Mercurial > hg > nginx-site
annotate xml/ru/docs/stream/ngx_stream_ssl_module.xml @ 1527:f9a138e5ab14
Updated links to nginx.com website.
author | Valentin Bartenev <vbart@nginx.com> |
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date | Wed, 01 Jul 2015 22:33:47 +0300 |
parents | e3d3e2ed4275 |
children | 6f5497797cde |
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1 <?xml version="1.0"?> |
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2 |
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3 <!-- |
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4 Copyright (C) Nginx, Inc. |
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5 --> |
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6 |
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7 <!DOCTYPE module SYSTEM "../../../../dtd/module.dtd"> |
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8 |
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9 <module name="Модуль ngx_stream_ssl_module" |
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10 link="/ru/docs/stream/ngx_stream_ssl_module.html" |
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11 lang="ru" |
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12 rev="5"> |
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13 |
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14 <section id="summary"> |
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15 |
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16 <para> |
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17 Модуль <literal>ngx_stream_ssl_module</literal> (1.9.0) |
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18 обеспечивает необходимую поддержку для работы |
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19 прокси-сервера по протоколу SSL/TLS. |
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20 По умолчанию этот модуль не собирается, его сборку необходимо |
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21 разрешить с помощью конфигурационного параметра |
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22 <literal>--with-stream_ssl_module</literal>. |
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23 </para> |
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24 |
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25 </section> |
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26 |
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27 |
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28 <section id="example" name="Пример конфигурации"> |
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29 |
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30 <para> |
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31 Для уменьшения загрузки процессора рекомендуется |
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32 <list type="bullet"> |
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33 |
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34 <listitem> |
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35 установить число рабочих процессов равным числу процессоров, |
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36 </listitem> |
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37 |
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38 <listitem> |
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39 включить разделяемый кэш сессий, |
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40 </listitem> |
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41 |
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42 <listitem> |
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43 выключить встроенный кэш сессий |
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44 </listitem> |
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45 |
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46 <listitem> |
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47 и, возможно, увеличить время жизни сессии (по умолчанию 5 минут): |
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48 </listitem> |
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49 |
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50 </list> |
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51 |
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52 <example> |
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53 <emphasis>worker_processes auto;</emphasis> |
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54 |
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55 stream { |
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56 |
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57 ... |
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58 |
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59 server { |
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60 listen 12345 ssl; |
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61 |
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62 ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; |
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63 ssl_ciphers AES128-SHA:AES256-SHA:RC4-SHA:DES-CBC3-SHA:RC4-MD5; |
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64 ssl_certificate /usr/local/nginx/conf/cert.pem; |
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65 ssl_certificate_key /usr/local/nginx/conf/cert.key; |
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66 <emphasis>ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m;</emphasis> |
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67 <emphasis>ssl_session_timeout 10m;</emphasis> |
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68 |
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69 ... |
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70 } |
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71 </example> |
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72 </para> |
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73 |
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74 </section> |
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75 |
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76 |
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77 <section id="directives" name="Директивы"> |
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78 |
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79 <directive name="ssl_certificate"> |
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80 <syntax><value>файл</value></syntax> |
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81 <default/> |
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82 <context>stream</context> |
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83 <context>server</context> |
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84 |
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85 <para> |
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86 Указывает <value>файл</value> с сертификатом в формате PEM |
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87 для данного сервера. |
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88 Если вместе с основным сертификатом нужно указать промежуточные, |
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89 то они должны находиться в этом же файле в следующем порядке — сначала |
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90 основной сертификат, а затем промежуточные. |
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91 В этом же файле может находиться секретный ключ в формате PEM. |
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92 </para> |
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93 |
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94 </directive> |
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95 |
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96 |
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97 <directive name="ssl_certificate_key"> |
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98 <syntax><value>файл</value></syntax> |
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99 <default/> |
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100 <context>stream</context> |
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101 <context>server</context> |
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102 |
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103 <para> |
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104 Указывает <value>файл</value> с секретным ключом в формате PEM |
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105 для данного сервера. |
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106 </para> |
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107 |
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108 <para> |
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109 Вместо <value>файла</value> можно указать значение |
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110 <literal>engine</literal>:<value>имя</value>:<value>id</value>, |
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111 которое загружает ключ с указанным <value>id</value> |
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112 из OpenSSL engine с заданным <value>именем</value>. |
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113 </para> |
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114 |
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115 </directive> |
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116 |
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117 |
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118 <directive name="ssl_ciphers"> |
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119 <syntax><value>шифры</value></syntax> |
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120 <default>HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5</default> |
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121 <context>stream</context> |
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122 <context>server</context> |
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123 |
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124 <para> |
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125 Описывает разрешённые шифры. |
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126 Шифры задаются в формате, поддерживаемом библиотекой |
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127 OpenSSL, например: |
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128 <example> |
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129 ssl_ciphers ALL:!aNULL:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP; |
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130 </example> |
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131 </para> |
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132 |
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133 <para> |
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134 Полный список можно посмотреть с помощью команды |
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135 “<command>openssl ciphers</command>”. |
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136 </para> |
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137 |
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138 </directive> |
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139 |
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140 |
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141 <directive name="ssl_dhparam"> |
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142 <syntax><value>файл</value></syntax> |
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143 <default/> |
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144 <context>stream</context> |
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145 <context>server</context> |
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146 |
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147 <para> |
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148 Указывает <value>файл</value> с параметрами для шифров с обменом EDH-ключами. |
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149 </para> |
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150 |
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151 </directive> |
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152 |
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153 |
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154 <directive name="ssl_ecdh_curve"> |
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155 <syntax><value>кривая</value></syntax> |
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156 <default>prime256v1</default> |
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157 <context>stream</context> |
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158 <context>server</context> |
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159 |
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160 <para> |
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161 Задаёт <value>кривую</value> для ECDHE-шифров. |
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162 </para> |
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163 |
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164 </directive> |
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165 |
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166 |
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167 <directive name="ssl_handshake_timeout"> |
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168 <syntax><value>время</value></syntax> |
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169 <default>60s</default> |
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170 <context>stream</context> |
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171 <context>server</context> |
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172 |
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173 <para> |
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174 Задаёт таймаут для завершения операции SSL handshake. |
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175 </para> |
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176 |
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177 </directive> |
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178 |
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179 |
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180 <directive name="ssl_password_file"> |
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181 <syntax><value>файл</value></syntax> |
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182 <default/> |
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183 <context>stream</context> |
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184 <context>server</context> |
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185 |
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186 <para> |
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187 Задаёт <value>файл</value> с паролями от |
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188 <link id="ssl_certificate_key">секретных ключей</link>, |
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189 где каждый пароль указан на отдельной строке. |
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190 Пароли применяются по очереди в момент загрузки ключа. |
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191 </para> |
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192 |
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193 <para> |
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194 Пример: |
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195 <example> |
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196 stream { |
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197 ssl_password_file /etc/keys/global.pass; |
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198 ... |
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199 |
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200 server { |
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201 listen 127.0.0.1:12345; |
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202 ssl_certificate_key /etc/keys/first.key; |
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203 } |
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204 |
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205 server { |
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206 listen 127.0.0.1:12346; |
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207 |
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208 # вместо файла можно указать именованный канал |
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209 ssl_password_file /etc/keys/fifo; |
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210 ssl_certificate_key /etc/keys/second.key; |
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211 } |
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212 } |
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213 </example> |
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214 </para> |
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215 |
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216 </directive> |
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217 |
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218 |
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219 <directive name="ssl_prefer_server_ciphers"> |
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220 <syntax><literal>on</literal> | <literal>off</literal></syntax> |
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221 <default>off</default> |
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222 <context>stream</context> |
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223 <context>server</context> |
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224 |
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225 <para> |
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226 Указывает, чтобы при использовании протоколов SSLv3 и TLS |
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227 серверные шифры были более приоритетны, чем клиентские. |
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228 </para> |
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229 |
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230 </directive> |
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231 |
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232 |
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233 <directive name="ssl_protocols"> |
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234 <syntax> |
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235 [<literal>SSLv2</literal>] |
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236 [<literal>SSLv3</literal>] |
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237 [<literal>TLSv1</literal>] |
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238 [<literal>TLSv1.1</literal>] |
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239 [<literal>TLSv1.2</literal>]</syntax> |
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240 <default>TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2</default> |
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241 <context>stream</context> |
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242 <context>server</context> |
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243 |
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244 <para> |
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245 Разрешает указанные протоколы. |
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246 Параметры <literal>TLSv1.1</literal> и <literal>TLSv1.2</literal> работают |
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247 только при использовании библиотеки OpenSSL версии 1.0.1 и выше. |
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248 </para> |
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249 |
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250 </directive> |
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251 |
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252 |
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253 <directive name="ssl_session_cache"> |
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254 <syntax> |
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255 <literal>off</literal> | |
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256 <literal>none</literal> | |
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257 [<literal>builtin</literal>[:<value>размер</value>]] |
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258 [<literal>shared</literal>:<value>название</value>:<value>размер</value>]</syntax> |
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259 <default>none</default> |
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260 <context>stream</context> |
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261 <context>server</context> |
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262 |
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263 <para> |
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264 Задаёт тип и размеры кэшей для хранения параметров сессий. |
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265 Тип кэша может быть следующим: |
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266 <list type="tag"> |
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267 |
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268 <tag-name><literal>off</literal></tag-name> |
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269 <tag-desc> |
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270 жёсткое запрещение использования кэша сессий: |
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271 nginx явно сообщает клиенту, что сессии не могут использоваться повторно. |
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272 </tag-desc> |
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273 |
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274 <tag-name><literal>none</literal></tag-name> |
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275 <tag-desc> |
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276 мягкое запрещение использования кэша сессий: |
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277 nginx сообщает клиенту, что сессии могут использоваться повторно, но |
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278 на самом деле не хранит параметры сессии в кэше. |
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279 </tag-desc> |
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280 |
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281 <tag-name><literal>builtin</literal></tag-name> |
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282 <tag-desc> |
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283 встроенный в OpenSSL кэш, используется в рамках только одного рабочего процесса. |
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284 Размер кэша задаётся в сессиях. |
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285 Если размер не задан, то он равен 20480 сессиям. |
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286 Использование встроенного кэша может вести к фрагментации памяти. |
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287 </tag-desc> |
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288 |
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289 <tag-name><literal>shared</literal></tag-name> |
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290 <tag-desc> |
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291 кэш, разделяемый между всеми рабочими процессами. |
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292 Размер кэша задаётся в байтах, в 1 мегабайт может поместиться |
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293 около 4000 сессий. |
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294 У каждого разделяемого кэша должно быть произвольное название. |
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295 Кэш с одинаковым названием может использоваться в нескольких |
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296 серверах. |
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297 </tag-desc> |
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298 |
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299 </list> |
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300 </para> |
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301 |
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302 <para> |
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303 Можно использовать одновременно оба типа кэша, например: |
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304 <example> |
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305 ssl_session_cache builtin:1000 shared:SSL:10m; |
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306 </example> |
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307 однако использование только разделяемого кэша без встроенного должно |
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308 быть более эффективным. |
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309 </para> |
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310 |
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311 </directive> |
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312 |
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313 |
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314 <directive name="ssl_session_ticket_key"> |
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315 <syntax><value>файл</value></syntax> |
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316 <default/> |
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317 <context>stream</context> |
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318 <context>server</context> |
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319 |
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320 <para> |
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321 Задаёт <value>файл</value> с секретным ключом, применяемым при шифровании и |
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322 расшифровании TLS session tickets. |
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323 Директива необходима, если один и тот же ключ нужно использовать |
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324 на нескольких серверах. |
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325 По умолчанию используется случайно сгенерированный ключ. |
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326 </para> |
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327 |
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328 <para> |
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329 Если указано несколько ключей, то только первый ключ |
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330 используется для шифрования TLS session tickets. |
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331 Это позволяет настроить ротацию ключей, например: |
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332 <example> |
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333 ssl_session_ticket_key current.key; |
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334 ssl_session_ticket_key previous.key; |
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335 </example> |
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336 </para> |
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337 |
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338 <para> |
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339 <value>Файл</value> должен содержать 48 байт случайных данных и может быть |
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340 создан следующей командой: |
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341 <example> |
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342 openssl rand 48 > ticket.key |
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343 </example> |
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344 </para> |
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345 |
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346 </directive> |
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347 |
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348 |
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349 <directive name="ssl_session_tickets"> |
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350 <syntax><literal>on</literal> | <literal>off</literal></syntax> |
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351 <default>on</default> |
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352 <context>stream</context> |
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353 <context>server</context> |
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354 |
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355 <para> |
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356 Разрешает или запрещает возобновление сессий при помощи |
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357 <link url="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5077">TLS session tickets</link>. |
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358 </para> |
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359 |
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360 </directive> |
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361 |
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362 |
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363 <directive name="ssl_session_timeout"> |
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364 <syntax><value>время</value></syntax> |
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365 <default>5m</default> |
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366 <context>stream</context> |
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367 <context>server</context> |
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368 |
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369 <para> |
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370 Задаёт время, в течение которого клиент может повторно |
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371 использовать параметры сессии, хранящейся в кэше. |
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372 </para> |
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373 |
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374 </directive> |
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375 |
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376 </section> |
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377 |
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378 </module> |