Mercurial > hg > nginx-site
annotate xml/ru/linux_packages.xml @ 1340:1b72be4562b3
Regenerated.
author | Maxim Konovalov <maxim@nginx.com> |
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date | Sat, 25 Oct 2014 00:39:06 +0000 |
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1 <!-- |
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2 Copyright (C) Nginx, Inc. |
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3 --> |
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4 |
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5 <!DOCTYPE article SYSTEM "../../dtd/article.dtd"> |
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6 |
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7 <article name="nginx: пакеты для Linux" |
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8 link="/ru/linux_packages.html" |
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9 lang="ru" |
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10 rev="8" |
882
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11 toc="no"> |
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12 |
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13 <section id="distributions"> |
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14 |
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15 <para> |
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16 В данный момент доступны готовые пакеты для следующих дистрибутивов и их |
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17 версий: |
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18 </para> |
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19 |
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20 <para> |
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21 RHEL/CentOS: |
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22 |
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23 <table note="yes"> |
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24 |
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25 <tr> |
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26 <td width="20%">Версия</td> |
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27 </tr> |
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28 |
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29 <tr> |
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30 <td width="20%">5.x</td> |
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31 </tr> |
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32 |
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33 <tr> |
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34 <td width="20%">6.x</td> |
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35 </tr> |
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36 |
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37 <tr> |
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38 <td width="20%">7.x</td> |
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39 </tr> |
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40 |
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41 </table> |
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42 </para> |
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43 |
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44 <para> |
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45 Debian: |
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46 |
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47 <table note="yes"> |
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48 |
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49 <tr> |
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50 <td width="20%">Версия</td> |
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51 <td>Кодовое имя</td> |
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52 </tr> |
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53 |
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54 <tr> |
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55 <td width="20%">6.x</td> |
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56 <td>squeeze</td> |
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57 </tr> |
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58 |
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59 <tr> |
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60 <td width="20%">7.x</td> |
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61 <td>wheezy</td> |
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62 </tr> |
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63 |
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64 </table> |
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65 </para> |
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66 |
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67 <para> |
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68 Ubuntu: |
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69 |
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70 <table note="yes"> |
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71 |
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72 <tr> |
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73 <td width="20%">версия</td> |
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74 <td>Кодовое имя</td> |
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75 </tr> |
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76 |
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77 <tr> |
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78 <td width="20%">10.04</td> |
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79 <td>lucid</td> |
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80 </tr> |
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81 |
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82 <tr> |
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83 <td width="20%">12.04</td> |
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84 <td>precise</td> |
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85 </tr> |
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86 |
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87 <tr> |
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88 <td width="20%">14.04</td> |
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89 <td>trusty</td> |
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90 </tr> |
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91 |
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92 </table> |
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93 </para> |
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94 |
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95 <para> |
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96 Чтобы включить автоматическое обновление пакетов для Linux, |
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97 настройте репозиторий yum для дистрибутивов RHEL/CentOS, |
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98 или репозиторий apt для дистрибутивов Debian/Ubuntu. |
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99 </para> |
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100 |
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101 </section> |
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102 |
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103 |
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104 <section name="Готовые пакеты стабильной версии" id="stable"> |
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105 |
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106 <para> |
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107 Для настройки репозитория yum для RHEL/CentOS выберите из списка |
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108 соответствующий пакет <literal>nginx-release</literal>: |
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109 |
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110 <list type="bullet"> |
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111 |
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112 <listitem> |
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113 <link url="http://nginx.org/packages/rhel/5/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-rhel-5-0.el5.ngx.noarch.rpm">RHEL 5</link> |
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114 </listitem> |
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115 |
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116 <listitem> |
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117 <link url="http://nginx.org/packages/rhel/6/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-rhel-6-0.el6.ngx.noarch.rpm">RHEL 6</link> |
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118 </listitem> |
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119 |
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120 <listitem> |
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121 <link url="http://nginx.org/packages/rhel/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-rhel-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm">RHEL 7</link> |
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122 </listitem> |
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123 |
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124 <listitem> |
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125 <link url="http://nginx.org/packages/centos/5/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-5-0.el5.ngx.noarch.rpm">CentOS 5</link> |
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126 </listitem> |
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127 |
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128 <listitem> |
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129 <link url="http://nginx.org/packages/centos/6/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-6-0.el6.ngx.noarch.rpm">CentOS 6</link> |
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130 </listitem> |
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131 |
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132 <listitem> |
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133 <link url="http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm">CentOS 7</link> |
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134 </listitem> |
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135 |
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136 </list> |
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137 |
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138 Пакет содержит конфигурационный файл для yum и публичный PGP-ключ, |
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139 необходимый для проверки подлинности подписи RPM-пакетов. |
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140 Загрузите и установите его, затем выполните команду: |
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141 <programlisting> |
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142 yum install nginx |
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143 </programlisting> |
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144 |
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145 Кроме того, конфигурацию репозитория можно добавить вручную |
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146 без установки пакета <literal>nginx-release</literal>. |
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147 Создайте файл с именем <path>/etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo</path> |
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148 и таким содержимым: |
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149 |
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150 <programlisting> |
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151 [nginx] |
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152 name=nginx repo |
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153 baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/OS/OSRELEASE/$basearch/ |
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154 gpgcheck=0 |
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155 enabled=1 |
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156 </programlisting> |
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157 |
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158 Замените “<literal>OS</literal>” на “<literal>rhel</literal>” или |
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159 “<literal>centos</literal>”, |
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160 в зависимости от используемого дистрибутива, а “<literal>OSRELEASE</literal>” |
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161 на “<literal>5</literal>”, “<literal>6</literal>” или “<literal>7</literal>”, |
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162 для, соответственно, 5.x, 6.x или 7.x версий. |
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163 </para> |
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164 |
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165 <para> |
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166 Для Debian/Ubuntu, для проверки подлинности подписи репозитория nginx, |
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167 и чтобы избавиться от предупреждений об отсутствующем PGP-ключе во время |
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168 установки пакета nginx, необходимо добавить ключ, которым были подписаны |
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169 пакеты и репозиторий nginx, в связку ключей программы <command>apt</command>. |
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170 Загрузите <link url="http://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key">этот |
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171 ключ</link> с нашего веб-сайта и добавьте его в связку ключей программы |
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172 <command>apt</command>, выполнив команду: |
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173 <programlisting> |
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174 sudo apt-key add nginx_signing.key |
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175 </programlisting> |
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176 </para> |
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177 |
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178 <para> |
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179 Для Debian замените <i>codename</i> на |
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180 <link id="distributions">кодовое имя</link> дистрибутива, |
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181 и добавьте в конец файла <path>/etc/apt/sources.list</path> |
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182 следующее: |
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183 |
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184 <programlisting> |
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185 deb http://nginx.org/packages/debian/ <i>codename</i> nginx |
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186 deb-src http://nginx.org/packages/debian/ <i>codename</i> nginx |
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187 </programlisting> |
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188 </para> |
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189 |
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190 <para> |
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191 Для Ubuntu замените <i>codename</i> на |
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192 <link id="distributions">кодовое имя</link> дистрибутива, |
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193 и добавьте в конец файла <path>/etc/apt/sources.list</path> |
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194 следующее: |
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195 |
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196 <programlisting> |
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197 deb http://nginx.org/packages/ubuntu/ <i>codename</i> nginx |
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198 deb-src http://nginx.org/packages/ubuntu/ <i>codename</i> nginx |
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199 </programlisting> |
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200 </para> |
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201 |
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202 <para> |
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203 Для Debian/Ubuntu затем выполните команды: |
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204 <programlisting> |
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205 apt-get update |
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206 apt-get install nginx |
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207 </programlisting> |
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208 </para> |
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209 |
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210 </section> |
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211 |
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212 |
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213 <section name="Готовые пакеты mainline-версии" id="mainline"> |
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214 |
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215 <para> |
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216 Для настройки репозитория yum для RHEL/CentOS необходимо |
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217 создать файл с именем <path>/etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo</path> |
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218 и таким содержимым: |
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219 |
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220 <programlisting> |
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221 [nginx] |
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222 name=nginx repo |
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223 baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/OS/OSRELEASE/$basearch/ |
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224 gpgcheck=0 |
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225 enabled=1 |
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226 </programlisting> |
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227 |
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228 Замените “<literal>OS</literal>” на “<literal>rhel</literal>” или |
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229 “<literal>centos</literal>”, |
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230 в зависимости от используемого дистрибутива, а “<literal>OSRELEASE</literal>” |
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231 на “<literal>5</literal>”, “<literal>6</literal>” или “<literal>7</literal>”, |
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232 для, соответственно, 5.x, 6.x или 7.x версий. |
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233 </para> |
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234 |
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235 <para> |
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236 Для Debian/Ubuntu, для проверки подлинности подписи репозитория nginx, |
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237 и чтобы избавиться от предупреждений об отсутствующем PGP-ключе во время |
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238 установки пакета nginx, необходимо добавить ключ, которым были подписаны |
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239 пакеты и репозиторий nginx, в связку ключей программы <command>apt</command>. |
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240 Загрузите <link url="http://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key">этот |
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241 ключ</link> с нашего веб-сайта и добавьте его в связку ключей программы |
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242 <command>apt</command>, выполнив команду: |
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243 <programlisting> |
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244 sudo apt-key add nginx_signing.key |
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245 </programlisting> |
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246 </para> |
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247 |
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248 <para> |
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249 Для Debian замените <i>codename</i> на |
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250 <link id="distributions">кодовое имя</link> дистрибутива, |
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251 и добавьте в конец файла <path>/etc/apt/sources.list</path> |
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252 следующее: |
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253 |
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254 <programlisting> |
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255 deb http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/debian/ <i>codename</i> nginx |
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256 deb-src http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/debian/ <i>codename</i> nginx |
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257 </programlisting> |
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258 </para> |
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259 |
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260 <para> |
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261 Для Ubuntu замените <i>codename</i> на |
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262 <link id="distributions">кодовое имя</link> дистрибутива, |
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263 и добавьте в конец файла <path>/etc/apt/sources.list</path> |
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264 следующее: |
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265 |
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266 <programlisting> |
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267 deb http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/ubuntu/ <i>codename</i> nginx |
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268 deb-src http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/ubuntu/ <i>codename</i> nginx |
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269 </programlisting> |
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270 </para> |
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271 |
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272 <para> |
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273 Для Debian/Ubuntu затем выполните команды: |
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274 <programlisting> |
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275 apt-get update |
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276 apt-get install nginx |
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277 </programlisting> |
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278 </para> |
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279 |
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280 </section> |
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281 |
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282 |
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283 <section name="Подписи" id="signatures"> |
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284 |
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285 <para> |
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286 Для проверки целостности и происхождения загруженного пакета |
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287 и в случае RPM, и в случае репозиториев Debian/Ubuntu используется |
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288 цифровая подпись. |
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289 Для проверки подписи необходимо загрузить |
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290 <link url="http://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key">этот ключ</link> |
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291 и импортировать его в связку ключей программы <command>rpm</command> |
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292 или <command>apt</command>: |
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293 |
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294 <list type="bullet"> |
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295 |
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296 <listitem> |
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297 Для Debian/Ubuntu: |
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298 <programlisting>sudo apt-key add nginx_signing.key</programlisting> |
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299 </listitem> |
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300 |
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301 <listitem> |
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302 Для RHEL/CentOS: |
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303 <programlisting>sudo rpm --import nginx_signing.key</programlisting> |
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304 </listitem> |
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305 |
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306 </list> |
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307 </para> |
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308 |
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309 <para> |
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310 В Debian/Ubuntu подпись проверяется по умолчанию, однако |
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311 в RHEL/CentOS необходимо добавить |
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312 <programlisting>gpgcheck=1</programlisting> в файл |
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313 <path>/etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo</path>. |
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314 </para> |
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315 |
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316 <para> |
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317 Поскольку наши <link doc="../en/pgp_keys.xml">PGP-ключи</link> |
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318 находятся на том же сервере, что и пакеты, |
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319 им следует доверять в равной степени. |
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320 Поэтому мы настоятельно рекомендуем дополнительно проверить |
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321 подлинность загруженных PGP-ключей. |
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322 В PGP есть понятие “сети доверия”, |
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323 когда ключ подписывается чьим-либо другим ключом, |
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324 тот в свою очередь третьим, и т.д. |
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325 Это зачастую позволяет построить цепочку от произвольного ключа |
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326 до ключа человека, которого вы знаете и кому доверяете лично, |
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327 и таким образом удостовериться в подлинности первого ключа в цепочке. |
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328 Подробно эта концепция описана в |
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329 <link url="http://www.dewinter.com/gnupg_howto/english/GPGMiniHowto-1.html"> |
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330 GPG Mini Howto</link>. |
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331 У наших ключей есть достаточное количество подписей, |
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332 поэтому проверить их подлинность относительно несложно. |
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333 </para> |
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334 |
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335 </section> |
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336 |
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337 </article> |