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annotate xml/ru/docs/http/ngx_http_v2_module.xml @ 2976:cbd963190c15

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Documented the http2 directive.
author Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
date Tue, 13 Jun 2023 16:04:45 +0100
parents 9a8d15333a58
children e4718be70b33
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1 <?xml version="1.0"?>
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2
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3 <!--
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4 Copyright (C) Nginx, Inc.
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5 -->
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6
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7 <!DOCTYPE module SYSTEM "../../../../dtd/module.dtd">
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8
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9 <module name="Модуль ngx_http_v2_module"
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10 link="/ru/docs/http/ngx_http_v2_module.html"
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11 lang="ru"
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12 rev="16">
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13
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14 <section id="summary">
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15
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16 <para>
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17 Модуль <literal>ngx_http_v2_module</literal> (1.9.5) обеспечивает
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18 поддержку
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19 <link url="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7540">HTTP/2</link>.
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20 </para>
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21
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22 <para>
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23 По умолчанию этот модуль не собирается, его сборку необходимо разрешить
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24 с помощью конфигурационного параметра
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25 <literal>--with-http_v2_module</literal>.
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26 </para>
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27
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28 </section>
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29
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30
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31 <section id="issues" name="Известные проблемы">
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32
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33 <para>
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34 До версии 1.9.14
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35 буферизация тела запроса клиента не могла быть запрещена
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36 независимо от
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37 значения директив
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38 <link doc="ngx_http_proxy_module.xml" id="proxy_request_buffering"/>,
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39 <link doc="ngx_http_fastcgi_module.xml" id="fastcgi_request_buffering"/>,
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40 <link doc="ngx_http_uwsgi_module.xml" id="uwsgi_request_buffering"/> и
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41 <link doc="ngx_http_scgi_module.xml" id="scgi_request_buffering"/>.
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42 </para>
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43
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44 <para>
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45 До версии 1.19.1
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46 механизм <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="lingering_close"/>
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47 не использовался в управлении закрытием HTTP/2-соединений.
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48 </para>
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49
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50 </section>
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51
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52
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53 <section id="example" name="Пример конфигурации">
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54
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55 <para>
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56 <example>
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57 server {
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58 listen 443 ssl;
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59
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60 http2 on;
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61
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62 ssl_certificate server.crt;
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63 ssl_certificate_key server.key;
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64 }
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65 </example>
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66 Чтобы принимать HTTP/2-соединения по TLS, необходимо
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67 наличие поддержки расширения “Application-Layer Protocol Negotiation” (ALPN)
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68 протокола TLS, появившейся в
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69 <link url="http://www.openssl.org">OpenSSL</link> версии 1.0.2.
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70 </para>
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71
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72 <para>
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73 Если
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74 директива <link doc="ngx_http_ssl_module.xml" id="ssl_prefer_server_ciphers"/>
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75 установлена в значение “<literal>on</literal>”,
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76 <link doc="ngx_http_ssl_module.xml" id="ssl_ciphers">шифры</link>
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77 должны быть настроены таким образом, чтобы соответствовать чёрному списку
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78 <link url="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7540#appendix-A">RFC 7540, Appendix A</link>,
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79 а также поддерживаться клиентами.
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80 </para>
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81
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82 </section>
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83
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84
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85 <section id="directives" name="Директивы">
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86
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87 <directive name="http2">
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88 <syntax><literal>on</literal> | <literal>off</literal></syntax>
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89 <default>off</default>
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90 <context>http</context>
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91 <context>server</context>
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92 <appeared-in>1.25.1</appeared-in>
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93
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94 <para>
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95 Разрешает
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96 протокол
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97 <link url="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc9113">HTTP/2</link>.
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98 </para>
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99
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100 </directive>
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101
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102
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103 <directive name="http2_body_preread_size">
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104 <syntax><value>размер</value></syntax>
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105 <default>64k</default>
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106 <context>http</context>
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107 <context>server</context>
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108 <appeared-in>1.11.0</appeared-in>
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109
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110 <para>
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111 Задаёт <value>размер</value> буфера для каждого запроса,
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112 в который может сохраняться тело запроса
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113 до того, как оно начнёт обрабатываться.
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114 </para>
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115
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116 </directive>
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117
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118
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119 <directive name="http2_chunk_size">
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120 <syntax><value>размер</value></syntax>
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121 <default>8k</default>
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122 <context>http</context>
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123 <context>server</context>
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124 <context>location</context>
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125
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126 <para>
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127 Задаёт максимальный размер частей,
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128 на которое будет разделяться тело ответа.
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129 Слишком маленькое значение может привести к росту накладных расходов.
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130 Слишком большое значение может негативно сказаться на приоритизации из-за
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131 <link url="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head-of-line_blocking">
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132 блокировки очереди</link>.
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133 </para>
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134
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135 </directive>
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136
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137
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138 <directive name="http2_idle_timeout">
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139 <syntax><value>время</value></syntax>
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140 <default>3m</default>
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141 <context>http</context>
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142 <context>server</context>
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143
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144 <para>
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145 <note>
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146 Эта директива устарела начиная с версии 1.19.7.
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147 Вместо неё следует использовать директиву
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148 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="keepalive_timeout"/>.
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149 </note>
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150 </para>
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151
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152 <para>
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153 Задаёт таймаут неактивности, после которого соединение закрывается.
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154 </para>
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155
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156 </directive>
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157
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158
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159 <directive name="http2_max_concurrent_pushes">
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160 <syntax><value>число</value></syntax>
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161 <default>10</default>
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162 <context>http</context>
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163 <context>server</context>
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164 <appeared-in>1.13.9</appeared-in>
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165
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166 <para>
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167 Ограничивает максимальное число параллельных
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168 <link id="http2_push">push</link>-запросов в соединении.
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169 </para>
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170
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171 </directive>
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172
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173
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174 <directive name="http2_max_concurrent_streams">
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175 <syntax><value>число</value></syntax>
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176 <default>128</default>
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177 <context>http</context>
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178 <context>server</context>
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179
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180 <para>
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181 Задаёт максимальное число параллельных HTTP/2-потоков
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182 в соединении.
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183 </para>
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184
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185 </directive>
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186
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187
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188 <directive name="http2_max_field_size">
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189 <syntax><value>размер</value></syntax>
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190 <default>4k</default>
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191 <context>http</context>
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192 <context>server</context>
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193
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194 <para>
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195 <note>
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196 Эта директива устарела начиная с версии 1.19.7.
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197 Вместо неё следует использовать директиву
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198 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="large_client_header_buffers"/>.
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199 </note>
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200 </para>
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201
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202 <para>
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203 Ограничивает максимальный размер
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204 заголовка запроса, сжатого при помощи
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205 <link url="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7541">HPACK</link>.
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206 Ограничение применяется в равной степени как к имени, так и к значению.
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207 Если применяется кодирование Хаффмана,
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208 то фактический размер распакованных строк имени и значения может быть больше.
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209 Ограничение по умолчанию подходит для большинства запросов.
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210 </para>
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211
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212 </directive>
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213
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214
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215 <directive name="http2_max_header_size">
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216 <syntax><value>размер</value></syntax>
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217 <default>16k</default>
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218 <context>http</context>
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219 <context>server</context>
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220
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221 <para>
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222 <note>
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223 Эта директива устарела начиная с версии 1.19.7.
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224 Вместо неё следует использовать директиву
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225 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="large_client_header_buffers"/>.
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226 </note>
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227 </para>
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228
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229 <para>
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230 Ограничивает максимальный размер всего списка заголовков запроса после
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231 распаковки <link url="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7541">HPACK</link>.
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232 Ограничение по умолчанию подходит для большинства запросов.
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233 </para>
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234
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235 </directive>
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236
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237
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238 <directive name="http2_max_requests">
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239 <syntax><value>число</value></syntax>
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240 <default>1000</default>
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241 <context>http</context>
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242 <context>server</context>
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243 <appeared-in>1.11.6</appeared-in>
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244
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245 <para>
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246 <note>
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247 Эта директива устарела начиная с версии 1.19.7.
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248 Вместо неё следует использовать директиву
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249 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="keepalive_requests"/>.
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250 </note>
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251 </para>
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252
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253 <para>
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254 Задаёт максимальное число запросов (включая
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255 <link id="http2_push">push</link>-запросы), которые можно
1834
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256 сделать по одному соединению HTTP/2,
2105
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257 после чего очередной клиентский запрос приведёт к закрытию соединения
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258 и необходимости установить новое соединение.
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259 </para>
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260
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261 <para>
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262 Периодическое закрытие соединений необходимо для освобождения
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263 памяти, выделенной под конкретные соединения.
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264 Поэтому использование слишком большого максимального числа запросов
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265 может приводить к чрезмерному потреблению памяти и не рекомендуется.
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266 </para>
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267
2105
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268 </directive>
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269
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270
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271 <directive name="http2_push">
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272 <syntax><value>uri</value> | <literal>off</literal></syntax>
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273 <default>off</default>
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274 <context>http</context>
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275 <context>server</context>
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276 <context>location</context>
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277 <appeared-in>1.13.9</appeared-in>
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278
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279 <para>
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280 Заблаговременно отправляет
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281 (<link url="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7540#section-8.2">push</link>) запрос
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282 к заданному <value>uri</value>
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283 вместе с ответом на оригинальный запрос.
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284 Будут обработаны только относительные URI с абсолютными путями,
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285 например:
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286 <example>
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287 http2_push /static/css/main.css;
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288 </example>
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289 В значении <value>uri</value> допустимо использование переменных.
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290 </para>
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291
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292 <para>
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293 На одном уровне конфигурации можно указать несколько
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294 <literal>http2_push</literal> директив.
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295 Параметр <literal>off</literal> отменяет действие
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296 унаследованных с предыдущего уровня конфигурации
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297 директив <literal>http2_push</literal>.
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298 </para>
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299
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300 </directive>
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301
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302
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303 <directive name="http2_push_preload">
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304 <syntax><literal>on</literal> | <literal>off</literal></syntax>
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305 <default>off</default>
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306 <context>http</context>
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307 <context>server</context>
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308 <context>location</context>
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309 <appeared-in>1.13.9</appeared-in>
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310
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311 <para>
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312 Разрешает автоматическое преобразование
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313 <link url="https://www.w3.org/TR/preload/#server-push-http-2">preload
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314 links</link>,
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315 указанных в полях <header>Link</header> заголовка ответа, в
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316 <link url="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7540#section-8.2">push</link>-запросы.
1834
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317 </para>
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318
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319 </directive>
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320
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321
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322 <directive name="http2_recv_buffer_size">
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323 <syntax><value>размер</value></syntax>
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324 <default>256k</default>
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325 <context>http</context>
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326
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327 <para>
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328 Задаёт размер входного буфера для
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329 <link doc="../ngx_core_module.xml" id="worker_processes">рабочего
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330 процесса</link>.
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331 </para>
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332
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333 </directive>
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334
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335
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336 <directive name="http2_recv_timeout">
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337 <syntax><value>время</value></syntax>
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338 <default>30s</default>
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339 <context>http</context>
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340 <context>server</context>
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341
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342 <para>
2654
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343 <note>
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344 Эта директива устарела начиная с версии 1.19.7.
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345 Вместо неё следует использовать директиву
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346 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="client_header_timeout"/>.
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347 </note>
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348 </para>
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349
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350 <para>
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351 Задаёт таймаут в случае, когда от клиента ожидаются ещё данные,
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352 после которого соединение закрывается.
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353 </para>
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354
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355 </directive>
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356
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357 </section>
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358
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359
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360 <section id="variables" name="Встроенные переменные">
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361
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362 <para>
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363 Модуль <literal>ngx_http_v2_module</literal>
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364 поддерживает следующие встроенные переменные:
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365 <list type="tag" compact="no">
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366
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367 <tag-name id="var_http2"><var>$http2</var></tag-name>
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368 <tag-desc>
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369 согласованный идентификатор протокола:
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370 “<literal>h2</literal>” для HTTP/2 через TLS,
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371 “<literal>h2c</literal>” для HTTP/2 через незашифрованный TCP,
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372 либо пустая строка.
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373 </tag-desc>
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374
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375 </list>
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376 </para>
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377
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378 </section>
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379
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380 </module>