annotate xml/ru/docs/http/ngx_http_auth_jwt_module.xml @ 2835:b64410025027

Updated docs for the upcoming NGINX Plus release.
author Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
date Sun, 13 Feb 2022 17:17:07 +0000
parents 4add6ae1296f
children 8bd6f772005f
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1 <?xml version="1.0"?>
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2
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3 <!--
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4 Copyright (C) Nginx, Inc.
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5 -->
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6
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7 <!DOCTYPE module SYSTEM "../../../../dtd/module.dtd">
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8
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9 <module name="Модуль ngx_http_auth_jwt_module"
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10 link="/ru/docs/http/ngx_http_auth_jwt_module.html"
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11 lang="ru"
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12 rev="12">
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13
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14 <section id="summary">
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15
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16 <para>
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17 Модуль <literal>ngx_http_auth_jwt_module</literal> (1.11.3)
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18 предоставляет возможность авторизации клиента с проверкой предоставляемого
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19 <link url="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7519">JSON Web Token</link> (JWT)
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20 при помощи указанных ключей.
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21 Модуль поддерживает
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22 <link url="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7515">JSON Web Signature</link> (JWS),
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23 <link url="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7516">JSON Web Encryption</link> (JWE)
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24 (1.19.7) и Nested JWT (1.21.0).
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25 Модуль может использоваться для настройки аутентификации
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26 <link url="http://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-core-1_0.html">OpenID Connect</link>.
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27 </para>
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28
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29 <para>
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30 Модуль может быть скомбинирован с
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31 другими модулями доступа, такими как
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32 <link doc="ngx_http_access_module.xml">ngx_http_access_module</link>,
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33 <link doc="ngx_http_auth_basic_module.xml">ngx_http_auth_basic_module</link>
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34 и
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35 <link doc="ngx_http_auth_request_module.xml">ngx_http_auth_request_module</link>
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36 с помощью директивы <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="satisfy"/>.
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37 </para>
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38
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39 <para>
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40 <note>
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41 Модуль доступен как часть
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42 <commercial_version>коммерческой подписки</commercial_version>.
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43 </note>
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44 </para>
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45
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46 </section>
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47
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48
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49 <section id="algorithms" name="Поддерживаемые алгоритмы">
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50
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51 <para>
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52 Модуль поддерживает следующие криптографические
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53 <link url="https://www.iana.org/assignments/jose/jose.xhtml#web-signature-encryption-algorithms">алгоритмы</link>.
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54 </para>
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55
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56 <para>
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57 Алгоритмы JWS:
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58 <list type="bullet">
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59
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60 <listitem>
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61 HS256, HS384, HS512
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62 </listitem>
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63
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64 <listitem>
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65 RS256, RS384, RS512
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66 </listitem>
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67
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68 <listitem>
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69 ES256, ES384, ES512
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70 </listitem>
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71
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72 <listitem>
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73 EdDSA (подписи Ed25519 и Ed448) (1.15.7)
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74 </listitem>
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75
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76 </list>
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77
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78 <note>
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79 До версии 1.13.7
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80 поддерживались только алгоритмы HS256, RS256 и ES256.
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81 </note>
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82 </para>
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83
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84 <para>
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85 Алгоритмы JWE для шифрования содержимого (1.19.7):
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86 <list type="bullet">
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87
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88 <listitem>
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89 A128CBC-HS256, A192CBC-HS384, A256CBC-HS512
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90 </listitem>
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91
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92 <listitem>
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93 A128GCM, A192GCM, A256GCM
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94 </listitem>
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95
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96 </list>
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97 </para>
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98
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99 <para>
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100 Алгоритмы JWE для управления ключом (1.19.9):
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101 <list type="bullet">
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102
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103 <listitem>
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104 A128KW, A192KW, A256KW
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105 </listitem>
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106
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107 <listitem>
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108 A128GCMKW, A192GCMKW, A256GCMKW
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109 </listitem>
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110
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111 <listitem>
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112 dir&mdash;прямое использование симметричного ключа
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113 в качестве ключа шифрования содержимого
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114 </listitem>
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115
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116 <listitem>
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117 RSA-OAEP, RSA-OAEP-256, RSA-OAEP-384, RSA-OAEP-512 (1.21.0)
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118 </listitem>
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119
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120 </list>
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121 </para>
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122
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123 </section>
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124
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125
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126 <section id="example" name="Пример конфигурации">
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127
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128 <para>
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129 <example>
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130 location / {
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131 auth_jwt "closed site";
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132 auth_jwt_key_file conf/keys.json;
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133 }
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134 </example>
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135 </para>
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136
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137 </section>
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138
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139
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140 <section id="directives" name="Директивы">
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141
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142 <directive name="auth_jwt">
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143 <syntax>
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144 <value>строка</value>
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145 [<literal>token=</literal><value>$переменная</value>] |
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146 <literal>off</literal></syntax>
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147 <default>off</default>
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148 <context>http</context>
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149 <context>server</context>
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150 <context>location</context>
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151 <context>limit_except</context>
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152
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153 <para>
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154 Включает проверку JSON Web Token.
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155 Заданная <value>строка</value> используется в качестве <literal>realm</literal>.
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156 В значении параметра допустимо использование переменных.
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157 </para>
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158
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159 <para>
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160 Необязательный параметр <literal>token</literal> задаёт переменную,
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161 содержащую JSON Web Token.
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162 По умолчанию JWT передаётся в заголовке <header>Authorization</header>
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163 в качестве
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164 <link url="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6750">Bearer Token</link>.
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165 JWT может также передаваться как кука или часть строки запроса:
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166 <example>
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167 auth_jwt "closed site" token=$cookie_auth_token;
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168 </example>
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169 </para>
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170
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171 <para>
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172 Специальное значение <literal>off</literal> отменяет действие
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173 унаследованной с предыдущего уровня конфигурации
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174 директивы <literal>auth_jwt</literal>.
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175 </para>
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176
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177 </directive>
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178
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179
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180 <directive name="auth_jwt_claim_set">
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181 <syntax><value>$переменная</value> <value>имя</value> ...</syntax>
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182 <default/>
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183 <context>http</context>
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184 <appeared-in>1.11.10</appeared-in>
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185
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186 <para>
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187 Устанавливает <value>переменную</value> в параметр JWT claim,
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188 определяемый именами ключей.
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189 Сопоставление имён начинается с верхнего уровня дерева JSON.
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190 Для массива переменная хранит список его элементов, разделяемых запятыми.
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191 <example>
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192 auth_jwt_claim_set $email info e-mail;
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193 auth_jwt_claim_set $job info "job title";
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194 </example>
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195 <note>
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196 До версии 1.13.7 можно было указать лишь одно имя,
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197 результат для массивов был не определён.
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198 </note>
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199 </para>
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200
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201 <para>
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202 <note>
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203 Значения переменных для tokens, зашифрованных при помощи JWE,
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204 доступны только после дешифрования, которое происходит в
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205 <link doc="../dev/development_guide.xml" id="http_phases">Access</link>-фазе.
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206 </note>
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207 </para>
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208
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209 </directive>
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210
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211
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212 <directive name="auth_jwt_header_set">
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213 <syntax><value>$переменная</value> <value>имя</value> ...</syntax>
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214 <default/>
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215 <context>http</context>
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216 <appeared-in>1.11.10</appeared-in>
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217
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218 <para>
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219 Устанавливает <value>переменную</value> в параметр заголовка JOSE,
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220 определяемый именами ключей.
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221 Сопоставление имён начинается с верхнего уровня дерева JSON.
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222 Для массива переменная хранит список его элементов, разделяемых запятыми.
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223 <note>
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224 До версии 1.13.7 можно было указать лишь одно имя,
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225 результат для массивов был не определён.
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226 </note>
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227 </para>
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228
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229 </directive>
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230
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231 <directive name="auth_jwt_key_cache">
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232 <syntax><value> время</value></syntax>
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233 <default>0</default>
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234 <context>http</context>
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235 <context>server</context>
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236 <context>location</context>
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237 <appeared-in>1.21.4</appeared-in>
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238
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239 <para>
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240 Разрешает или запрещает кэширование ключей,
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241 полученных из <link id="auth_jwt_key_file">файла</link> или из
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242 <link id="auth_jwt_key_request">подзапроса</link>,
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243 и задаёт время их кэширования.
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244 Кэширование ключей, полученных из переменных, не поддерживается.
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245 По умолчанию кэширование ключей выключено.
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246 </para>
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247
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248 </directive>
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249
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250
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251 <directive name="auth_jwt_key_file">
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252 <syntax><value>файл</value></syntax>
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253 <default/>
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254 <context>http</context>
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255 <context>server</context>
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256 <context>location</context>
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257 <context>limit_except</context>
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258
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259 <para>
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260 Задаёт <value>файл</value> в формате
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261 <link url="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7517#section-5">JSON Web Key Set</link>
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262 для проверки подписи JWT.
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263 В значении параметра допустимо использование переменных.
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264 </para>
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265
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266 <para>
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267 На одном уровне может быть указано
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268 несколько директив <literal>auth_jwt_key_file</literal> (1.21.1):
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269 <example>
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270 auth_jwt_key_file conf/keys.json;
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271 auth_jwt_key_file conf/key.jwk;
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272 </example>
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273 Если хотя бы один из указанных ключей не может быть загружен или обработан,
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274 nginx вернёт ошибку
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275 <http-status code="500" text="Internal Server Error"/>.
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276 </para>
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277
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278 </directive>
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279
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280
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281 <directive name="auth_jwt_key_request">
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282 <syntax><value>uri</value></syntax>
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283 <default/>
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284 <context>http</context>
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285 <context>server</context>
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286 <context>location</context>
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287 <context>limit_except</context>
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288 <appeared-in>1.15.6</appeared-in>
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289
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290 <para>
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291 Позволяет получать файл в формате
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292 <link url="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7517#section-5">JSON Web Key Set</link>
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293 из подзапроса для проверки подписи JWT и
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294 задаёт URI, на который будет отправлен подзапрос.
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295 В значении параметра допустимо использование переменных.
2304
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296 Для предотвращения дополнительных затрат на проверку
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297 файл рекомендутеся кэшировать.
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298 <example>
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299 proxy_cache_path /data/nginx/cache levels=1 keys_zone=foo:10m;
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300
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301 server {
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302 ...
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303
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304 location / {
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305 auth_jwt "closed site";
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306 auth_jwt_key_request /jwks_uri;
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307 }
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308
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309 location = /jwks_uri {
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310 internal;
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311 proxy_cache foo;
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312 proxy_pass http://idp.example.com/keys;
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313 }
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314 }
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315 </example>
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316 На одном уровне может быть указано
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317 несколько директив <literal>auth_jwt_key_request</literal> (1.21.1):
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318 <example>
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319 auth_jwt_key_request /jwks_uri;
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320 auth_jwt_key_request /jwks2_uri;
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321 </example>
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322 Если хотя бы один из указанных ключей не может быть загружен или обработан,
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323 nginx вернёт ошибку
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324 <http-status code="500" text="Internal Server Error"/>.
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325 </para>
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326
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327 </directive>
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328
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329
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330 <directive name="auth_jwt_leeway">
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331 <syntax><value>время</value></syntax>
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332 <default>0s</default>
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333 <context>http</context>
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334 <context>server</context>
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335 <context>location</context>
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336 <appeared-in>1.13.10</appeared-in>
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337
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338 <para>
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339 Задаёт максимально допустимое отклонение времени для компенсации
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340 расхождения часов при проверке JWT claims
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341 <link url="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7519#section-4.1.4">exp</link>
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342 и
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diff changeset
343 <link url="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7519#section-4.1.5">nbf</link>.
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344 </para>
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345
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346 </directive>
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347
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348
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349 <directive name="auth_jwt_type">
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350 <syntax><value>signed</value> |
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351 <value>encrypted</value> |
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352 <value>nested</value></syntax>
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353 <default>signed</default>
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354 <context>http</context>
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355 <context>server</context>
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356 <context>location</context>
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357 <context>limit_except</context>
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358 <appeared-in>1.19.7</appeared-in>
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359
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360 <para>
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361 Задаёт ожидаемый тип JSON Web Token:
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362 JWS (<literal>signed</literal>),
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363 JWE (<literal>encrypted</literal>)
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diff changeset
364 или подписанный и затем зашифрованный
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365 Nested JWT (<literal>nested</literal>) (1.21.0).
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366 </para>
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367
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368 </directive>
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369
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370
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371 <directive name="auth_jwt_require">
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372 <syntax><value>значение</value> ...</syntax>
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373 <default/>
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374 <context>http</context>
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375 <context>server</context>
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376 <context>location</context>
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377 <context>limit_except</context>
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378 <appeared-in>1.21.2</appeared-in>
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379
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380 <para>
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381 Задаёт дополнительные условия для проверки JWT.
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382 В качестве значения можно использовать текст, переменные и их комбинации.
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383 Для успешной аутентификации необходимо, чтобы
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384 значение всех строковых параметров было непустое или не равно “0”.
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385 <example>
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386 map $jwt_claim_iss $valid_jwt_iss {
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387 "good" 1;
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388 }
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389 ...
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390
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391 auth_jwt_require $valid_jwt_iss;
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392 </example>
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393 </para>
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394
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395 </directive>
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396
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397 </section>
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398
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399
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400 <section id="variables" name="Встроенные переменные">
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401
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402 <para>
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403 Модуль <literal>ngx_http_auth_jwt_module</literal>
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404 поддерживает встроенные переменные:
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405 </para>
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406
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407 <para>
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408 <list type="tag" compact="yes">
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409 <tag-name id="var_jwt_header_"><var>$jwt_header_</var><value>имя</value></tag-name>
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410 <tag-desc>
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411 возвращает значение указанного
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412 <link url="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7515#section-4">заголовка JOSE</link>
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413 </tag-desc>
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414
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415 <tag-name id="var_jwt_claim_"><var>$jwt_claim_</var><value>имя</value></tag-name>
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416 <tag-desc>
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417 возвращает значение указанной
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418 <link url="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7519#section-4">JWT claim</link>
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419
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420 <para>
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421 Для вложенных claim, а также claim, содержащих точку (“.”),
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422 значение переменной вычислить невозможно,
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423 следует использовать директиву <link id="auth_jwt_claim_set"/>.
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424 </para>
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425
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426 <para>
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427 Значения переменных для tokens, зашифрованных при помощи JWE,
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428 доступны только после дешифрования, которое происходит в
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429 <link doc="../dev/development_guide.xml" id="http_phases">Access</link>-фазе.
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430 </para>
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431 </tag-desc>
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432
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433 <tag-name id="var_jwt_payload"><var>$jwt_payload</var></tag-name>
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434 <tag-desc>
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435 возвращает расшифрованную полезную нагрузку (payload) верхнего уровня
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436 для <literal>вложенных</literal>
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437 или <literal>зашифрованных</literal> токенов (1.21.2).
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438 Для вложенных токенов возвращает внутренний JWS токен.
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439 Для зашифрованных токенов возвращает JSON с claims.
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440 </tag-desc>
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441
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442 </list>
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443 </para>
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444
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445 </section>
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446
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447 </module>