annotate xml/en/docs/http/ngx_http_limit_req_module.xml @ 2462:63a2a3dc3d63

Documented the $limit_req_status variable.
author Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
date Fri, 15 Nov 2019 15:52:43 +0300
parents 384211f17f5a
children e4332b7580bb
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1 <?xml version="1.0"?>
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2
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3 <!--
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4 Copyright (C) Igor Sysoev
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5 Copyright (C) Nginx, Inc.
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6 -->
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7
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8 <!DOCTYPE module SYSTEM "../../../../dtd/module.dtd">
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9
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10 <module name="Module ngx_http_limit_req_module"
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11 link="/en/docs/http/ngx_http_limit_req_module.html"
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12 lang="en"
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13 rev="13">
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14
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15 <section id="summary">
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16
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17 <para>
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18 The <literal>ngx_http_limit_req_module</literal> module (0.7.21) is used
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19 to limit the request processing rate per a defined key,
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20 in particular, the processing rate of requests coming
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21 from a single IP address.
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22 The limitation is done using the “leaky bucket” method.
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23 </para>
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24
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25 </section>
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26
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27
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28 <section id="example" name="Example Configuration">
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29
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30 <para>
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31 <example>
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32 http {
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33 limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=one:10m rate=1r/s;
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35 ...
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36
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37 server {
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39 ...
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40
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41 location /search/ {
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42 limit_req zone=one burst=5;
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43 }
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44 </example>
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45 </para>
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46
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47 </section>
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48
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49
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50 <section id="directives" name="Directives">
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51
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52 <directive name="limit_req">
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53 <syntax>
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54 <literal>zone</literal>=<value>name</value>
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55 [<literal>burst</literal>=<value>number</value>]
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56 [<literal>nodelay</literal> |
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57 <literal>delay</literal>=<value>number</value>]</syntax>
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58 <default/>
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59 <context>http</context>
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60 <context>server</context>
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61 <context>location</context>
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62
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63 <para>
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64 Sets the shared memory zone
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65 and the maximum burst size of requests.
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66 If the requests rate exceeds the rate configured for a zone,
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67 their processing is delayed such that requests are processed
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68 at a defined rate.
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69 Excessive requests are delayed until their number exceeds the
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70 maximum burst size
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71 in which case the request is terminated with an
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72 <link id="limit_req_status">error</link>.
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73 By default, the maximum burst size is equal to zero.
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74 For example, the directives
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75 <example>
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76 limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=one:10m rate=1r/s;
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77
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78 server {
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79 location /search/ {
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80 limit_req zone=one burst=5;
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81 }
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82 </example>
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83 allow not more than 1 request per second at an average,
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84 with bursts not exceeding 5 requests.
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85 </para>
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86
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87 <para>
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88 If delaying of excessive requests while requests are being limited is not
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89 desired, the parameter <literal>nodelay</literal> should be used:
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90 <example>
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91 limit_req zone=one burst=5 nodelay;
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92 </example>
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93 </para>
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94
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95 <para id="limit_req_delay">
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96 The <literal>delay</literal> parameter (1.15.7) specifies a limit
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97 at which excessive requests become delayed.
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98 Default value is zero, i.e. all excessive requests are delayed.
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99 </para>
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100
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101 <para>
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102 There could be several <literal>limit_req</literal> directives.
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103 For example, the following configuration will limit the processing rate
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104 of requests coming from a single IP address and, at the same time,
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105 the request processing rate by the virtual server:
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106 <example>
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107 limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=perip:10m rate=1r/s;
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108 limit_req_zone $server_name zone=perserver:10m rate=10r/s;
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109
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110 server {
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111 ...
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112 limit_req zone=perip burst=5 nodelay;
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113 limit_req zone=perserver burst=10;
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114 }
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115 </example>
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116
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117 </para>
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118
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119 <para>
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120 These directives are inherited from the previous level if and
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121 only if there are no
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122 <literal>limit_req</literal>
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123 directives on the current level.
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124 </para>
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125
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126 </directive>
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127
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128
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129 <directive name="limit_req_dry_run">
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130 <syntax><literal>on</literal> | <literal>off</literal></syntax>
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131 <default>off</default>
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132 <context>http</context>
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133 <context>server</context>
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134 <context>location</context>
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135 <appeared-in>1.17.1</appeared-in>
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136
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137 <para>
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138 Enables the dry run mode.
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139 In this mode, requests processing rate is not limited, however,
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140 in the shared memory zone, the number of excessive requests is accounted
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141 as usual.
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142 </para>
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143
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144 </directive>
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145
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146
179
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147 <directive name="limit_req_log_level">
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148 <syntax>
271
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149 <literal>info</literal> |
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150 <literal>notice</literal> |
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151 <literal>warn</literal> |
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152 <literal>error</literal></syntax>
179
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153 <default>error</default>
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154 <context>http</context>
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155 <context>server</context>
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156 <context>location</context>
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157 <appeared-in>0.8.18</appeared-in>
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158
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159 <para>
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160 Sets the desired logging level
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161 for cases when the server refuses to process requests
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162 due to rate exceeding,
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163 or delays request processing.
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164 Logging level for delays is one point less than for refusals; for example,
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165 if “<literal>limit_req_log_level notice</literal>” is specified,
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166 delays are logged with the <literal>info</literal> level.
179
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167 </para>
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168
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169 </directive>
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170
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171
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172 <directive name="limit_req_status">
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173 <syntax><value>code</value></syntax>
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174 <default>503</default>
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175 <context>http</context>
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176 <context>server</context>
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177 <context>location</context>
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178 <appeared-in>1.3.15</appeared-in>
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179
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180 <para>
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181 Sets the status code to return in response to rejected requests.
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182 </para>
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183
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184 </directive>
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185
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186
179
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187 <directive name="limit_req_zone">
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188 <syntax>
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189 <value>key</value>
271
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190 <literal>zone</literal>=<value>name</value>:<value>size</value>
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191 <literal>rate</literal>=<value>rate</value>
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192 [<literal>sync</literal>]</syntax>
179
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193 <default/>
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194 <context>http</context>
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195
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196 <para>
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197 Sets parameters for a shared memory zone
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198 that will keep states for various keys.
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199 In particular, the state stores the current number of excessive requests.
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200 The <value>key</value> can contain text, variables, and their combination.
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201 Requests with an empty key value are not accounted.
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202 <note>
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203 Prior to version 1.7.6, a <value>key</value> could contain exactly one variable.
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204 </note>
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205 Usage example:
179
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206 <example>
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207 limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=one:10m rate=1r/s;
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208 </example>
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209 </para>
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210
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211 <para>
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212 Here, the states are kept in a 10 megabyte zone “one”, and an
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213 average request processing rate for this zone cannot exceed
179
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214 1 request per second.
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215 </para>
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216
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217 <para>
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218 A client IP address serves as a key.
179
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219 Note that instead of <var>$remote_addr</var>, the
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220 <var>$binary_remote_addr</var> variable is used here.
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221 The <var>$binary_remote_addr</var> variable’s size
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222 is always 4 bytes for IPv4 addresses or 16 bytes for IPv6 addresses.
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223 The stored state always occupies
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224 64 bytes on 32-bit platforms and 128 bytes on 64-bit platforms.
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225 One megabyte zone can keep about 16 thousand 64-byte states
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226 or about 8 thousand 128-byte states.
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227 </para>
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228
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229 <para>
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230 If the zone storage is exhausted, the least recently used state is removed.
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231 Even if after that a new state cannot be created, the request is terminated with
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232 an <link id="limit_req_status">error</link>.
179
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233 </para>
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234
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235 <para>
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236 The rate is specified in requests per second (r/s).
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237 If a rate of less than one request per second is desired,
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238 it is specified in request per minute (r/m).
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239 For example, half-request per second is 30r/m.
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240 </para>
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241
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242 <para id="limit_req_zone_sync">
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243 The <literal>sync</literal> parameter (1.15.3) enables
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244 <link doc="../stream/ngx_stream_zone_sync_module.xml" id="zone_sync">synchronization</link>
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245 of the shared memory zone.
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246 <note>
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247 The <literal>sync</literal> parameter is available as part of our
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248 <commercial_version>commercial subscription</commercial_version>.
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249 </note>
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250 </para>
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251
179
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252 </directive>
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253
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254 </section>
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255
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256
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257 <section id="variables" name="Embedded Variables">
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258
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259 <para>
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260 <list type="tag">
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261
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262 <tag-name id="var_limit_req_status"><var>$limit_req_status</var></tag-name>
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263 <tag-desc>
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264 keeps the result of limiting the request processing rate (1.17.6):
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265 <literal>PASSED</literal>,
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266 <literal>DELAYED</literal>,
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267 <literal>REJECTED</literal>,
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268 <literal>DELAYED_DRY_RUN</literal>, or
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269 <literal>REJECTED_DRY_RUN</literal>
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270 </tag-desc>
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271
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272 </list>
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273 </para>
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274
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275 </section>
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276
179
8cc01e2179a9 - Reflected recent changes made to ngx_http_limit_conn_module.
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277 </module>