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annotate xml/ru/docs/http/ngx_http_perl_module.xml @ 3090:27532d42102b default tip

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Documented the "rate" parameter of the "error_log" directive.
author Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
date Sun, 16 Jun 2024 06:55:30 +0300
parents 23b9cbb0c11d
children
Ignore whitespace changes - Everywhere: Within whitespace: At end of lines:
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1 <?xml version="1.0"?>
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2
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3 <!--
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4 Copyright (C) Igor Sysoev
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5 Copyright (C) Nginx, Inc.
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6 -->
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7
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8 <!DOCTYPE module SYSTEM "../../../../dtd/module.dtd">
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9
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10 <module name="Модуль ngx_http_perl_module"
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11 link="/ru/docs/http/ngx_http_perl_module.html"
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12 lang="ru"
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13 rev="8">
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14
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15 <section id="summary">
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16
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17 <para>
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18 Модуль <literal>ngx_http_perl_module</literal> позволяет писать обработчики
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19 location и переменных на Perl, а также вставлять вызовы Perl в SSI.
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20 </para>
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21
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22 <para>
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23 По умолчанию этот модуль не собирается, его сборку необходимо
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24 разрешить с помощью конфигурационного параметра
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25 <literal>--with-http_perl_module</literal>.
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26 <note>
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27 Для сборки этого модуля необходим
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28 <link url="https://www.perl.org/get.html">Perl</link> версии 5.6.1 и выше.
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29 Компилятор C должен быть совместим с тем, которым был собран Perl.
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30 </note>
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31 </para>
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32
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33 </section>
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34
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35
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36 <section id="issues" name="Известные проблемы">
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37
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38 <para>
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39 Модуль экспериментальный, поэтому возможно всё.
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40 </para>
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41
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42 <para>
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43 Для того чтобы во время переконфигурации Perl перекомпилировал
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44 изменённые модули, его нужно собрать с параметрами
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45 <literal>-Dusemultiplicity=yes</literal> или
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46 <literal>-Dusethreads=yes</literal>.
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47 Кроме того, чтобы во время работы Perl терял меньше памяти,
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48 его нужно собрать с параметром
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49 <literal>-Dusemymalloc=no</literal>.
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50 Узнать значения этих параметров у уже собранного
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51 Perl можно так (в примере приведены желаемые значения параметров):
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52 <example>
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53 $ perl -V:usemultiplicity -V:usemymalloc
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54 usemultiplicity='define';
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55 usemymalloc='n';
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56 </example>
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57 </para>
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58
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59 <para>
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60 Необходимо учитывать, что после пересборки Perl с новыми параметрами
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61 <literal>-Dusemultiplicity=yes</literal> или
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62 <literal>-Dusethreads=yes</literal>
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63 придётся также пересобрать и все бинарные модули Perl, так как они
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64 просто перестанут работать с новым Perl.
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65 </para>
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66
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67 <para>
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68 Возможно, главный процесс, а вслед за ним и рабочие процессы,
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69 будут увеличиваться в размерах при каждой переконфигурации.
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70 Когда главный процесс вырастет до неприемлемых размеров, можно
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71 воспользоваться процедурой
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72 <link doc="../control.xml" id="upgrade">обновления сервера на лету</link>,
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73 не меняя при этом сам исполняемый файл.
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74 </para>
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76 <para>
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77 Если модуль Perl выполняет длительную операцию, например, определяет
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78 адрес по имени, соединяется с другим сервером, делает запрос к базе данных,
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79 то на это время все остальные запросы, обслуживаемые данным рабочим процессом,
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80 не будут обрабатываться. Поэтому рекомендуется ограничиться операциями,
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81 время исполнения которых короткое и предсказуемое, например, обращение
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82 к локальной файловой системе.
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83 </para>
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84
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85 </section>
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86
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87
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88 <section id="example" name="Пример конфигурации">
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89
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90 <para>
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91 <example>
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92 http {
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93
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94 perl_modules perl/lib;
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95 perl_require hello.pm;
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96
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97 perl_set $msie6 '
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98
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99 sub {
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100 my $r = shift;
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101 my $ua = $r->header_in("User-Agent");
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102
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103 return "" if $ua =~ /Opera/;
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104 return "1" if $ua =~ / MSIE [6-9]\.\d+/;
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105 return "";
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106 }
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107
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108 ';
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109
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110 server {
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111 location / {
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112 perl hello::handler;
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113 }
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114 }
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115 </example>
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116 </para>
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117
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118 <para>
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119 Модуль <path>perl/lib/hello.pm</path>:
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120 <example>
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121 package hello;
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122
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123 use nginx;
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124
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125 sub handler {
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126 my $r = shift;
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127
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128 $r->send_http_header("text/html");
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129 return OK if $r->header_only;
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130
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131 $r->print("hello!\n&lt;br/&gt;");
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132
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133 if (-f $r->filename or -d _) {
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134 $r->print($r->uri, " exists!\n");
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135 }
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136
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137 return OK;
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138 }
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139
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140 1;
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141 __END__
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142 </example>
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143 </para>
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144
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145 </section>
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146
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147
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148 <section id="directives" name="Директивы">
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149
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150 <directive name="perl">
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151 <syntax><value>модуль</value>::<value>функция</value>|'sub { ... }'</syntax>
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152 <default/>
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153 <context>location</context>
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154 <context>limit_except</context>
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155
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156 <para>
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157 Устанавливает обработчик Perl для данного location.
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158 </para>
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159
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160 </directive>
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161
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162
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163 <directive name="perl_modules">
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164 <syntax><value>путь</value></syntax>
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165 <default/>
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166 <context>http</context>
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167
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168 <para>
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169 Задаёт дополнительный путь для модулей Perl.
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170 </para>
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171
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172 </directive>
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173
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174
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175 <directive name="perl_require">
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176 <syntax><value>модуль</value></syntax>
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177 <default/>
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178 <context>http</context>
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179
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180 <para>
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181 Задаёт имя модуля, который будет подгружаться при каждой
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182 переконфигурации.
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183 Директив <literal>perl_require</literal> может быть несколько.
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184 </para>
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185
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186 </directive>
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187
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188
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189 <directive name="perl_set">
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190 <syntax>
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191 <value>$переменная</value>
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192 <value>модуль</value>::<value>функция</value>|'sub { ... }'</syntax>
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193 <default/>
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194 <context>http</context>
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195
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196 <para>
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197 Устанавливает обработчик Perl для указанной переменной.
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198 </para>
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199
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200 </directive>
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201
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202 </section>
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203
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204
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205 <section id="ssi" name="Вызов Perl из SSI">
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206
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207 <para>
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208 Формат команды SSI с вызовом Perl следующий:
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209 <example>
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210 &lt;!--# perl sub="<value>модуль</value>::<value>функция</value>" arg="<value>параметр1</value>" arg="<value>параметр2</value>" ...
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211 --&gt;
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212 </example>
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213 </para>
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214
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215 </section>
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216
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217
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218 <section id="methods" name="Методы объекта запроса $r">
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219
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220 <para>
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221 <list type="tag">
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222
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223 <tag-name><literal>$r->args</literal></tag-name>
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224 <tag-desc>
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225 возвращает аргументы запроса.
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226 </tag-desc>
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227
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228 <tag-name><literal>$r->filename</literal></tag-name>
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229 <tag-desc>
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230 возвращает имя файла, соответствующее URI запроса.
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231 </tag-desc>
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232
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233 <tag-name>
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234 <literal>$r->has_request_body(<value>обработчик</value>)</literal>
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235 </tag-name>
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236 <tag-desc>
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237 возвращает 0, если в запросе нет тела.
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238 Если же в запросе есть тело, то устанавливается
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239 указанный обработчик и возвращается 1.
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240 По окончании чтения тела запроса nginx вызовет установленный обработчик.
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241 Обратите внимание, что нужно передавать ссылку на функцию обработчика.
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242 Пример:
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243 <example>
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244 package hello;
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245
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246 use nginx;
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247
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248 sub handler {
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249 my $r = shift;
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250
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251 if ($r->request_method ne "POST") {
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252 return DECLINED;
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253 }
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254
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255 if ($r->has_request_body(<emphasis>\&amp;post</emphasis>)) {
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256 return OK;
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257 }
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258
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259 return HTTP_BAD_REQUEST;
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260 }
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261
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262 sub <emphasis>post</emphasis> {
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263 my $r = shift;
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264
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265 $r->send_http_header;
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266
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267 $r->print("request_body: \"", $r->request_body, "\"&lt;br/&gt;");
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268 $r->print("request_body_file: \"", $r->request_body_file, "\"&lt;br/&gt;\n");
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269
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270 return OK;
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271 }
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272
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273 1;
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274
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275 __END__
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276 </example>
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277 </tag-desc>
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278
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279 <tag-name><literal>$r->allow_ranges</literal></tag-name>
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280 <tag-desc>
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281 разрешает использовать диапазоны байт (byte ranges) при передаче ответа.
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282 </tag-desc>
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283
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284 <tag-name><literal>$r->discard_request_body</literal></tag-name>
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285 <tag-desc>
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286 указывает nginx игнорировать тело запроса.
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287 </tag-desc>
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288
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289 <tag-name><literal>$r->header_in(<value>поле</value>)</literal></tag-name>
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290 <tag-desc>
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291 возвращает значение заданного поля в заголовке запроса клиента.
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292 </tag-desc>
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293
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294 <tag-name><literal>$r->header_only</literal></tag-name>
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295 <tag-desc>
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296 определяет, нужно ли передавать клиенту только заголовок ответа или весь ответ.
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297 </tag-desc>
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298
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299 <tag-name>
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300 <literal>$r->header_out(<value>поле</value>,
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301 <value>значение</value>)</literal>
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302 </tag-name>
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303 <tag-desc>
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304 устанавливает значение для заданного поля в заголовке ответа.
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305 </tag-desc>
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parents:
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306
2413
c6581f9aefa3 Documented Perl $r->internal_redirect() fixes.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1842
diff changeset
307 <tag-name id="r_internal_redirect">
415
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308 <literal>$r->internal_redirect(<value>uri</value>)</literal>
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309 </tag-name>
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310 <tag-desc>
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311 делает внутреннее перенаправление на указанный <value>uri</value>.
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312 Перенаправление происходит уже после завершения обработчика Perl.
760
f0e3d07c66d8 Documented $r->log_error method, redirection limitation, removed outdated info.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 589
diff changeset
313 <note>
2413
c6581f9aefa3 Documented Perl $r->internal_redirect() fixes.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1842
diff changeset
314 Начиная с версии 1.17.2 метод принимает экранированные URI и
c6581f9aefa3 Documented Perl $r->internal_redirect() fixes.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents: 1842
diff changeset
315 поддерживает перенаправления в именованные location.
760
f0e3d07c66d8 Documented $r->log_error method, redirection limitation, removed outdated info.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 589
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316 </note>
f0e3d07c66d8 Documented $r->log_error method, redirection limitation, removed outdated info.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 589
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317 </tag-desc>
f0e3d07c66d8 Documented $r->log_error method, redirection limitation, removed outdated info.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 589
diff changeset
318
f0e3d07c66d8 Documented $r->log_error method, redirection limitation, removed outdated info.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 589
diff changeset
319 <tag-name><literal>$r->log_error(<value>код_ошибки</value>,
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Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 589
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320 <value>сообщение</value>)</literal></tag-name>
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Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 589
diff changeset
321 <tag-desc>
f0e3d07c66d8 Documented $r->log_error method, redirection limitation, removed outdated info.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 589
diff changeset
322 записывает указанное <value>сообщение</value> в
3089
23b9cbb0c11d Documented $r->log_error() logging level.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents: 2413
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323 <link doc="../ngx_core_module.xml" id="error_log"/>
23b9cbb0c11d Documented $r->log_error() logging level.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents: 2413
diff changeset
324 на уровне <literal>error</literal>.
760
f0e3d07c66d8 Documented $r->log_error method, redirection limitation, removed outdated info.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 589
diff changeset
325 Если <value>код_ошибки</value> ненулевой, то к сообщению будет добавлен
f0e3d07c66d8 Documented $r->log_error method, redirection limitation, removed outdated info.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents: 589
diff changeset
326 код ошибки и её описание.
415
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327 </tag-desc>
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328
415
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329 <tag-name><literal>$r->print(<value>текст</value>, ...)</literal></tag-name>
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330 <tag-desc>
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331 метод передаёт клиенту данные.
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332 </tag-desc>
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333
415
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334 <tag-name><literal>$r->request_body</literal></tag-name>
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335 <tag-desc>
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336 возвращает тело запроса клиента при условии,
c640e00858ed Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 304
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337 что тело не записано во временный файл.
966
95c3c3bbf1ce Text review.
Egor Nikitin <yegor.nikitin@gmail.com>
parents: 760
diff changeset
338 Для того чтобы тело запроса клиента гарантированно находилось в памяти,
79
0a45870d0160 Fixed cross-document links to use doc and id.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents: 76
diff changeset
339 нужно ограничить его размер с помощью
106
56457a474903 If text of the link is not provided, the @id is used.
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parents: 102
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340 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="client_max_body_size"/>
76
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parents:
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341 и задать достаточной размер для буфера
106
56457a474903 If text of the link is not provided, the @id is used.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 102
diff changeset
342 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="client_body_buffer_size"/>.
415
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343 </tag-desc>
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344
415
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345 <tag-name><literal>$r->request_body_file</literal></tag-name>
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346 <tag-desc>
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347 возвращает имя файла, в котором хранится тело запроса клиента.
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Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 304
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348 По завершению обработки файл необходимо удалить.
966
95c3c3bbf1ce Text review.
Egor Nikitin <yegor.nikitin@gmail.com>
parents: 760
diff changeset
349 Для того чтобы тело запроса клиента всегда записывалось в файл,
415
c640e00858ed Revision.
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parents: 304
diff changeset
350 следует включить
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351 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="client_body_in_file_only"/>.
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352 </tag-desc>
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353
415
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354 <tag-name><literal>$r->request_method</literal></tag-name>
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355 <tag-desc>
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356 возвращает HTTP-метод запроса клиента.
c640e00858ed Revision.
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357 </tag-desc>
76
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parents:
diff changeset
358
415
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359 <tag-name><literal>$r->remote_addr</literal></tag-name>
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360 <tag-desc>
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361 возвращает IP-адрес клиента.
c640e00858ed Revision.
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362 </tag-desc>
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parents:
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363
415
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364 <tag-name><literal>$r->flush</literal></tag-name>
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365 <tag-desc>
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parents: 304
diff changeset
366 немедленно передаёт данные клиенту.
c640e00858ed Revision.
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parents: 304
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367 </tag-desc>
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parents:
diff changeset
368
415
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369 <tag-name>
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370 <literal>$r->sendfile(<value>имя</value>[,
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parents: 304
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371 <value>смещение</value>[,
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Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 304
diff changeset
372 <value>длина</value>]])</literal>
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373 </tag-name>
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374 <tag-desc>
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parents: 304
diff changeset
375 передаёт клиенту содержимое указанного файла.
c640e00858ed Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 304
diff changeset
376 Необязательные параметры
c640e00858ed Revision.
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parents: 304
diff changeset
377 задают начальное смещение и длину передаваемых данных.
c640e00858ed Revision.
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parents: 304
diff changeset
378 Непосредственно передача данных происходит уже после завершения
c640e00858ed Revision.
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parents: 304
diff changeset
379 обработчика Perl.
c640e00858ed Revision.
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parents: 304
diff changeset
380 </tag-desc>
76
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
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parents:
diff changeset
381
415
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382 <tag-name>
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parents: 304
diff changeset
383 <literal>$r->send_http_header([<value>тип</value>])</literal>
c640e00858ed Revision.
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parents: 304
diff changeset
384 </tag-name>
c640e00858ed Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 304
diff changeset
385 <tag-desc>
76
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
386 передаёт клиенту заголовок ответа.
415
c640e00858ed Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 304
diff changeset
387 Необязательный параметр <value>тип</value> устанавливает значение поля
c640e00858ed Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 304
diff changeset
388 <header>Content-Type</header> в заголовке ответа.
c640e00858ed Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 304
diff changeset
389 Пустая строка в качестве типа запрещает передачу поля
c640e00858ed Revision.
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parents: 304
diff changeset
390 <header>Content-Type</header>.
c640e00858ed Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 304
diff changeset
391 </tag-desc>
76
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
392
415
c640e00858ed Revision.
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parents: 304
diff changeset
393 <tag-name><literal>$r->status(<value>код</value>)</literal></tag-name>
c640e00858ed Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 304
diff changeset
394 <tag-desc>
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Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 304
diff changeset
395 устанавливает код ответа.
c640e00858ed Revision.
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parents: 304
diff changeset
396 </tag-desc>
76
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
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parents:
diff changeset
397
415
c640e00858ed Revision.
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parents: 304
diff changeset
398 <tag-name>
c640e00858ed Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 304
diff changeset
399 <literal>$r->sleep(<value>миллисекунды</value>,
c640e00858ed Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 304
diff changeset
400 <value>обработчик</value>)</literal>
c640e00858ed Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 304
diff changeset
401 </tag-name>
c640e00858ed Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 304
diff changeset
402 <tag-desc>
c640e00858ed Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 304
diff changeset
403 устанавливает указанный обработчик
c640e00858ed Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 304
diff changeset
404 и останавливает обработку запроса на заданное время.
76
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
405 nginx в это время продолжает обрабатывать другие запросы.
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
406 По истечении указанного времени nginx вызовет установленный обработчик.
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
407 Обратите внимание, что нужно передавать ссылку на функцию обработчика.
415
c640e00858ed Revision.
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parents: 304
diff changeset
408 Для передачи данных между обработчиками следует использовать
c640e00858ed Revision.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 304
diff changeset
409 <literal>$r->variable()</literal>.
c640e00858ed Revision.
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parents: 304
diff changeset
410 Пример:
76
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
411 <example>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
412 package hello;
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
413
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
414 use nginx;
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
415
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
416 sub handler {
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
417 my $r = shift;
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
418
415
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diff changeset
419 $r->discard_request_body;
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diff changeset
420 $r->variable("var", "OK");
c640e00858ed Revision.
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diff changeset
421 $r->sleep(1000, <emphasis>\&amp;next</emphasis>);
76
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
422
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
423 return OK;
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
424 }
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
425
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
426 sub <emphasis>next</emphasis> {
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
427 my $r = shift;
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
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parents:
diff changeset
428
415
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diff changeset
429 $r->send_http_header;
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parents: 304
diff changeset
430 $r->print($r->variable("var"));
76
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
431
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
432 return OK;
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
433 }
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
434
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
435 1;
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
436
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
437 __END__
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Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
438 </example>
415
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diff changeset
439 </tag-desc>
76
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parents:
diff changeset
440
415
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diff changeset
441 <tag-name><literal>$r->unescape(<value>текст</value>)</literal></tag-name>
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parents: 304
diff changeset
442 <tag-desc>
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parents: 304
diff changeset
443 декодирует текст, заданный в виде “%XX”.
c640e00858ed Revision.
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parents: 304
diff changeset
444 </tag-desc>
76
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parents:
diff changeset
445
415
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diff changeset
446 <tag-name><literal>$r->uri</literal></tag-name>
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parents: 304
diff changeset
447 <tag-desc>
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parents: 304
diff changeset
448 возвращает URI запроса.
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449 </tag-desc>
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450
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451 <tag-name>
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452 <literal>$r->variable(<value>имя</value>[,
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453 <value>значение</value>])</literal>
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454 </tag-name>
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455 <tag-desc>
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456 возвращает или устанавливает значение указанной переменной.
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457 Переменные локальны для каждого запроса.
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458 </tag-desc>
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459
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460 </list>
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461 </para>
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462
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463 </section>
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parents:
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464
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465 </module>