Mercurial > hg > nginx-site
annotate xml/en/docs/njs/njs_api.xml @ 2182:7865ca0da0ab
Merged HTTP request,response, and reply in njs.
| author | Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com> |
|---|---|
| date | Tue, 19 Jun 2018 15:43:42 +0300 |
| parents | cb431c861670 |
| children | 97526b8346f4 |
| rev | line source |
|---|---|
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1 <?xml version="1.0"?> |
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2 |
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3 <!-- |
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4 Copyright (C) Nginx, Inc. |
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5 --> |
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6 |
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7 <!DOCTYPE article SYSTEM "../../../../dtd/article.dtd"> |
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8 |
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9 <article name="njs API" |
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10 link="/en/docs/njs/njs_api.html" |
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11 lang="en" |
| 2176 | 12 rev="2"> |
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13 |
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14 <section id="summary"> |
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15 |
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16 <para> |
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17 <link doc="../njs_about.xml">njs</link> provides objects, methods and properties |
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18 for extending nginx functionality. |
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19 </para> |
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20 |
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21 </section> |
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22 |
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23 |
| 2176 | 24 <section id="core" name="Core"> |
| 25 | |
| 26 | |
| 27 <section id="core_json" name="JSON"> | |
| 28 | |
| 29 <para> | |
| 30 The <literal>JSON</literal> object (ES 5.1) provides functions | |
| 31 to convert njs values to and from JSON format. | |
| 32 <list type="tag"> | |
| 33 | |
| 34 <tag-name><literal>JSON.parse(<value>string</value>[, | |
| 35 <value>reviver</value>])</literal></tag-name> | |
| 36 <tag-desc> | |
| 37 Converts a <literal>string</literal> that represents JSON data | |
| 38 into an njs object (<literal>{...}</literal>) or | |
| 39 array (<literal>[...]</literal>). | |
| 40 The optional <literal>reviver</literal> parameter is a function (key, value) | |
| 41 that will be called for each (key,value) pair and can transform the value. | |
| 42 </tag-desc> | |
| 43 | |
| 44 <tag-name><literal>JSON.stringify(<value>value</value>[, | |
| 45 <value>replacer</value>] [, <value>space</value>])</literal></tag-name> | |
| 46 <tag-desc> | |
| 47 Converts an njs object back to JSON. | |
| 48 The obligatory <literal>value</literal> parameter is generally a JSON | |
| 49 <literal>object</literal> or <literal>array</literal> that will be converted. | |
| 50 If the value has a <literal>toJSON()</literal> method, | |
| 51 it defines how the object will be serialized. | |
| 52 The optional <literal>replacer</literal> parameter is | |
| 53 a <literal>function</literal> or <literal>array</literal> | |
| 54 that transforms results. | |
| 55 The optional <literal>space</literal> parameter is | |
| 56 a <literal>string</literal> or <literal>number</literal>. | |
| 57 If it is a <literal>number</literal>, | |
| 58 it indicates the number of white spaces placed before a result | |
| 59 (no more than 10). | |
| 60 If it is a <literal>string</literal>, | |
| 61 it is used as a white space (or first 10 characters of it). | |
| 62 If omitted or is <literal>null</literal>, no white space is used. | |
| 63 </tag-desc> | |
| 64 </list> | |
| 65 </para> | |
| 66 | |
| 67 <para> | |
| 68 <example> | |
| 69 >> var json = JSON.parse('{"a":1, "b":true}') | |
| 70 >> json.a | |
| 71 1 | |
| 72 | |
| 73 >> JSON.stringify(json) | |
| 74 {"a":1,"b":true} | |
| 75 | |
| 76 >> JSON.stringify(json, undefined, 1) | |
| 77 { | |
| 78 "a": 1, | |
| 79 "b": true | |
| 80 } | |
| 81 | |
| 82 >> JSON.stringify({ x: [10, undefined, function(){}] }) | |
| 83 {"x":[10,null,null]} | |
| 84 | |
| 85 >> JSON.stringify({"a":1, "toJSON": function() {return "xxx"}}) | |
| 86 "xxx" | |
| 87 | |
| 88 # Example with function replacer | |
| 89 | |
| 90 >> function replacer(key, value) {return (typeof value === 'string') ? undefined : value} | |
| 91 >>JSON.stringify({a:1, b:"b", c:true}, replacer) | |
| 92 {"a":1,"c":true} | |
| 93 </example> | |
| 94 </para> | |
| 95 | |
| 96 </section> | |
| 97 | |
| 2177 | 98 |
| 99 <section id="crypto" name="Crypto"> | |
| 100 | |
| 101 <para> | |
| 102 The Crypto module provides cryptographic functionality support. | |
| 103 The Crypto module object is returned by <literal>require('crypto')</literal>. | |
| 104 </para> | |
| 105 | |
| 106 <para> | |
| 107 <list type="tag"> | |
| 108 | |
| 109 <tag-name><literal>crypto.createHash(<value>algorithm</value>)</literal></tag-name> | |
| 110 <tag-desc> | |
| 111 Creates and returns a <link id="crypto_hash">Hash</link> object | |
| 112 that can be used to generate hash digests | |
| 113 using the given <value>algorithm</value>. | |
| 114 The algorighm can be | |
| 115 <literal>md5</literal>, | |
| 116 <literal>sha1</literal>, and | |
| 117 <literal>sha256</literal>. | |
| 118 </tag-desc> | |
| 119 | |
| 120 <tag-name><literal>crypto.createHmac(<value>algorithm</value>, | |
| 121 <value>secret key</value>)</literal></tag-name> | |
| 122 <tag-desc> | |
| 123 Creates and returns an <link id="crypto_hmac">HMAC</link> object | |
| 124 that uses the given <value>algorithm</value> and <value>secret key</value>. | |
| 125 The algorighm can be | |
| 126 <literal>md5</literal>, | |
| 127 <literal>sha1</literal>, and | |
| 128 <literal>sha256</literal>. | |
| 129 </tag-desc> | |
| 130 | |
| 131 </list> | |
| 132 </para> | |
| 133 | |
| 134 | |
| 135 <section id="crypto_hash" name="Hash"> | |
| 136 | |
| 137 <para> | |
| 138 <list type="tag"> | |
| 139 | |
| 140 <tag-name><literal>hash.update(<value>data</value>)</literal></tag-name> | |
| 141 <tag-desc> | |
| 142 Updates the hash content with the given <value>data</value>. | |
| 143 </tag-desc> | |
| 144 | |
| 145 <tag-name><literal>hash.digest([<value>encoding</value>])</literal></tag-name> | |
| 146 <tag-desc> | |
| 147 Calculates the digest of all of the data passed using | |
| 148 <literal>hash.update()</literal>. | |
| 149 The encoding can be | |
| 150 <literal>hex</literal>, | |
| 151 <literal>base64</literal>, and | |
| 152 <literal>base64url</literal>. | |
| 153 If encoding is not provided, a byte string is returned. | |
| 154 </tag-desc> | |
| 155 | |
| 156 </list> | |
| 157 </para> | |
| 158 | |
| 159 <para> | |
| 160 <example> | |
| 161 >> var cr = require('crypto') | |
| 162 undefined | |
| 163 | |
| 164 >> cr.createHash('sha1').update('A').update('B').digest('base64url') | |
| 165 BtlFlCqiamG-GMPiK_GbvKjdK10 | |
| 166 </example> | |
| 167 </para> | |
| 168 | |
| 169 </section> | |
| 170 | |
| 171 | |
| 172 <section id="crypto_hmac" name="HMAC"> | |
| 173 | |
| 174 <para> | |
| 175 <list type="tag"> | |
| 176 | |
| 177 <tag-name><literal>hmac.update(<value>data</value>)</literal></tag-name> | |
| 178 <tag-desc> | |
| 179 Updates the HMAC content with the given <value>data</value>. | |
| 180 </tag-desc> | |
| 181 | |
| 182 <tag-name><literal>hmac.digest([<value>encoding</value>])</literal></tag-name> | |
| 183 <tag-desc> | |
| 184 Calculates the HMAC digest of all of the data passed using | |
| 185 <literal>hmac.update()</literal>. | |
| 186 The encoding can be | |
| 187 <literal>hex</literal>, | |
| 188 <literal>base64</literal>, and | |
| 189 <literal>base64url</literal>. | |
| 190 If encoding is not provided, a byte string is returned. | |
| 191 </tag-desc> | |
| 192 </list> | |
| 193 </para> | |
| 194 | |
| 195 <para> | |
| 196 <example> | |
| 197 >> var cr = require('crypto') | |
| 198 undefined | |
| 199 | |
| 200 >> cr.createHmac('sha1', 'secret.key').update('AB').digest('base64url') | |
| 201 Oglm93xn23_MkiaEq_e9u8zk374 | |
| 202 </example> | |
| 203 </para> | |
| 204 | |
| 205 </section> | |
| 206 | |
| 207 </section> | |
| 208 | |
| 2176 | 209 </section> |
| 210 | |
| 211 | |
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212 <section id="http" name="HTTP"> |
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213 |
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214 |
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215 <section id="http_request" name="Request"> |
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216 |
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217 <para> |
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218 The <literal>HTTP</literal> object is available only in the |
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219 <link doc="../http/ngx_http_js_module.xml">ngx_http_js_module</link> module. |
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220 </para> |
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221 |
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222 <para> |
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223 <list type="tag"> |
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224 |
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225 <tag-name><literal>r.args{}</literal></tag-name> |
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226 <tag-desc> |
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227 request arguments object, read-only |
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228 </tag-desc> |
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229 |
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230 <tag-name><literal>r.error(<value>string</value>)</literal></tag-name> |
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231 <tag-desc> |
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232 writes a <literal>string</literal> to the error log |
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233 on the <literal>error</literal> level of logging |
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234 </tag-desc> |
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235 |
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236 <tag-name><literal>r.finish()</literal></tag-name> |
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237 <tag-desc> |
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238 finishes sending a response to the client |
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239 </tag-desc> |
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240 |
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241 <tag-name><literal>r.headersIn{}</literal></tag-name> |
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242 <tag-desc> |
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243 incoming headers object, read-only. |
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244 <para> |
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245 For example, the <literal>Header-Name</literal> header |
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246 can be accessed with the syntax <literal>headers['Header-Name']</literal> |
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247 or <literal>headers.Header_name</literal> |
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248 </para> |
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249 </tag-desc> |
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250 |
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251 <tag-name><literal>r.headersOut{}</literal></tag-name> |
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252 <tag-desc> |
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253 outgoing headers object, writable. |
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254 <para> |
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255 For example, the <literal>Header-Name</literal> header |
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256 can be accessed with the syntax <literal>headers['Header-Name']</literal> |
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257 or <literal>headers.Header_name</literal> |
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258 </para> |
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259 </tag-desc> |
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260 |
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261 <tag-name><literal>r.httpVersion</literal></tag-name> |
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262 <tag-desc> |
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263 HTTP version, read-only |
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264 </tag-desc> |
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265 |
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266 <tag-name><literal>r.log(<value>string</value>)</literal></tag-name> |
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267 <tag-desc> |
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268 writes a <literal>string</literal> to the error log |
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269 on the <literal>info</literal> level of logging |
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270 </tag-desc> |
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271 |
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272 <tag-name><literal>r.method</literal></tag-name> |
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273 <tag-desc> |
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274 HTTP method, read-only |
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275 </tag-desc> |
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276 |
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277 <tag-name><literal>r.parent</literal></tag-name> |
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278 <tag-desc> |
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279 references the parent request object |
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280 </tag-desc> |
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281 |
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282 <tag-name><literal>r.remoteAddress</literal></tag-name> |
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283 <tag-desc> |
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284 client address, read-only |
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285 </tag-desc> |
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286 |
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287 <tag-name><literal>r.requestBody</literal></tag-name> |
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288 <tag-desc> |
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289 holds the request body, read-only |
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290 </tag-desc> |
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291 |
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292 <tag-name><literal>r.responseBody</literal></tag-name> |
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293 <tag-desc> |
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294 holds the <link id="subrequest">subrequest</link> response body, read-only |
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295 </tag-desc> |
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296 |
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297 <tag-name><literal>r.return(status[, string])</literal></tag-name> |
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298 <tag-desc> |
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299 sends the entire response |
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300 with the specified <literal>status</literal> to the client |
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301 <para> |
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302 It is possible to specify either a redirect URL |
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303 (for codes 301, 302, 303, 307, and 308) |
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304 or the response body text (for other codes) as the second argument |
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305 </para> |
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306 </tag-desc> |
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307 |
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308 <tag-name><literal>r.send(<value>string</value>)</literal></tag-name> |
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309 <tag-desc> |
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310 sends a part of the response body to the client |
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311 </tag-desc> |
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312 |
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313 <tag-name><literal>r.sendHeader()</literal></tag-name> |
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314 <tag-desc> |
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315 sends the HTTP headers to the client |
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316 </tag-desc> |
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317 |
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318 <tag-name><literal>r.status</literal></tag-name> |
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319 <tag-desc> |
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320 status, writable |
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321 </tag-desc> |
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322 |
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323 <tag-name><literal>r.variables{}</literal></tag-name> |
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324 <tag-desc> |
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325 nginx variables object, read-only |
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326 </tag-desc> |
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327 |
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328 <tag-name><literal>r.warn(<value>string</value>)</literal></tag-name> |
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329 <tag-desc> |
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330 writes a <literal>string</literal> to the error log |
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331 on the <literal>warning</literal> level of logging |
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332 </tag-desc> |
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333 |
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334 <tag-name><literal>r.uri</literal></tag-name> |
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335 <tag-desc> |
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336 current URI, read-only |
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337 </tag-desc> |
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338 |
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339 <tag-name id="subrequest"><literal>r.subrequest(<value>uri</value>[, |
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340 <value>options</value>[, <value>callback</value>]])</literal></tag-name> |
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341 <tag-desc> |
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342 creates a subrequest with the given <literal>uri</literal> and |
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343 <literal>options</literal>, and installs |
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344 an optional completion <literal>callback</literal>. |
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345 |
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346 <para> |
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347 If <literal>options</literal> is a string, then it |
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348 holds the subrequest arguments string. |
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349 Otherwise, <literal>options</literal> is expected to be |
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350 an object with the following keys: |
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351 |
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352 <list type="tag"> |
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353 <tag-name><literal>args</literal></tag-name> |
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354 <tag-desc> |
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355 arguments string |
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356 </tag-desc> |
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357 |
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358 <tag-name><literal>body</literal></tag-name> |
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359 <tag-desc> |
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360 request body |
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361 </tag-desc> |
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362 |
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363 <tag-name><literal>method</literal></tag-name> |
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364 <tag-desc> |
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365 HTTP method |
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366 </tag-desc> |
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367 |
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368 </list> |
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369 </para> |
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370 |
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371 <para> |
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372 The completion <literal>callback</literal> receives |
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373 a subrequest response object with methods and properties |
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374 identical to the parent request object. |
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375 </para> |
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376 </tag-desc> |
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377 |
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378 </list> |
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379 </para> |
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380 |
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381 </section> |
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382 |
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383 </section> |
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384 |
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385 |
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386 <section id="stream" name="Stream"> |
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387 |
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388 <para> |
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389 The <literal>stream</literal> object is available only in the |
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390 <link doc="../stream/ngx_stream_js_module.xml">ngx_stream_js_module</link> |
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391 module. |
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392 </para> |
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393 |
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394 |
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395 <section id="stream_session" name="Session"> |
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396 |
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397 <para> |
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398 <list type="tag"> |
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399 |
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400 <tag-name><literal>s.remoteAddress</literal></tag-name> |
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401 <tag-desc> |
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402 client address, read-only |
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403 </tag-desc> |
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404 |
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405 <tag-name><literal>s.eof</literal></tag-name> |
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406 <tag-desc> |
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407 a boolean read-only property, true if the current buffer is the last buffer |
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408 </tag-desc> |
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409 |
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410 <tag-name><literal>s.fromUpstream</literal></tag-name> |
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411 <tag-desc> |
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412 a boolean read-only property, |
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413 true if the current buffer is from the upstream server to the client |
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414 </tag-desc> |
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415 |
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416 <tag-name><literal>s.buffer</literal></tag-name> |
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417 <tag-desc> |
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418 the current buffer, writable |
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419 </tag-desc> |
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420 |
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421 <tag-name><literal>s.variables{}</literal></tag-name> |
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422 <tag-desc> |
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423 nginx variables object, read-only |
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424 </tag-desc> |
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425 |
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426 <tag-name><literal>s.OK</literal></tag-name> |
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427 <tag-desc> |
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428 the <literal>OK</literal> return code |
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429 </tag-desc> |
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430 |
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431 <tag-name><literal>s.DECLINED</literal></tag-name> |
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432 <tag-desc> |
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433 the <literal>DECLINED</literal> return code |
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434 </tag-desc> |
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435 |
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436 <tag-name><literal>s.AGAIN</literal></tag-name> |
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437 <tag-desc> |
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438 the <literal>AGAIN</literal> return code |
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439 </tag-desc> |
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440 |
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441 <tag-name><literal>s.ERROR</literal></tag-name> |
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442 <tag-desc> |
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443 the <literal>ERROR</literal> return code |
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444 </tag-desc> |
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445 |
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446 <tag-name><literal>s.ABORT</literal></tag-name> |
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447 <tag-desc> |
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448 the <literal>ABORT</literal> return code |
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449 </tag-desc> |
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450 |
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451 <tag-name><literal>s.log(<value>string</value>)</literal></tag-name> |
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452 <tag-desc> |
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453 writes a sent <value>string</value> to the error log |
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454 on the <literal>info</literal> level of logging |
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455 </tag-desc> |
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456 |
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457 <tag-name><literal>s.warn(<value>string</value>)</literal></tag-name> |
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458 <tag-desc> |
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459 writes a sent <literal>string</literal> to the error log |
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460 on the <literal>warning</literal> level of logging |
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461 </tag-desc> |
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462 |
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463 <tag-name><literal>s.error(<value>string</value>)</literal></tag-name> |
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464 <tag-desc> |
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465 writes a sent <literal>string</literal> to the error log |
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466 on the <literal>error</literal> level of logging |
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467 </tag-desc> |
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468 |
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469 </list> |
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470 </para> |
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471 |
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472 </section> |
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473 |
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474 </section> |
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475 |
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476 |
| 2178 | 477 <section id="example" name="Examples"> |
| 478 | |
| 479 | |
| 480 <section id="example_urldecode" name="URL Decoding"> | |
| 481 | |
| 482 <para> | |
| 483 <example> | |
| 484 js_include urldecode.js; | |
| 485 | |
| 486 js_set $decoded_foo decoded_foo; | |
| 487 </example> | |
| 488 </para> | |
| 489 | |
| 490 <para> | |
| 491 The <path>urldecode.js</path> file: | |
| 492 <example> | |
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493 function decoded_foo(r) { |
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494 return decodeURIComponent(r.args.foo); |
| 2178 | 495 } |
| 496 </example> | |
| 497 </para> | |
| 498 | |
| 499 </section> | |
| 500 | |
| 501 | |
| 502 <section id="example_urlencode" name="URL Encoding"> | |
| 503 | |
| 504 <para> | |
| 505 <example> | |
| 506 js_include urlencode.js; | |
| 507 | |
| 508 js_set $encoded_foo encoded_foo; | |
| 509 ... | |
| 510 | |
| 511 location / { | |
| 512 proxy_pass http://example.com?foo=$encoded_foo; | |
| 513 } | |
| 514 </example> | |
| 515 </para> | |
| 516 | |
| 517 <para> | |
| 518 The <path>urlencode.js</path> file: | |
| 519 <example> | |
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520 function encoded_foo(r) { |
| 2178 | 521 return encodeURIComponent('foo & bar?'); |
| 522 } | |
| 523 </example> | |
| 524 </para> | |
| 525 | |
| 526 </section> | |
| 527 | |
| 528 | |
| 529 <section id="example_fast_response" name="Returning Fastest Response from Proxy"> | |
| 530 | |
| 531 <para> | |
| 532 <example> | |
| 533 js_include fastresponse.js; | |
| 534 | |
| 535 location /start { | |
| 536 js_content content; | |
| 537 } | |
| 538 | |
| 539 location /foo { | |
| 540 proxy_pass http://backend1; | |
| 541 } | |
| 542 | |
| 543 location /bar { | |
| 544 proxy_pass http://backend2; | |
| 545 } | |
| 546 </example> | |
| 547 </para> | |
| 548 | |
| 549 <para> | |
| 550 The <path>fastresponse.js</path> file: | |
| 551 <example> | |
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552 function content(r) { |
| 2178 | 553 var n = 0; |
| 554 | |
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555 function done(res) { |
| 2178 | 556 if (n++ == 0) { |
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557 r.return(res.status, res.responseBody); |
| 2178 | 558 } |
| 559 } | |
| 560 | |
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561 r.subrequest('/foo', r.variables.args, done); |
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562 r.subrequest('/bar', r.variables.args, done); |
| 2178 | 563 } |
| 564 </example> | |
| 565 </para> | |
| 566 | |
| 567 </section> | |
| 568 | |
| 569 | |
| 570 <section id="example_jwt" name="Creating HS JWT"> | |
| 571 | |
| 572 <para> | |
| 573 <example> | |
| 574 js_include hs_jwt.js; | |
| 575 | |
| 576 js_set $jwt jwt; | |
| 577 </example> | |
| 578 </para> | |
| 579 | |
| 580 <para> | |
| 581 The <path>hs_jwt.js</path> file: | |
| 582 <example> | |
| 583 function create_hs256_jwt(claims, key, valid) { | |
| 584 var header = { "typ" : "JWT", "alg" : "HS256", "exp" : Date.now() + valid }; | |
| 585 | |
| 586 var s = JSON.stringify(header).toBytes().toString('base64url') + '.' | |
| 587 + JSON.stringify(claims).toBytes().toString('base64url'); | |
| 588 | |
| 589 var h = require('crypto').createHmac('sha256', key); | |
| 590 | |
| 591 return s + '.' + h.update(s).digest().toString('base64url'); | |
| 592 } | |
| 593 | |
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594 function jwt(r) { |
| 2178 | 595 var claims = { |
| 596 "iss" : "nginx", | |
| 597 "sub" : "alice", | |
| 598 "foo" : 123, | |
| 599 "bar" : "qq", | |
| 600 "zyx" : false | |
| 601 }; | |
| 602 | |
| 603 return create_hs256_jwt(claims, 'foo', 600); | |
| 604 } | |
| 605 </example> | |
| 606 </para> | |
| 607 | |
| 608 </section> | |
| 609 | |
| 610 | |
| 611 <section id="example_subrequest" name="Accessing API from a Subrequest"> | |
| 612 | |
| 613 <para> | |
| 614 <example> | |
| 615 js_include subrequest.js; | |
| 616 | |
| 617 keyval_zone zone=foo:10m; | |
| 618 ... | |
| 619 | |
| 620 location /keyval { | |
| 621 js_content set_keyval; | |
| 622 } | |
| 623 | |
| 624 location /version { | |
| 625 js_content version; | |
| 626 } | |
| 627 | |
| 628 location /api { | |
| 629 api write=on; | |
| 630 } | |
| 631 </example> | |
| 632 </para> | |
| 633 | |
| 634 <para> | |
| 635 The <path>subrequest.js</path> file: | |
| 636 <example> | |
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637 function set_keyval(r) { |
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638 r.subrequest('/api/3/http/keyvals/foo', |
| 2178 | 639 { method: 'POST', |
| 640 body: JSON.stringify({ foo: 789, bar: "ss dd 00" })}, | |
| 641 | |
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642 function(res) { |
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643 if (res.status >= 300) { |
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644 r.return(res.status, res.responseBody); |
| 2178 | 645 return; |
| 646 } | |
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647 r.return(500); |
| 2178 | 648 }); |
| 649 } | |
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650 function version(r) { |
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651 r.subrequest('/api/3/nginx', { method: 'GET' }, function(res) { |
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652 if (res.status != 200) { |
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653 r.return(res.status); |
| 2178 | 654 return; |
| 655 } | |
| 656 | |
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657 var json = JSON.parse(res.responseBody); |
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658 r.return(200, json.version); |
| 2178 | 659 }); |
| 660 } | |
| 661 </example> | |
| 662 </para> | |
| 663 | |
| 664 </section> | |
| 665 | |
| 666 | |
| 667 <section id="example_secure_link" name="Creating secure_link Hash"> | |
| 668 | |
| 669 <para> | |
| 670 <example> | |
| 671 js_include hash.js; | |
| 672 | |
| 673 js_set $new_foo create_secure_link; | |
| 674 ... | |
| 675 | |
| 676 location / { | |
| 677 secure_link $cookie_foo; | |
| 678 secure_link_md5 "$uri mykey"; | |
| 679 ... | |
| 680 } | |
| 681 | |
| 682 location @login { | |
| 683 add_header Set-Cookie "foo=$new_foo; Max-Age=60"; | |
| 684 return 302 /; | |
| 685 } | |
| 686 </example> | |
| 687 </para> | |
| 688 | |
| 689 <para> | |
| 690 The <path>hash.js</path> file: | |
| 691 <example> | |
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692 function create_secure_link(r) { |
| 2178 | 693 return require('crypto').createHash('md5') |
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694 .update(r.uri).update(" mykey") |
| 2178 | 695 .digest('base64url'); |
| 696 } | |
| 697 </example> | |
| 698 </para> | |
| 699 | |
| 700 </section> | |
| 701 | |
| 702 </section> | |
| 703 | |
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704 </article> |