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annotate xml/ru/docs/http/ngx_http_charset_module.xml @ 506:657848837328

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Documented how nginx processes proxied server's response header fields (X-Accel-*, Expires, Cache-Control, Set-Cookie) that can be ignored.
author Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
date Tue, 24 Apr 2012 07:32:41 +0000
parents a4fa80755eab
children 694db9597ee0
Ignore whitespace changes - Everywhere: Within whitespace: At end of lines:
rev   line source
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bfe3eff81d04 Removed redundant encoding specification.
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1 <?xml version="1.0"?>
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2
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3 <!DOCTYPE module SYSTEM "../../../../dtd/module.dtd">
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4
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5 <module name="Модуль ngx_http_charset_module"
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6 link="/ru/docs/http/ngx_http_charset_module.html"
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7 lang="ru">
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8
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9 <section id="summary">
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10
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11 <para>
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12 Модуль <literal>ngx_http_charset_module</literal> добавляет указанную
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13 кодировку в поле <header>Content-Type</header> заголовка ответа.
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14 Кроме того, модуль может перекодировать данные из одной кодировки в другую
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15 с некоторыми ограничениями:
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16 <list type="bullet">
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17
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18 <listitem>
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19 перекодирование осуществляется только в одну сторону — от сервера к клиенту,
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20 </listitem>
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21
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22 <listitem>
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23 перекодироваться могут только однобайтные кодировки
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24 </listitem>
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25
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26 <listitem>
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27 или однобайтные кодировки в UTF-8 и обратно.
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28 </listitem>
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29
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30 </list>
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31 </para>
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32
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33 </section>
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34
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35
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36 <section id="example" name="Пример конфигурации">
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37
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38 <para>
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39 <example>
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40 include conf/koi-win;
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41
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42 charset windows-1251;
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43 source_charset koi8-r;
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44 </example>
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45 </para>
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46
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47 </section>
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48
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49
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50 <section id="directives" name="Директивы">
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51
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52 <directive name="charset">
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53 <syntax><value>кодировка</value> | <literal>off</literal></syntax>
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54 <default>off</default>
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55 <context>http</context>
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56 <context>server</context>
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57 <context>location</context>
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58 <context>if в location</context>
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59
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60 <para>
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61 Добавляет указанную кодировку в поле <header>Content-Type</header>
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62 заголовка ответа.
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63 Если эта кодировка отличается от указанной в директиве
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64 <link id="source_charset"/>, то выполняется перекодирование.
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65 </para>
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66
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67 <para>
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68 Параметр <literal>off</literal> отменяет добавление кодировки
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69 в поле <header>Content-Type</header> заголовка ответа.
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70 </para>
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71
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72 <para>
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73 Кодировка может быть задана с помощью переменной:
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74 <example>
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75 charset $charset;
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76 </example>
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77 В этом случае необходимо, чтобы все возможные значения переменной
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78 присутствовали хотя бы один раз в любом месте конфигурации в виде
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79 директив <link id="charset_map"/>, <link id="charset"/> или
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80 <link id="source_charset"/>.
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81 Для кодировок <literal>utf-8</literal>, <literal>windows-1251</literal>
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82 и <literal>koi8-r</literal> для этого достаточно включить в конфигурацию
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83 файлы <path>conf/koi-win</path>, <path>conf/koi-utf</path> и
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84 <path>conf/win-utf</path>.
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85 Для других кодировок можно просто сделать фиктивную таблицу перекодировки,
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86 например:
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87 <example>
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88 charset_map iso-8859-5 _ { }
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89 </example>
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90 </para>
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91
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92 <para>
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93 Кроме того, кодировка может быть задана в поле <header>X-Accel-Charset</header>
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94 заголовка ответа.
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95 Эту возможность можно запретить с помощью директив
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96 <link doc="ngx_http_proxy_module.xml" id="proxy_ignore_headers"/>
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97 и
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98 <link doc="ngx_http_fastcgi_module.xml" id="fastcgi_ignore_headers"/>.
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99 </para>
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100
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101 </directive>
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102
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103
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104 <directive name="charset_map">
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105 <syntax block="yes"><value>кодировка1</value> <value>кодировка2</value></syntax>
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106 <default/>
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107 <context>http</context>
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108
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109 <para>
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110 Описывает таблицу перекодирования из одной кодировки в другую.
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111 Таблица для обратного перекодирования строится на основании тех же данных.
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112 Коды символов задаются в шестнадцатеричном виде.
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113 Неописанные символы в пределах 80-FF заменяются на “<literal>?</literal>”.
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114 При перекодировании из UTF-8 символы, отсутствующие в однобайтной кодировке,
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115 заменяются на “<literal>&amp;#XXXX;</literal>”.
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116 </para>
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117
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118 <para>
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119 Пример:
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120 <example>
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121 charset_map koi8-r windows-1251 {
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122 C0 FE ; # small yu
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123 C1 E0 ; # small a
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124 C2 E1 ; # small b
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125 C3 F6 ; # small ts
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126 ...
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127 }
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128 </example>
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129 </para>
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130
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131 <para>
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132 При описании таблицы перекодирования в UTF-8, коды кодировки UTF-8 должны
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133 быть указаны во второй колонке, например:
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134 <example>
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135 charset_map koi8-r utf-8 {
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136 C0 D18E ; # small yu
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137 C1 D0B0 ; # small a
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138 C2 D0B1 ; # small b
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139 C3 D186 ; # small ts
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140 ...
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141 }
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142 </example>
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143 </para>
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144
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145 <para>
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146 Полные таблицы преобразования из <literal>koi8-r</literal> в
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147 <literal>windows-1251</literal> и из <literal>koi8-r</literal> и
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148 <literal>windows-1251</literal> в <literal>utf-8</literal>
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149 входят в дистрибутив и находятся в файлах <path>conf/koi-win</path>,
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150 <path>conf/koi-utf</path> и <path>conf/win-utf</path>.
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151 </para>
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152
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153 </directive>
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154
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155
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156 <directive name="charset_types">
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157 <syntax><value>mime-тип</value> ...</syntax>
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158 <default>text/html text/xml text/plain text/vnd.wap.wml
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159 application/x-javascript application/rss+xml</default>
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160 <context>http</context>
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161 <context>server</context>
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162 <context>location</context>
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163 <appeared-in>0.7.9</appeared-in>
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164
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165 <para>
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166 Разрешает работу модуля в ответах с указанными MIME-типами
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167 в дополнение к “<literal>text/html</literal>”.
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168 </para>
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169
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170 </directive>
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171
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172
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173 <directive name="override_charset">
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174 <syntax><literal>on</literal> | <literal>off</literal></syntax>
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175 <default>off</default>
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176 <context>http</context>
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177 <context>server</context>
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178 <context>location</context>
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179 <context>if в location</context>
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180
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181 <para>
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182 Определяет, выполнять ли перекодирование для ответов,
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183 полученных от проксированного сервера или от FastCGI-сервера,
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184 если в ответах уже указана кодировка в поле <header>Content-Type</header>
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185 заголовка ответа.
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186 Если перекодирование разрешено, то в качестве исходной кодировки
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187 используется кодировка, указанная в полученном ответе.
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188 <note>
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189 Необходимо отметить, что если ответ был получен в подзапросе,
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190 то, независимо от значения директивы <literal>override_charset</literal>,
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191 всегда выполняется перекодирование из кодировки ответа в кодировку
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192 основного запроса.
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193 </note>
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194 </para>
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195
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196 </directive>
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197
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198
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199 <directive name="source_charset">
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200 <syntax><value>кодировка</value></syntax>
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201 <default/>
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202 <context>http</context>
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203 <context>server</context>
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204 <context>location</context>
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205 <context>if в location</context>
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206
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207 <para>
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208 Задаёт исходную кодировку ответа.
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209 Если эта кодировка отличается от указанной в директиве
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210 <link id="charset"/>, то выполняется перекодирование.
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211 </para>
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212
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213 </directive>
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214
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215 </section>
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216
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217 </module>