Mercurial > hg > nginx-site
annotate xml/ru/docs/http/ngx_http_mp4_module.xml @ 2769:16f6fa718be2
Updated TLSv1.3 support notes.
Previous notes described some early development snapshot of OpenSSL 1.1.1
with disabled TLSv1.3 by default. It was then enabled in the first alpha.
Further, the updated text covers later major releases such as OpenSSL 3.0.
author | Sergey Kandaurov <pluknet@nginx.com> |
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date | Thu, 30 Sep 2021 16:29:20 +0300 |
parents | 1594ed379f1f |
children | bcdb13e1e8c6 |
rev | line source |
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Russian translation of ngx_http_mp4_module.
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1 <?xml version="1.0"?> |
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2 |
580
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3 <!-- |
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4 Copyright (C) Nginx, Inc. |
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5 --> |
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6 |
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7 <!DOCTYPE module SYSTEM "../../../../dtd/module.dtd"> |
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8 |
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9 <module name="Модуль ngx_http_mp4_module" |
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10 link="/ru/docs/http/ngx_http_mp4_module.html" |
589 | 11 lang="ru" |
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12 rev="7"> |
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13 |
110
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14 <section id="summary"> |
87
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15 |
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16 <para> |
271 | 17 Модуль <literal>ngx_http_mp4_module</literal> обеспечивает серверную поддержку |
1105
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18 псевдо-стриминга для файлов в формате MP4. |
365 | 19 Такие файлы обычно имеют расширения |
148
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20 <path>.mp4</path>, <path>.m4v</path> и <path>.m4a</path>. |
87
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21 </para> |
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22 |
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23 <para> |
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24 Псевдо-стриминг работает в паре с совместимым Flash-плеером. |
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25 Плеер посылает серверу HTTP-запрос с указанием точки времени старта |
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26 в аргументе |
271 | 27 <literal>start</literal> |
87
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28 строки запроса (время задаётся в секундах), а сервер в |
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29 ответ посылает поток, у которого начальная позиция соответствует |
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30 запрошенному времени, например: |
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31 <example> |
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32 http://example.com/elephants_dream.mp4?start=238.88 |
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33 </example> |
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34 Это позволяет в любой момент времени выполнить произвольное |
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35 позиционирование, а также начать воспроизведение с середины |
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36 временной шкалы. |
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37 </para> |
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38 |
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39 <para> |
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40 В форматах, основанных на H.264, метаданные, необходимые для поддержки |
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41 позиционирования, хранятся в так называемом “moov-атоме”. |
87
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42 Это часть файла, которая содержит индексную информацию для всего файла. |
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43 </para> |
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44 |
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45 <para> |
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46 До начала воспроизведения плееру необходимо прочитать метаданные. |
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47 Для этого он отсылает специальный запрос с аргументом |
271 | 48 <literal>start=0</literal>. |
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49 Многие кодирующие программы добавляют метаданные в конец файла. |
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50 Это неоптимально для псевдо-стриминга, поскольку плееру |
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51 потребуется загрузить файл целиком прежде чем начать воспроизведение. |
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52 Если метаданные находятся в начале файла, |
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53 nginx’у достаточно начать отправлять в ответ содержимое файла. |
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54 Если же метаданные находятся в конце файла, |
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55 потребуется прочитать весь |
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56 файл и подготовить новый поток, в котором метаданные предшествуют |
1096
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57 медийным данным. |
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58 Это требует дополнительного процессорного |
87
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59 времени, памяти и дискового ввода/вывода, поэтому лучше |
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60 заранее <link |
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61 url="http://flowplayer.org/plugins/streaming/pseudostreaming.html#prepare"> |
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62 подготовить исходный файл для псевдо-стриминга</link>, |
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63 нежели делать это для каждого запроса. |
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64 </para> |
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65 |
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66 <para> |
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67 Модуль также поддерживает аргумент <literal>end</literal> HTTP-запроса |
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68 (1.5.13), задающий время окончания воспроизведения потока. |
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69 Аргумент <literal>end</literal> задаётся совместно с |
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70 аргументом <literal>start</literal> |
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71 или самостоятельно: |
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72 <example> |
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73 http://example.com/elephants_dream.mp4?start=238.88&end=555.55 |
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74 </example> |
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75 </para> |
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76 |
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77 <para> |
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78 Для запроса с ненулевыми аргументами |
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79 <literal>start</literal> или <literal>end</literal> |
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80 nginx считывает из файла метаданные, готовит поток с запрошенным |
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81 диапазоном и отправляет его клиенту. |
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82 Это тоже требует дополнительных ресурсов, как указано выше. |
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83 </para> |
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84 |
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85 <para> |
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86 Если запрос, обрабатываемый этим модулем, не содержит аргументов |
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87 <literal>start</literal> и <literal>end</literal>, |
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88 дополнительные ресурсы не тратятся, а файл отсылается непосредственно как |
87
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89 статический ресурс. |
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90 Некоторые плееры также поддерживают запросы с указанием диапазона |
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91 запрашиваемых байт (byte-range requests), для них этот модуль не требуется. |
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92 </para> |
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93 |
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94 <para> |
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95 По умолчанию этот модуль не собирается, его сборку необходимо |
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96 разрешить с помощью конфигурационного параметра |
271 | 97 <literal>--with-http_mp4_module</literal>. |
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98 <note> |
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99 Если ранее использовался сторонний модуль mp4, следует его отключить. |
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100 </note> |
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101 </para> |
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102 |
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103 <para> |
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104 Схожая поддержка псевдо-стриминга для FLV-файлов обеспечивается модулем |
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105 <link doc="ngx_http_flv_module.xml">ngx_http_flv_module</link>. |
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106 </para> |
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107 |
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108 </section> |
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109 |
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110 |
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111 <section id="example" name="Пример конфигурации"> |
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112 |
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113 <para> |
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114 <example> |
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115 location /video/ { |
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116 mp4; |
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117 mp4_buffer_size 1m; |
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118 mp4_max_buffer_size 5m; |
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119 } |
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120 </example> |
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121 </para> |
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122 |
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123 </section> |
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124 |
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125 |
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126 <section id="directives" name="Директивы"> |
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127 |
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128 <directive name="mp4"> |
102
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129 <syntax/> |
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130 <default/> |
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131 <context>location</context> |
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132 |
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133 <para> |
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134 Включает в содержащем location обработку этим модулем. |
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135 </para> |
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136 |
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137 </directive> |
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138 |
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139 |
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140 <directive name="mp4_buffer_size"> |
271 | 141 <syntax><value>размер</value></syntax> |
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142 <default>512K</default> |
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143 <context>http</context> |
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144 <context>server</context> |
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145 <context>location</context> |
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146 |
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147 <para> |
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148 Задаёт начальный размер буфера, используемого при обработке MP4-файлов. |
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149 </para> |
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150 |
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151 </directive> |
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152 |
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153 |
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154 <directive name="mp4_max_buffer_size"> |
271 | 155 <syntax><value>размер</value></syntax> |
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156 <default>10M</default> |
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157 <context>http</context> |
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158 <context>server</context> |
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159 <context>location</context> |
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160 |
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161 <para> |
966 | 162 В ходе обработки метаданных может понадобиться буфер большего размера. |
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163 Его размер не может превышать указанного, |
966 | 164 иначе nginx вернёт серверную ошибку |
87
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165 <http-status code="500" text="Internal Server Error"/> |
966 | 166 и запишет в лог следующее сообщение: |
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167 <example> |
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168 "/some/movie/file.mp4" mp4 moov atom is too large: |
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169 12583268, you may want to increase mp4_max_buffer_size |
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170 </example> |
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171 </para> |
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172 |
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173 </directive> |
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174 |
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175 |
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176 <directive name="mp4_limit_rate"> |
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177 <syntax> |
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178 <literal>on</literal> | |
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179 <literal>off</literal> | |
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180 <value>множитель</value></syntax> |
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181 <default>off</default> |
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182 <context>http</context> |
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183 <context>server</context> |
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184 <context>location</context> |
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185 |
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186 <para> |
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187 Ограничивает скорость передачи ответа клиенту. |
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188 Ограничение основывается на значении усреднённого битрейта запрашиваемого |
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189 MP4-файла. |
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190 Скорость вычисляется умножением битрейта на задаваемый |
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191 <value>множитель</value>. |
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192 Специальное значение “<literal>on</literal>” соответствует множителю 1.1. |
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193 Специальное значение “<literal>off</literal>” отключает ограничение скорости. |
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194 Ограничение устанавливается на запрос, поэтому, если клиент одновременно |
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195 откроет два соединения, суммарная скорость будет вдвое выше |
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196 заданного ограничения. |
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197 </para> |
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198 |
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199 <para> |
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200 <note> |
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201 Директива доступна как часть |
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202 <commercial_version>коммерческой подписки</commercial_version>. |
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203 </note> |
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204 </para> |
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205 |
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206 </directive> |
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207 |
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208 |
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209 <directive name="mp4_limit_rate_after"> |
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210 <syntax><value>время</value></syntax> |
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211 <default>60s</default> |
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212 <context>http</context> |
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213 <context>server</context> |
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214 <context>location</context> |
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215 |
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216 <para> |
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217 Задаёт начальный объём медиаданных (измеряется как время воспроизведения), |
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218 после отправки которого начинает ограничиваться |
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219 скорость передачи ответа клиенту. |
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220 </para> |
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221 |
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222 <para> |
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223 <note> |
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224 Директива доступна как часть |
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225 <commercial_version>коммерческой подписки</commercial_version>. |
1103
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226 </note> |
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227 </para> |
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228 |
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229 </directive> |
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230 |
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231 </section> |
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232 |
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233 </module> |