Mercurial > hg > nginx-site
annotate xml/ru/linux_packages.xml @ 1378:6bfd39dc48c5
NGINX Plus EC2 documentation was moved to nginx.com.
Removed the page sources and fixed links to point to current location where applicable.
author | Konstantin Pavlov <thresh@nginx.com> |
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date | Thu, 18 Dec 2014 14:32:53 +0300 |
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1 <!-- |
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2 Copyright (C) Nginx, Inc. |
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3 --> |
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4 |
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5 <!DOCTYPE article SYSTEM "../../dtd/article.dtd"> |
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6 |
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7 <article name="nginx: пакеты для Linux" |
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8 link="/ru/linux_packages.html" |
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9 lang="ru" |
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10 rev="10" |
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11 toc="no"> |
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12 |
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13 <section id="distributions"> |
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14 |
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15 <para> |
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16 В данный момент доступны готовые пакеты для следующих дистрибутивов и их |
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17 версий: |
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18 </para> |
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19 |
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20 <para> |
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21 RHEL/CentOS: |
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22 |
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23 <table note="yes"> |
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24 |
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25 <tr> |
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26 <td width="20%">Версия</td> |
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27 </tr> |
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28 |
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29 <tr> |
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30 <td width="20%">5.x</td> |
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31 </tr> |
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32 |
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33 <tr> |
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34 <td width="20%">6.x</td> |
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35 </tr> |
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36 |
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37 <tr> |
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38 <td width="20%">7.x</td> |
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39 </tr> |
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40 |
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41 </table> |
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42 </para> |
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43 |
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44 <para> |
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45 Debian: |
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46 |
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47 <table note="yes"> |
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48 |
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49 <tr> |
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50 <td width="20%">Версия</td> |
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51 <td>Кодовое имя</td> |
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52 </tr> |
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53 |
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54 <tr> |
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55 <td width="20%">6.x</td> |
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56 <td>squeeze</td> |
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57 </tr> |
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58 |
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59 <tr> |
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60 <td width="20%">7.x</td> |
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61 <td>wheezy</td> |
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62 </tr> |
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63 |
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64 </table> |
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65 </para> |
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66 |
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67 <para> |
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68 Ubuntu: |
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69 |
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70 <table note="yes"> |
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71 |
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72 <tr> |
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73 <td width="20%">версия</td> |
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74 <td>Кодовое имя</td> |
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75 </tr> |
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76 |
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77 <tr> |
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78 <td width="20%">10.04</td> |
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79 <td>lucid</td> |
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80 </tr> |
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81 |
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82 <tr> |
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83 <td width="20%">12.04</td> |
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84 <td>precise</td> |
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85 </tr> |
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86 |
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87 <tr> |
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88 <td width="20%">14.04</td> |
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89 <td>trusty</td> |
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90 </tr> |
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91 |
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92 <tr> |
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93 <td width="20%">14.10</td> |
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94 <td>utopic</td> |
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95 </tr> |
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96 |
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97 </table> |
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98 </para> |
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99 |
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100 <para> |
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101 SLES: |
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102 |
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103 <table note="yes"> |
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104 <tr> |
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105 <td width="20%">Версия</td> |
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106 </tr> |
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107 |
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108 <tr> |
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109 <td width="20%">12</td> |
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110 </tr> |
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111 |
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112 </table> |
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113 </para> |
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114 |
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115 <para> |
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116 Чтобы включить автоматическое обновление пакетов для Linux, |
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117 настройте репозиторий yum для дистрибутивов RHEL/CentOS, |
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118 репозиторий apt для дистрибутивов Debian/Ubuntu, |
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119 или репозиторий zypper для SLES. |
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120 </para> |
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121 |
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122 </section> |
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123 |
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124 |
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125 <section name="Готовые пакеты стабильной версии" id="stable"> |
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126 |
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127 <para> |
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128 Для настройки репозитория yum для RHEL/CentOS выберите из списка |
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129 соответствующий пакет <literal>nginx-release</literal>: |
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130 |
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131 <list type="bullet"> |
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132 |
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133 <listitem> |
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134 <link url="http://nginx.org/packages/rhel/5/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-rhel-5-0.el5.ngx.noarch.rpm">RHEL 5</link> |
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135 </listitem> |
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136 |
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137 <listitem> |
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138 <link url="http://nginx.org/packages/rhel/6/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-rhel-6-0.el6.ngx.noarch.rpm">RHEL 6</link> |
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139 </listitem> |
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140 |
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141 <listitem> |
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142 <link url="http://nginx.org/packages/rhel/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-rhel-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm">RHEL 7</link> |
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143 </listitem> |
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144 |
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145 <listitem> |
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146 <link url="http://nginx.org/packages/centos/5/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-5-0.el5.ngx.noarch.rpm">CentOS 5</link> |
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147 </listitem> |
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148 |
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149 <listitem> |
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150 <link url="http://nginx.org/packages/centos/6/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-6-0.el6.ngx.noarch.rpm">CentOS 6</link> |
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151 </listitem> |
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152 |
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153 <listitem> |
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154 <link url="http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm">CentOS 7</link> |
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155 </listitem> |
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156 |
882
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157 </list> |
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158 |
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159 Пакет содержит конфигурационный файл для yum и публичный PGP-ключ, |
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160 необходимый для проверки подлинности подписи RPM-пакетов. |
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161 Загрузите и установите его, затем выполните команду: |
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162 <programlisting> |
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163 yum install nginx |
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164 </programlisting> |
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165 |
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166 Кроме того, конфигурацию репозитория можно добавить вручную |
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167 без установки пакета <literal>nginx-release</literal>. |
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168 Создайте файл с именем <path>/etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo</path> |
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169 и таким содержимым: |
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170 |
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171 <programlisting> |
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172 [nginx] |
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173 name=nginx repo |
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174 baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/OS/OSRELEASE/$basearch/ |
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175 gpgcheck=0 |
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176 enabled=1 |
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177 </programlisting> |
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178 |
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179 Замените “<literal>OS</literal>” на “<literal>rhel</literal>” или |
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180 “<literal>centos</literal>”, |
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181 в зависимости от используемого дистрибутива, а “<literal>OSRELEASE</literal>” |
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182 на “<literal>5</literal>”, “<literal>6</literal>” или “<literal>7</literal>”, |
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183 для, соответственно, 5.x, 6.x или 7.x версий. |
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184 </para> |
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185 |
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186 <para> |
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187 Для Debian/Ubuntu, для проверки подлинности подписи репозитория nginx, |
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188 и чтобы избавиться от предупреждений об отсутствующем PGP-ключе во время |
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189 установки пакета nginx, необходимо добавить ключ, которым были подписаны |
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190 пакеты и репозиторий nginx, в связку ключей программы <command>apt</command>. |
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191 Загрузите <link url="http://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key">этот |
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192 ключ</link> с нашего веб-сайта и добавьте его в связку ключей программы |
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193 <command>apt</command>, выполнив команду: |
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194 <programlisting> |
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195 sudo apt-key add nginx_signing.key |
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196 </programlisting> |
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197 </para> |
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198 |
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199 <para> |
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200 Для Debian замените <i>codename</i> на |
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201 <link id="distributions">кодовое имя</link> дистрибутива, |
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202 и добавьте в конец файла <path>/etc/apt/sources.list</path> |
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203 следующее: |
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204 |
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205 <programlisting> |
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206 deb http://nginx.org/packages/debian/ <i>codename</i> nginx |
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207 deb-src http://nginx.org/packages/debian/ <i>codename</i> nginx |
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208 </programlisting> |
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209 </para> |
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210 |
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211 <para> |
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212 Для Ubuntu замените <i>codename</i> на |
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213 <link id="distributions">кодовое имя</link> дистрибутива, |
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214 и добавьте в конец файла <path>/etc/apt/sources.list</path> |
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215 следующее: |
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216 |
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217 <programlisting> |
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218 deb http://nginx.org/packages/ubuntu/ <i>codename</i> nginx |
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219 deb-src http://nginx.org/packages/ubuntu/ <i>codename</i> nginx |
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220 </programlisting> |
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221 </para> |
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222 |
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223 <para> |
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224 Для Debian/Ubuntu затем выполните команды: |
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225 <programlisting> |
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226 apt-get update |
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227 apt-get install nginx |
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228 </programlisting> |
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229 </para> |
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230 |
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231 <para> |
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232 Для SLES выполните команду: |
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233 <programlisting> |
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234 zypper addrepo -G -t yum -c 'http://nginx.org/packages/sles/12' nginx |
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235 </programlisting> |
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236 </para> |
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237 |
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238 </section> |
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239 |
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240 |
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241 <section name="Готовые пакеты mainline-версии" id="mainline"> |
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242 |
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243 <para> |
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244 Для настройки репозитория yum для RHEL/CentOS необходимо |
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245 создать файл с именем <path>/etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo</path> |
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246 и таким содержимым: |
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247 |
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248 <programlisting> |
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249 [nginx] |
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250 name=nginx repo |
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251 baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/OS/OSRELEASE/$basearch/ |
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252 gpgcheck=0 |
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253 enabled=1 |
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254 </programlisting> |
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255 |
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256 Замените “<literal>OS</literal>” на “<literal>rhel</literal>” или |
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257 “<literal>centos</literal>”, |
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258 в зависимости от используемого дистрибутива, а “<literal>OSRELEASE</literal>” |
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259 на “<literal>5</literal>”, “<literal>6</literal>” или “<literal>7</literal>”, |
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260 для, соответственно, 5.x, 6.x или 7.x версий. |
882
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261 </para> |
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262 |
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263 <para> |
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264 Для Debian/Ubuntu, для проверки подлинности подписи репозитория nginx, |
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265 и чтобы избавиться от предупреждений об отсутствующем PGP-ключе во время |
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266 установки пакета nginx, необходимо добавить ключ, которым были подписаны |
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267 пакеты и репозиторий nginx, в связку ключей программы <command>apt</command>. |
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268 Загрузите <link url="http://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key">этот |
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269 ключ</link> с нашего веб-сайта и добавьте его в связку ключей программы |
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270 <command>apt</command>, выполнив команду: |
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271 <programlisting> |
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272 sudo apt-key add nginx_signing.key |
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273 </programlisting> |
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274 </para> |
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275 |
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276 <para> |
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277 Для Debian замените <i>codename</i> на |
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278 <link id="distributions">кодовое имя</link> дистрибутива, |
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279 и добавьте в конец файла <path>/etc/apt/sources.list</path> |
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280 следующее: |
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281 |
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282 <programlisting> |
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283 deb http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/debian/ <i>codename</i> nginx |
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284 deb-src http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/debian/ <i>codename</i> nginx |
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285 </programlisting> |
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286 </para> |
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287 |
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288 <para> |
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289 Для Ubuntu замените <i>codename</i> на |
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290 <link id="distributions">кодовое имя</link> дистрибутива, |
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291 и добавьте в конец файла <path>/etc/apt/sources.list</path> |
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292 следующее: |
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293 |
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294 <programlisting> |
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295 deb http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/ubuntu/ <i>codename</i> nginx |
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296 deb-src http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/ubuntu/ <i>codename</i> nginx |
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297 </programlisting> |
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298 </para> |
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299 |
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300 <para> |
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301 Для Debian/Ubuntu затем выполните команды: |
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302 <programlisting> |
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303 apt-get update |
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304 apt-get install nginx |
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305 </programlisting> |
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306 </para> |
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307 |
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308 <para> |
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309 Для SLES выполните команду: |
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310 <programlisting> |
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311 zypper addrepo -G -t yum -c 'http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/sles/12' nginx |
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312 </programlisting> |
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313 </para> |
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314 |
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315 </section> |
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316 |
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317 |
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318 <section name="Подписи" id="signatures"> |
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319 |
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320 <para> |
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321 Для проверки целостности и происхождения загруженного пакета |
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322 и в случае RPM, и в случае репозиториев Debian/Ubuntu используется |
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323 цифровая подпись. |
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324 Для проверки подписи необходимо загрузить |
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325 <link url="http://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key">этот ключ</link> |
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326 и импортировать его в связку ключей программы <command>rpm</command> |
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327 или <command>apt</command>: |
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328 |
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329 <list type="bullet"> |
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330 |
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331 <listitem> |
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332 Для Debian/Ubuntu: |
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333 <programlisting>sudo apt-key add nginx_signing.key</programlisting> |
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334 </listitem> |
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335 |
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336 <listitem> |
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337 Для RHEL/CentOS: |
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338 <programlisting>sudo rpm --import nginx_signing.key</programlisting> |
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339 </listitem> |
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340 |
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341 <listitem> |
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342 Для SLES: |
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343 <programlisting>sudo rpm --import nginx_signing.key</programlisting> |
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344 </listitem> |
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345 |
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346 </list> |
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347 </para> |
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348 |
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349 <para> |
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350 В Debian/Ubuntu/SLES подпись проверяется по умолчанию, однако |
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351 в RHEL/CentOS необходимо добавить |
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352 <programlisting>gpgcheck=1</programlisting> в файл |
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353 <path>/etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo</path>. |
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354 </para> |
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355 |
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356 <para> |
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357 Поскольку наши <link doc="../en/pgp_keys.xml">PGP-ключи</link> |
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358 находятся на том же сервере, что и пакеты, |
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359 им следует доверять в равной степени. |
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360 Поэтому мы настоятельно рекомендуем дополнительно проверить |
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361 подлинность загруженных PGP-ключей. |
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362 В PGP есть понятие “сети доверия”, |
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363 когда ключ подписывается чьим-либо другим ключом, |
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364 тот в свою очередь третьим, и т.д. |
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365 Это зачастую позволяет построить цепочку от произвольного ключа |
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366 до ключа человека, которого вы знаете и кому доверяете лично, |
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367 и таким образом удостовериться в подлинности первого ключа в цепочке. |
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368 Подробно эта концепция описана в |
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369 <link url="http://www.dewinter.com/gnupg_howto/english/GPGMiniHowto-1.html"> |
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370 GPG Mini Howto</link>. |
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371 У наших ключей есть достаточное количество подписей, |
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372 поэтому проверить их подлинность относительно несложно. |
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373 </para> |
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374 |
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375 </section> |
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376 |
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377 </article> |