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annotate xml/ru/docs/control.xml @ 2769:16f6fa718be2

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Updated TLSv1.3 support notes. Previous notes described some early development snapshot of OpenSSL 1.1.1 with disabled TLSv1.3 by default. It was then enabled in the first alpha. Further, the updated text covers later major releases such as OpenSSL 3.0.
author Sergey Kandaurov <pluknet@nginx.com>
date Thu, 30 Sep 2021 16:29:20 +0300
parents 52d603f58bca
children
Ignore whitespace changes - Everywhere: Within whitespace: At end of lines:
rev   line source
580
be54c443235a Added copyright markers to documentation sources.
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1 <!--
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2 Copyright (C) Igor Sysoev
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3 Copyright (C) Nginx, Inc.
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4 -->
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5
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6 <!DOCTYPE article SYSTEM "../../../dtd/article.dtd">
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7
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8 <article name="Управление nginx"
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9 link="/ru/docs/control.html"
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764fbac1b8b4 Added document revision.
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10 lang="ru"
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11 rev="7">
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12
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13 <section>
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14
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15 <para>
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16 Управлять nginx можно с помощью сигналов. Номер главного процесса по умолчанию
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17 записывается в файл <path>/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid</path>.
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18 Изменить имя этого файла можно при конфигурации сборки или же в
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19 <path>nginx.conf</path> директивой
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56457a474903 If text of the link is not provided, the @id is used.
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20 <link doc="ngx_core_module.xml" id="pid"/>.
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21 Главный процесс поддерживает следующие сигналы:
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22 <note>
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23 <table>
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24
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25 <tr><td width="20%">TERM, INT</td><td>быстрое завершение</td></tr>
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26 <tr><td width="20%">QUIT</td><td>плавное завершение</td></tr>
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27 <tr><td width="20%">HUP</td><td>изменение конфигурации,
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28 обновление изменившейся временной зоны (только для FreeBSD и Linux),
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29 запуск новых рабочих процессов с новой конфигурацией,
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30 плавное завершение старых рабочих процессов</td></tr>
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31 <tr><td width="20%">USR1</td><td>переоткрытие лог-файлов</td></tr>
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32 <tr><td width="20%">USR2</td><td>обновление исполняемого файла</td></tr>
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33 <tr><td width="20%">WINCH</td><td>плавное завершение рабочих процессов</td></tr>
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34
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35 </table>
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36 </note>
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37 </para>
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38
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39 <para>
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40 Управлять рабочими процессами по отдельности не нужно.
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41 Тем не менее, они тоже поддерживают некоторые сигналы:
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42 <note>
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43 <table>
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44
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45 <tr><td width="20%">TERM, INT</td><td>быстрое завершение</td></tr>
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46 <tr><td width="20%">QUIT</td><td>плавное завершение</td></tr>
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47 <tr><td width="20%">USR1</td><td>переоткрытие лог-файлов</td></tr>
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e83b551cb90e Documented what WINCH signal does when sent to a worker process.
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48 <tr><td width="20%">WINCH</td><td>аварийное завершение для отладки
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49 (требует включения <link doc="ngx_core_module.xml" id="debug_points"/>)
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50 </td></tr>
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51
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52 </table>
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53 </note>
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54 </para>
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55
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56 </section>
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57
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58
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59 <section id="reconfiguration" name="Изменение конфигурации">
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60
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61 <para>
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62 Для того чтобы nginx перечитал файл конфигурации, нужно послать
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63 главному процессу сигнал HUP. Главный процесс сначала проверяет
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64 синтаксическую правильность конфигурации, а затем пытается применить
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65 новую конфигурацию, то есть, открыть лог-файлы и новые listen сокеты.
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66 Если ему это не удаётся, то он откатывает изменения и продолжает работать
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67 со старой конфигурацией.
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68 Если же удаётся, то он запускает новые рабочие процессы, а старым
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69 шлёт сообщение о плавном выходе. Старые рабочие процессы закрывают listen
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70 сокеты и продолжают обслуживать старых клиентов. После обслуживания всех
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71 клиентов старые рабочие процессы завершаются.
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72 </para>
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73
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74 <para>
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75 Предположим, на FreeBSD команда
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76 <programlisting>
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77 ps axw -o pid,ppid,user,%cpu,vsz,wchan,command | egrep '(nginx|PID)'
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78 </programlisting>
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79 показывает примерно такую картину:
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80 <programlisting>
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81 PID PPID USER %CPU VSZ WCHAN COMMAND
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82 33126 1 root 0.0 1148 pause nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
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83 33127 33126 nobody 0.0 1380 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx)
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84 33128 33126 nobody 0.0 1364 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx)
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85 33129 33126 nobody 0.0 1364 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx)
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86 </programlisting>
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87 </para>
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88
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89 <para>
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90 Если послать сигнал HUP главному процессу, то картина может быть такой:
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91 <programlisting>
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92 PID PPID USER %CPU VSZ WCHAN COMMAND
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93 33126 1 root 0.0 1164 pause nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
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94 33129 33126 nobody 0.0 1380 kqread nginx: worker process is shutting down (nginx)
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95 33134 33126 nobody 0.0 1368 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx)
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96 33135 33126 nobody 0.0 1368 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx)
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97 33136 33126 nobody 0.0 1368 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx)
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98 </programlisting>
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99 </para>
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100
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101 <para>
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102 Один старый рабочий процесс 33129 всё ещё продолжает работать. По истечении
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103 некоторого времени он завершается:
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104 <programlisting>
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105 PID PPID USER %CPU VSZ WCHAN COMMAND
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106 33126 1 root 0.0 1164 pause nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
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107 33134 33126 nobody 0.0 1368 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx)
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108 33135 33126 nobody 0.0 1368 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx)
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109 33136 33126 nobody 0.0 1368 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx)
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110 </programlisting>
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111 </para>
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112
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113 </section>
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114
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115
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116 <section id="logs" name="Ротация лог-файлов">
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117
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118 <para>
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119 Лог-файлы нужно переименовать, а затем послать сигнал USR1 главному процессу.
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120 Он откроет заново все текущие открытые файлы и назначит им
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121 в качестве владельца непривилегированного пользователя, под которым
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122 работают рабочие процессы. После успешного открытия главный процесс
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123 закрывает все открытые файлы и посылает сообщение о переоткрытии файлов
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124 рабочим процессам.
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125 Они также открывают новые файлы и сразу же закрывают старые.
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126 В результате старые файлы практически сразу же готовы для дальнейшей
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127 обработки, например, их можно сжимать.
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128 </para>
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129
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130 </section>
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131
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132
823
2d08f96e36cf Paraphrased text about live upgrade of an executable file.
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133 <section id="upgrade" name="Обновление исполняемого файла на лету">
76
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134
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
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135 <para>
823
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parents: 589
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136 Для обновления исполняемого файла сервера вначале нужно записать
2d08f96e36cf Paraphrased text about live upgrade of an executable file.
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parents: 589
diff changeset
137 на место старого файла новый.
76
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138 Затем нужно послать сигнал USR2 главному процессу&mdash;он
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
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139 переименует свой файл с номером процесса в файл
271
4c6d2c614d2c Cleaned up XML tag mess:
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 123
diff changeset
140 с суффиксом <path>.oldbin</path>, например,
4c6d2c614d2c Cleaned up XML tag mess:
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parents: 123
diff changeset
141 <path>/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid.oldbin</path>,
76
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
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parents:
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142 после чего запустит новый исполняемый файл, а тот в свою
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
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143 очередь&mdash;свои рабочие процессы:
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
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144 <programlisting>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
145 PID PPID USER %CPU VSZ WCHAN COMMAND
838
d1b5814e5265 Controlling nginx: use "ps -w" in examples.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
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146 33126 1 root 0.0 1164 pause nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
76
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
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147 33134 33126 nobody 0.0 1368 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx)
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
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148 33135 33126 nobody 0.0 1380 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx)
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149 33136 33126 nobody 0.0 1368 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx)
838
d1b5814e5265 Controlling nginx: use "ps -w" in examples.
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parents: 837
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150 36264 33126 root 0.0 1148 pause nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
76
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151 36265 36264 nobody 0.0 1364 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx)
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152 36266 36264 nobody 0.0 1364 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx)
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153 36267 36264 nobody 0.0 1364 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx)
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154 </programlisting>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
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155 </para>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
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156
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
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157 <!--
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
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158
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
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159 <para>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
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160 Процесс с новым исполняемым файлом 36264 создаёт свой файл с номером процесса
271
4c6d2c614d2c Cleaned up XML tag mess:
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 123
diff changeset
161 с суффиксом <path>.newbin</path>, например,
4c6d2c614d2c Cleaned up XML tag mess:
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parents: 123
diff changeset
162 <path>/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid.newbin</path>.
76
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163 </para>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
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164
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
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165 -->
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
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166
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
167 <para>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
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168 Теперь все рабочие процессы наравне принимают запросы.
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
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169 Если послать сигнал WINCH первому главному процессу, то он пошлёт своим
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
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170 рабочим процессам сообщение о плавном выходе, и они будут постепенно выходить:
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
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parents:
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171 <programlisting>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
172 PID PPID USER %CPU VSZ WCHAN COMMAND
838
d1b5814e5265 Controlling nginx: use "ps -w" in examples.
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173 33126 1 root 0.0 1164 pause nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
d1b5814e5265 Controlling nginx: use "ps -w" in examples.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
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174 33135 33126 nobody 0.0 1380 kqread nginx: worker process is shutting down (nginx)
d1b5814e5265 Controlling nginx: use "ps -w" in examples.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
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diff changeset
175 36264 33126 root 0.0 1148 pause nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
76
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
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176 36265 36264 nobody 0.0 1364 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx)
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
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177 36266 36264 nobody 0.0 1364 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx)
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
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178 36267 36264 nobody 0.0 1364 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx)
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
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179 </programlisting>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
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180 </para>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
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diff changeset
181
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
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182 <para>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
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183 По истечении времени запросы будут обрабатывать только новые рабочие процессы:
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
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184 <programlisting>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
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diff changeset
185 PID PPID USER %CPU VSZ WCHAN COMMAND
838
d1b5814e5265 Controlling nginx: use "ps -w" in examples.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 837
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186 33126 1 root 0.0 1164 pause nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
d1b5814e5265 Controlling nginx: use "ps -w" in examples.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 837
diff changeset
187 36264 33126 root 0.0 1148 pause nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
76
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
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188 36265 36264 nobody 0.0 1364 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx)
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
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189 36266 36264 nobody 0.0 1364 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx)
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
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190 36267 36264 nobody 0.0 1364 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx)
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
191 </programlisting>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
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192 </para>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
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193
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
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diff changeset
194 <para>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
195 Нужно заметить, что старый процесс не закрывает свои listen сокеты и при
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
196 необходимости ему можно сказать, чтобы он снова запустил свои рабочие процессы.
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
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parents:
diff changeset
197 Если работа нового исполняемого файла по каким-то причинам не устраивает,
837
6678b1f27514 Improved readability of "Upgrading Executable on the Fly".
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 823
diff changeset
198 можно проделать одно из следующих действий:
461
6135f3c95bf6 Unified markup for lists.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 271
diff changeset
199 <list type="bullet">
76
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
200
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
201 <listitem>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
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202 <para>
837
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parents: 823
diff changeset
203 Послать старому главному процессу сигнал HUP.
6678b1f27514 Improved readability of "Upgrading Executable on the Fly".
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 823
diff changeset
204 Старый главный процесс, не перечитывая конфигурации,
6678b1f27514 Improved readability of "Upgrading Executable on the Fly".
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 823
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205 запустит новые рабочие процессы.
6678b1f27514 Improved readability of "Upgrading Executable on the Fly".
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parents: 823
diff changeset
206 После этого можно плавно завершить все новые процессы,
844
621d5dfcb4f4 Controlling nginx: fixed fallout from my rewrite of text.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 842
diff changeset
207 послав новому главному процессу сигнал QUIT.
76
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diff changeset
208 </para>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
209 </listitem>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
210
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
211 <listitem>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
212 <para>
837
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parents: 823
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213 Послать новому главному процессу сигнал TERM.
6678b1f27514 Improved readability of "Upgrading Executable on the Fly".
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 823
diff changeset
214 В ответ на это он пошлёт сообщение о немедленном выходе своим
6678b1f27514 Improved readability of "Upgrading Executable on the Fly".
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 823
diff changeset
215 рабочим процессам, и все они практически сразу же завершатся.
842
c9a425a3e4f5 Controlling nginx: be more precise about killing processes.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 838
diff changeset
216 (Если новые процессы по каким-то причинам не завершаются,
c9a425a3e4f5 Controlling nginx: be more precise about killing processes.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 838
diff changeset
217 нужно послать им сигнал KILL, который заставит их завершиться.)
837
6678b1f27514 Improved readability of "Upgrading Executable on the Fly".
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 823
diff changeset
218 По завершению нового главного процесса старый главный процесс
6678b1f27514 Improved readability of "Upgrading Executable on the Fly".
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 823
diff changeset
219 автоматически запустит новые рабочие процессы.
76
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
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220 </para>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
221 </listitem>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
222
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
223 </list>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
224
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
225 </para>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
226
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
227 <para>
837
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parents: 823
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228 Если новый главный процесс выходит, то старый главный процесс убирает
271
4c6d2c614d2c Cleaned up XML tag mess:
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 123
diff changeset
229 суффикс <path>.oldbin</path> из имени файла с номером процесса.
76
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
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diff changeset
230 </para>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
231
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
232 <para>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
233 Если же обновление прошло удачно, то старому процессу нужно послать сигнал
837
6678b1f27514 Improved readability of "Upgrading Executable on the Fly".
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 823
diff changeset
234 QUIT, и останутся только новые процессы:
76
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
235 <programlisting>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
236 PID PPID USER %CPU VSZ WCHAN COMMAND
838
d1b5814e5265 Controlling nginx: use "ps -w" in examples.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 837
diff changeset
237 36264 1 root 0.0 1148 pause nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
76
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
238 36265 36264 nobody 0.0 1364 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx)
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
239 36266 36264 nobody 0.0 1364 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx)
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
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240 36267 36264 nobody 0.0 1364 kqread nginx: worker process (nginx)
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
241 </programlisting>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
242 </para>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
243
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
244 <!--
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
245
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
246 <para>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
247 После этого остаётся только переименовать
271
4c6d2c614d2c Cleaned up XML tag mess:
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 123
diff changeset
248 <path>/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid.newbin</path> в
4c6d2c614d2c Cleaned up XML tag mess:
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents: 123
diff changeset
249 <path>/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid</path> и обновление можно считать
76
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
250 завершённым.
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
251 </para>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
252
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
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253 -->
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
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254
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
255 </section>
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
256
4a4caa566120 Russian documentation import.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
diff changeset
257 </article>