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annotate xml/ru/docs/stream/ngx_stream_core_module.xml @ 1529:bcffd2161de7

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Translated the stream core module into Russian.
author Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
date Thu, 02 Jul 2015 14:23:39 +0300
parents xml/en/docs/stream/ngx_stream_core_module.xml@3ae5301ea37a
children 8ea1813272bb
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1 <?xml version="1.0"?>
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2
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3 <!--
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4 Copyright (C) Nginx, Inc.
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5 -->
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6
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7 <!DOCTYPE module SYSTEM "../../../../dtd/module.dtd">
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8
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9 <module name="Модуль ngx_stream_core_module"
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10 link="/ru/docs/stream/ngx_stream_core_module.html"
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11 lang="ru"
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12 rev="9">
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13
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14 <section id="summary">
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15
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16 <para>
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17 Модуль <literal>ngx_stream_core_module</literal>
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18 доступен начиная с версии 1.9.0.
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19 По умолчанию этот модуль не собирается, его сборку необходимо
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20 разрешить с помощью конфигурационного параметра
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21 <literal>--with-stream</literal>.
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22 </para>
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23
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24 </section>
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25
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26
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27 <section id="example" name="Пример конфигурации">
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28
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29 <para>
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30 <example>
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31 worker_processes auto;
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32
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33 error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log info;
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34
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35 events {
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36 worker_connections 1024;
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37 }
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38
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39 stream {
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40 upstream backend {
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41 hash $remote_addr consistent;
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42
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43 server backend1.example.com:12345 weight=5;
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44 server 127.0.0.1:12345 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
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45 server unix:/tmp/backend3;
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46 }
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47
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48 server {
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49 listen 12345;
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50 proxy_connect_timeout 1s;
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51 proxy_timeout 3s;
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52 proxy_pass backend;
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53 }
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54
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55 server {
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56 listen [::1]:12345;
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57 proxy_pass unix:/tmp/stream.socket;
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58 }
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59 }
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60 </example>
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61 </para>
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62
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63 </section>
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64
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65
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66 <section id="directives" name="Директивы">
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68 <directive name="listen">
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69 <syntax>
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70 <value>адрес</value>:<value>порт</value>
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71 [<literal>ssl</literal>]
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72 [<literal>backlog</literal>=<value>число</value>]
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73 [<literal>bind</literal>]
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74 [<literal>ipv6only</literal>=<literal>on</literal>|<literal>off</literal>]
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75 [<literal>reuseport</literal>]
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76 [<literal>so_keepalive</literal>=<literal>on</literal>|<literal>off</literal>|[<value>keepidle</value>]:[<value>keepintvl</value>]:[<value>keepcnt</value>]]</syntax>
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77 <default/>
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78 <context>server</context>
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79
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80 <para>
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81 Задаёт <value>адрес</value> и <value>порт</value> для сокета,
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82 на котором сервер будет принимать соединения.
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83 Можно указать только порт.
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84 Кроме того, адрес может быть именем хоста, например:
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85 <example>
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86 listen 127.0.0.1:12345;
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87 listen *:12345;
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88 listen 12345; # то же, что и *:12345
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89 listen localhost:12345;
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90 </example>
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91 IPv6-адреса задаются в квадратных скобках:
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92 <example>
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93 listen [::1]:12345;
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94 listen [::]:12345;
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95 </example>
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96 UNIX-сокеты задаются префиксом “<literal>unix:</literal>”
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97 <example>
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98 listen unix:/var/run/nginx.sock;
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99 </example>
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100
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101 </para>
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102
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103 <para>
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104 Параметр <literal>ssl</literal> указывает на то, что все соединения,
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105 принимаемые на данном порту, должны работать в режиме SSL.
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106 </para>
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107
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108 <para>
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109 В директиве <literal>listen</literal> можно также указать несколько
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110 дополнительных параметров, специфичных для связанных с сокетами
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111 системных вызовов.
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112 <list type="tag">
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113
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114 <tag-name>
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115 <literal>backlog</literal>=<value>число</value>
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116 </tag-name>
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117 <tag-desc>
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118 задаёт параметр <literal>backlog</literal> в вызове
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119 <c-func>listen</c-func>, который ограничивает
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120 максимальный размер очереди ожидающих приёма соединений (1.9.2).
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121 По умолчанию <literal>backlog</literal> устанавливается равным -1 для
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122 FreeBSD, DragonFly BSD и Mac OS X,
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123 и 511 для других платформ.
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124 </tag-desc>
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125
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126 <tag-name>
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127 <literal>bind</literal>
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128 </tag-name>
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129 <tag-desc>
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130 параметр указывает, что для данной пары
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131 <value>адрес</value>:<value>порт</value> нужно делать
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132 <c-func>bind</c-func> отдельно.
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133 Это нужно потому, что если описаны несколько директив <literal>listen</literal>
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134 с одинаковым портом, но разными адресами, и одна из директив
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135 <literal>listen</literal> слушает на всех адресах для данного порта
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136 (<literal>*:</literal><value>порт</value>), то nginx сделает
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137 <c-func>bind</c-func> только на <literal>*:</literal><value>порт</value>.
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138 Необходимо заметить, что в этом случае для определения адреса, на которой
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139 пришло соединение, делается системный вызов <c-func>getsockname</c-func>.
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140 Если же используются параметры <literal>ipv6only</literal>
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141 или <literal>so_keepalive</literal>,
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142 то для данной пары
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143 <value>адрес</value>:<value>порт</value> всегда делается
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144 отдельный вызов <c-func>bind</c-func>.
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145 </tag-desc>
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146
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147 <tag-name>
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148 <literal>ipv6only</literal>=<literal>on</literal>|<literal>off</literal>
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149 </tag-name>
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150 <tag-desc>
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151 этот параметр определяет
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152 (через параметр сокета <c-def>IPV6_V6ONLY</c-def>),
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153 будет ли слушающий на wildcard-адресе <literal>[::]</literal> IPv6-сокет
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154 принимать только IPv6-соединения, или же одновременно IPv6- и IPv4-соединения.
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155 По умолчанию параметр включён.
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156 Установить его можно только один раз на старте.
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157 </tag-desc>
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158
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159 <tag-name id="reuseport">
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160 <literal>reuseport</literal>
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161 </tag-name>
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162 <tag-desc>
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163 этот параметр (1.9.1) указывает, что нужно создавать отдельный слушающий сокет
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164 для каждого рабочего процесса
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165 (через параметр сокета <c-def>SO_REUSEPORT</c-def>), позволяя ядру
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166 распределять входящие соединения между рабочими процессами.
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167 В настоящий момент это работает только на Linux 3.9+ и DragonFly BSD.
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168 <note>
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169 Ненадлежащее использование параметра может иметь
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170 <link url="http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man7/socket.7.html">последствия</link>
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171 в плане безопасности.
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172 </note>
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173 </tag-desc>
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174
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175 <tag-name>
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176 <literal>so_keepalive</literal>=<literal>on</literal>|<literal>off</literal>|[<value>keepidle</value>]:[<value>keepintvl</value>]:[<value>keepcnt</value>]
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177 </tag-name>
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178 <tag-desc>
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179 этот параметр конфигурирует для слушающего сокета
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180 поведение “TCP keepalive”.
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181 Если этот параметр опущен, то для сокета будут действовать
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182 настройки операционной системы.
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183 Если он установлен в значение “<literal>on</literal>”, то для сокета
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184 включается параметр <c-def>SO_KEEPALIVE</c-def>.
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185 Если он установлен в значение “<literal>off</literal>”, то для сокета
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186 параметр <c-def>SO_KEEPALIVE</c-def> выключается.
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187 Некоторые операционные системы поддерживают настройку параметров
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188 “TCP keepalive” на уровне сокета посредством параметров
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189 <c-def>TCP_KEEPIDLE</c-def>, <c-def>TCP_KEEPINTVL</c-def> и
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190 <c-def>TCP_KEEPCNT</c-def>.
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191 На таких системах (в настоящий момент это Linux 2.4+, NetBSD 5+ и
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192 FreeBSD 9.0-STABLE)
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193 их можно сконфигурировать с помощью параметров <value>keepidle</value>,
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194 <value>keepintvl</value> и <value>keepcnt</value>.
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195 Один или два параметра могут быть опущены, в таком случае для
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196 соответствующего параметра сокета будут действовать стандартные
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197 системные настройки.
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198 Например,
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199 <example>so_keepalive=30m::10</example>
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200 установит таймаут бездействия (<c-def>TCP_KEEPIDLE</c-def>) в 30 минут,
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201 для интервала проб (<c-def>TCP_KEEPINTVL</c-def>) будет действовать
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202 стандартная системная настройка, а счётчик проб (<c-def>TCP_KEEPCNT</c-def>)
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203 будет равен 10.
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204 </tag-desc>
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205
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206 </list>
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207 </para>
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208
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209 <para>
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210 Разные серверы должны слушать на разных парах
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211 <value>адрес</value>:<value>порт</value>.
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212 </para>
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213
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214 </directive>
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215
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216
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217 <directive name="resolver">
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218 <syntax>
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219 <value>адрес</value> ...
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220 [<literal>valid</literal>=<value>время</value>]
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221 [<literal>ipv6</literal>=<literal>on</literal>|<literal>off</literal>]</syntax>
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222 <default/>
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223 <context>stream</context>
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224 <context>server</context>
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225
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226 <para>
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227 Задаёт серверы DNS, используемые для преобразования имён вышестоящих серверов
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228 в адреса, например:
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229 <example>
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230 resolver 127.0.0.1 [::1]:5353;
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231 </example>
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232 Адрес может быть указан в виде доменного имени или IP-адреса,
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233 и необязательного порта.
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234 Если порт не указан, используется порт 53.
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235 Серверы DNS опрашиваются циклически.
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236 </para>
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237
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238 <para>
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239 По умолчанию nginx будет искать как IPv4-, так и IPv6-адреса
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240 при преобразовании имён в адреса.
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241 Если поиск IPv6-адресов нежелателен,
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242 можно указать параметр <literal>ipv6=off</literal>.
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243 </para>
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244
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245 <para>
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246 По умолчанию nginx кэширует ответы, используя значение TTL из ответа.
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247 Необязательный параметр <literal>valid</literal> позволяет это
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248 переопределить:
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249 <example>
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250 resolver 127.0.0.1 [::1]:5353 valid=30s;
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251 </example>
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252 <note>
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253 Эта директива доступна как часть
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254 <commercial_version>коммерческой подписки</commercial_version>.
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255 </note>
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256 </para>
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257
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258 </directive>
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259
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260
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261 <directive name="resolver_timeout">
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262 <syntax><value>время</value></syntax>
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263 <default>30s</default>
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264 <context>stream</context>
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265 <context>server</context>
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266
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267 <para>
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268 Задаёт таймаут для преобразования имени в адрес, например:
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269 <example>
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270 resolver_timeout 5s;
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271 </example>
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272 <note>
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273 Эта директива доступна как часть
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274 <commercial_version>коммерческой подписки</commercial_version>.
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275 </note>
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276 </para>
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277
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278 </directive>
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279
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280
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281 <directive name="server">
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282 <syntax block="yes"/>
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283 <default/>
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284 <context>stream</context>
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285
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286 <para>
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287 Задаёт конфигурацию для сервера.
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288 </para>
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289
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290 </directive>
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291
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292
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293 <directive name="stream">
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294 <syntax block="yes"/>
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295 <default/>
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296 <context>main</context>
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297
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298 <para>
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299 Предоставляет контекст конфигурационного файла, в котором указываются
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300 директивы stream-сервера.
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301 </para>
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302
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303 </directive>
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304
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305 </section>
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306
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307 </module>