http_ssl_module.xml" id="ssl_prefer_server_ciphers"/>
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75 установлена в значение “<literal>on</literal>”,
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76 <link doc="ngx_http_ssl_module.xml" id="ssl_ciphers">шифры</link>
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77 должны быть настроены таким образом, чтобы соответствовать чёрному списку
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78 <link url="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7540#appendix-A">RFC 7540, Appendix A</link>,
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79 а также поддерживаться клиентами.
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80 </para>
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81
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82 </section>
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83
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84
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85 <section id="directives" name="Директивы">
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86
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87 <directive name="http2">
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88 <syntax><literal>on</literal> | <literal>off</literal></syntax>
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89 <default>off</default>
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90 <context>http</context>
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91 <context>server</context>
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92 <appeared-in>1.25.1</appeared-in>
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93
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94 <para>
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95 Разрешает
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96 протокол
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97 <link url="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc9113">HTTP/2</link>.
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98 </para>
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99
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100 </directive>
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101
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102
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103 <directive name="http2_body_preread_size">
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104 <syntax><value>размер</value></syntax>
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105 <default>64k</default>
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106 <context>http</context>
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107 <context>server</context>
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108 <appeared-in>1.11.0</appeared-in>
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109
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110 <para>
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111 Задаёт <value>размер</value> буфера для каждого запроса,
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112 в который может сохраняться тело запроса
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113 до того, как оно начнёт обрабатываться.
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114 </para>
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115
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116 </directive>
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117
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118
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119 <directive name="http2_chunk_size">
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120 <syntax><value>размер</value></syntax>
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121 <default>8k</default>
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122 <context>http</context>
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123 <context>server</context>
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124 <context>location</context>
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125
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126 <para>
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127 Задаёт максимальный размер частей,
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128 на которое будет разделяться тело ответа.
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129 Слишком маленькое значение может привести к росту накладных расходов.
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130 Слишком большое значение может негативно сказаться на приоритизации из-за
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131 <link url="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head-of-line_blocking">
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132 блокировки очереди</link>.
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133 </para>
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134
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135 </directive>
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136
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137
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138 <directive name="http2_idle_timeout">
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139 <syntax><value>время</value></syntax>
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140 <default>3m</default>
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141 <context>http</context>
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142 <context>server</context>
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143
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144 <para>
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145 <note>
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146 Эта директива устарела начиная с версии 1.19.7.
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147 Вместо неё следует использовать директиву
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148 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="keepalive_timeout"/>.
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149 </note>
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150 </para>
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151
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152 <para>
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153 Задаёт таймаут неактивности, после которого соединение закрывается.
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154 </para>
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155
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156 </directive>
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157
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158
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159 <directive name="http2_max_concurrent_pushes">
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160 <syntax><value>число</value></syntax>
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161 <default>10</default>
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162 <context>http</context>
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163 <context>server</context>
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164 <appeared-in>1.13.9</appeared-in>
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165
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166 <para>
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167 <note>
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168 Эта директива устарела начиная с версии 1.25.1.
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169 </note>
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170 </para>
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171
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172 <para>
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173 Ограничивает максимальное число параллельных
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174 <link id="http2_push">push</link>-запросов в соединении.
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175 </para>
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176
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177 </directive>
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178
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179
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180 <directive name="http2_max_concurrent_streams">
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181 <syntax><value>число</value></syntax>
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182 <default>128</default>
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183 <context>http</context>
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184 <context>server</context>
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185
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186 <para>
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187 Задаёт максимальное число параллельных HTTP/2-потоков
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188 в соединении.
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189 </para>
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190
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191 </directive>
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192
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193
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194 <directive name="http2_max_field_size">
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195 <syntax><value>размер</value></syntax>
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196 <default>4k</default>
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197 <context>http</context>
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198 <context>server</context>
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199
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200 <para>
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201 <note>
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202 Эта директива устарела начиная с версии 1.19.7.
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203 Вместо неё следует использовать директиву
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204 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="large_client_header_buffers"/>.
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205 </note>
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206 </para>
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207
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208 <para>
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209 Ограничивает максимальный размер
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210 заголовка запроса, сжатого при помощи
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211 <link url="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7541">HPACK</link>.
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212 Ограничение применяется в равной степени как к имени, так и к значению.
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213 Если применяется кодирование Хаффмана,
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214 то фактический размер распакованных строк имени и значения может быть больше.
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215 Ограничение по умолчанию подходит для большинства запросов.
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216 </para>
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217
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218 </directive>
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219
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220
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221 <directive name="http2_max_header_size">
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222 <syntax><value>размер</value></syntax>
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223 <default>16k</default>
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224 <context>http</context>
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225 <context>server</context>
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226
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227 <para>
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228 <note>
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229 Эта директива устарела начиная с версии 1.19.7.
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230 Вместо неё следует использовать директиву
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231 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="large_client_header_buffers"/>.
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232 </note>
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233 </para>
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234
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235 <para>
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236 Ограничивает максимальный размер всего списка заголовков запроса после
2831
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237 распаковки <link url="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7541">HPACK</link>.
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238 Ограничение по умолчанию подходит для большинства запросов.
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239 </para>
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240
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241 </directive>
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242
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243
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244 <directive name="http2_max_requests">
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245 <syntax><value>число</value></syntax>
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246 <default>1000</default>
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247 <context>http</context>
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248 <context>server</context>
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249 <appeared-in>1.11.6</appeared-in>
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250
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251 <para>
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252 <note>
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253 Эта директива устарела начиная с версии 1.19.7.
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254 Вместо неё следует использовать директиву
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255 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="keepalive_requests"/>.
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256 </note>
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257 </para>
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258
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259 <para>
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260 Задаёт максимальное число запросов (включая
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261 <link id="http2_push">push</link>-запросы), которые можно
1834
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262 сделать по одному соединению HTTP/2,
2105
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diff changeset
263 после чего очередной клиентский запрос приведёт к закрытию соединения
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diff changeset
264 и необходимости установить новое соединение.
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265 </para>
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266
2450
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267 <para>
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268 Периодическое закрытие соединений необходимо для освобождения
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269 памяти, выделенной под конкретные соединения.
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270 Поэтому использование слишком большого максимального числа запросов
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271 может приводить к чрезмерному потреблению памяти и не рекомендуется.
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272 </para>
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273
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274 </directive>
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275
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276
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277 <directive name="http2_push">
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278 <syntax><value>uri</value> | <literal>off</literal></syntax>
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279 <default>off</default>
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280 <context>http</context>
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281 <context>server</context>
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282 <context>location</context>
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283 <appeared-in>1.13.9</appeared-in>
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284
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285 <para>
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286 <note>
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287 Эта директива устарела начиная с версии 1.25.1.
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288 </note>
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289 </para>
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290
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291 <para>
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292 Заблаговременно отправляет
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293 (<link url="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7540#section-8.2">push</link>) запрос
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294 к заданному <value>uri</value>
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295 вместе с ответом на оригинальный запрос.
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296 Будут обработаны только относительные URI с абсолютными путями,
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297 например:
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298 <example>
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299 http2_push /static/css/main.css;
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300 </example>
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301 В значении <value>uri</value> допустимо использование переменных.
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302 </para>
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303
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304 <para>
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305 На одном уровне конфигурации можно указать несколько
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306 <literal>http2_push</literal> директив.
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307 Параметр <literal>off</literal> отменяет действие
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308 унаследованных с предыдущего уровня конфигурации
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309 директив <literal>http2_push</literal>.
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310 </para>
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311
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312 </directive>
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313
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314
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315 <directive name="http2_push_preload">
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316 <syntax><literal>on</literal> | <literal>off</literal></syntax>
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317 <default>off</default>
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318 <context>http</context>
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319 <context>server</context>
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320 <context>location</context>
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321 <appeared-in>1.13.9</appeared-in>
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322
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323 <para>
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324 <note>
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325 Эта директива устарела начиная с версии 1.25.1.
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326 </note>
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327 </para>
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328
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329 <para>
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330 Разрешает автоматическое преобразование
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331 <link url="https://www.w3.org/TR/preload/#server-push-http-2">preload
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332 links</link>,
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333 указанных в полях <header>Link</header> заголовка ответа, в
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334 <link url="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7540#section-8.2">push</link>-запросы.
1834
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335 </para>
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336
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337 </directive>
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338
1d0811707e09 Documented the "http2_max_requests" directive.
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339
1667
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340 <directive name="http2_recv_buffer_size">
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341 <syntax><value>размер</value></syntax>
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342 <default>256k</default>
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343 <context>http</context>
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344
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345 <para>
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346 Задаёт размер входного буфера для
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347 <link doc="../ngx_core_module.xml" id="worker_processes">рабочего
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348 процесса</link>.
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349 </para>
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350
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351 </directive>
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352
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353
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354 <directive name="http2_recv_timeout">
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355 <syntax><value>время</value></syntax>
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356 <default>30s</default>
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357 <context>http</context>
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358 <context>server</context>
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359
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360 <para>
2654
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361 <note>
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362 Эта директива устарела начиная с версии 1.19.7.
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363 Вместо неё следует использовать директиву
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364 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="client_header_timeout"/>.
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365 </note>
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366 </para>
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367
d13341d3c54a Marked some directives as obsolete in HTTP/2.
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368 <para>
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369 Задаёт таймаут в случае, когда от клиента ожидаются ещё данные,
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370 после которого соединение закрывается.
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371 </para>
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372
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373 </directive>
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374
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375 </section>
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376
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377
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378 <section id="variables" name="Встроенные переменные">
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379
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380 <para>
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381 Модуль <literal>ngx_http_v2_module</literal>
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382 поддерживает следующие встроенные переменные:
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383 <list type="tag" compact="no">
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384
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385 <tag-name id="var_http2"><var>$http2</var></tag-name>
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386 <tag-desc>
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diff changeset
387 согласованный идентификатор протокола:
1667
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388 “<literal>h2</literal>” для HTTP/2 через TLS,
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389 “<literal>h2c</literal>” для HTTP/2 через незашифрованный TCP,
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390 либо пустая строка.
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391 </tag-desc>
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392
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393 </list>
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394 </para>
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395
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396 </section>
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397
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398 </module>