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annotate README @ 9095:52cddd44ec11 quic

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QUIC: removed check for in-flight packets in computing PTO. The check is needed for clients in order to unblock a server due to anti-amplification limits, and it seems to make no sense for servers. See RFC 9002, A.6 and A.8 for a further explanation. This makes max_ack_delay to now always account, notably including PATH_CHALLENGE timers as noted in the last paragraph of 9000, 9.4, unlike when it was only used when there are packets in flight. While here, fixed nearby style.
author Sergey Kandaurov <pluknet@nginx.com>
date Tue, 09 May 2023 19:42:38 +0400
parents 8347620e0e76
children b9230e37b8a1
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1 Experimental QUIC support for nginx
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2 -----------------------------------
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3
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4 1. Introduction
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5 2. Building from sources
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6 3. Configuration
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7 4. Directives
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8 5. Clients
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9 6. Troubleshooting
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10 7. Contributing
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11 8. Links
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12
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13 1. Introduction
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14
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15 This is an experimental QUIC [1] / HTTP/3 [2] support for nginx.
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16
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17 The code is developed in a separate "quic" branch available
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18 at https://hg.nginx.org/nginx-quic. Currently it is based
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19 on nginx mainline 1.23.x. We merge new nginx releases into
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20 this branch regularly.
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21
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22 The project code base is under the same BSD license as nginx.
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23
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24 The code is currently at a beta level of quality, however
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25 there are several production deployments with it.
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26
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27 NGINX Development Team is working on improving HTTP/3 support to
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28 integrate it into the main NGINX codebase. Thus, expect further
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29 updates of this code, including features, changes in behaviour,
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30 bug fixes, and refactoring. NGINX Development team will be
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31 grateful for any feedback and code submissions.
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32
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33 Please contact NGINX Development Team via nginx-devel mailing list [3].
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34
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35 What works now:
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36
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37 IETF QUIC version 1 is supported. Internet drafts are no longer supported.
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38
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39 nginx should be able to respond to HTTP/3 requests over QUIC and
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40 it should be possible to upload and download big files without errors.
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41
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42 + The handshake completes successfully
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43 + One endpoint can update keys and its peer responds correctly
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44 + 0-RTT data is being received and acted on
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45 + Connection is established using TLS Resume Ticket
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46 + A handshake that includes a Retry packet completes successfully
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47 + Stream data is being exchanged and ACK'ed
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48 + An H3 transaction succeeded
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49 + One or both endpoints insert entries into dynamic table and
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50 subsequently reference them from header blocks
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51 + Version Negotiation packet is sent to client with unknown version
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52 + Lost packets are detected and retransmitted properly
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53 + Clients may migrate to new address
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54
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55 2. Building from sources
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56
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57 The build is configured using the configure command.
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58 Refer to http://nginx.org/en/docs/configure.html for details.
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59
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60 When configuring nginx, it's possible to enable QUIC and HTTP/3
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61 using the following new configuration options:
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62
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63 --with-http_v3_module - enable QUIC and HTTP/3
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64 --with-stream_quic_module - enable QUIC in Stream
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65
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66 A library that provides QUIC support is recommended to build nginx, there
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67 are several of those available on the market:
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68 + BoringSSL [4]
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69 + LibreSSL [5]
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70 + QuicTLS [6]
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71
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72 Alternatively, nginx can be configured with OpenSSL compatibility
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73 layer, which emulates BoringSSL QUIC API for OpenSSL. This mode is
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74 enabled by default if native QUIC support is not detected.
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75 0-RTT is not supported in OpenSSL compatibility mode.
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76
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77 Clone the NGINX QUIC repository
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78
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79 $ hg clone -b quic https://hg.nginx.org/nginx-quic
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80 $ cd nginx-quic
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81
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82 Use the following command to configure nginx with BoringSSL [4]
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83
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84 $ ./auto/configure --with-debug --with-http_v3_module \
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85 --with-cc-opt="-I../boringssl/include" \
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86 --with-ld-opt="-L../boringssl/build/ssl \
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87 -L../boringssl/build/crypto"
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88 $ make
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89
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90 Alternatively, nginx can be configured with QuicTLS [6]
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91
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92 $ ./auto/configure --with-debug --with-http_v3_module \
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93 --with-cc-opt="-I../quictls/build/include" \
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94 --with-ld-opt="-L../quictls/build/lib"
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95
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96 Alternatively, nginx can be configured with a modern version
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97 of LibreSSL [7]
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98
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99 $ ./auto/configure --with-debug --with-http_v3_module \
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100 --with-cc-opt="-I../libressl/build/include" \
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101 --with-ld-opt="-L../libressl/build/lib"
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102
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103 3. Configuration
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104
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105 The HTTP "listen" directive got a new option "quic" which enables
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106 QUIC as client transport protocol instead of TCP.
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108 The Stream "listen" directive got a new option "quic" which enables
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109 QUIC as client transport protocol instead of TCP or plain UDP.
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110
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111 Along with "quic", it's also possible to specify "reuseport"
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112 option [8] to make it work properly with multiple workers.
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113
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114 To enable address validation:
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115
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116 quic_retry on;
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117
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118 To enable 0-RTT:
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119
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120 ssl_early_data on;
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121
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122 To enable GSO (Generic Segmentation Offloading):
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123
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124 quic_gso on;
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125
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126 To limit maximum UDP payload size on receive path:
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127
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128 quic_mtu <size>;
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129
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130 To set host key for various tokens:
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131
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132 quic_host_key <filename>;
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134 QUIC requires TLSv1.3 protocol, which is enabled by the default
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135 by "ssl_protocols" directive.
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136
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137 By default, GSO Linux-specific optimization [10] is disabled.
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138 Enable it in case a corresponding network interface is configured to
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139 support GSO.
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140
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141 A number of directives were added that configure HTTP/3:
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142
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143 http3
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144 http3_hq
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145 http3_stream_buffer_size
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146 http3_max_concurrent_pushes
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147 http3_max_concurrent_streams
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148 http3_push
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149 http3_push_preload
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150
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151 In http, an additional variable is available: $http3.
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152 The value of $http3 is "h3" for HTTP/3 connections,
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153 "hq" for hq connections, or an empty string otherwise.
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154
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155 In stream, an additional variable is available: $quic.
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156 The value of $quic is "quic" if QUIC connection is used,
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157 or an empty string otherwise.
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158
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159 Example configuration:
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160
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161 http {
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162 log_format quic '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] '
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163 '"$request" $status $body_bytes_sent '
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164 '"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" "$http3"';
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165
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166 access_log logs/access.log quic;
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167
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168 server {
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169 # for better compatibility it's recommended
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170 # to use the same port for quic and https
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171 listen 8443 quic reuseport;
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172 listen 8443 ssl;
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173
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174 ssl_certificate certs/example.com.crt;
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175 ssl_certificate_key certs/example.com.key;
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176
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177 location / {
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178 # required for browsers to direct them into quic port
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179 add_header Alt-Svc 'h3=":8443"; ma=86400';
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180 }
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181 }
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182 }
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183
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184 4. Directives
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185
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186 Syntax: quic_bpf on | off;
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187 Default: quic_bpf off;
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188 Context: main
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189
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190 Enables routing of QUIC packets using eBPF.
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191 When enabled, this allows to support QUIC connection migration.
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192 The directive is only supported on Linux 5.7+.
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193
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194
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195 Syntax: quic_retry on | off;
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196 Default: quic_retry off;
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197 Context: http | stream, server
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198
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199 Enables the QUIC Address Validation feature. This includes:
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200 - sending a new token in a Retry packet or a NEW_TOKEN frame
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201 - validating a token received in the Initial packet
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202
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203
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204 Syntax: quic_gso on | off;
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205 Default: quic_gso off;
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206 Context: http | stream, server
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207
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208 Enables sending in optimized batch mode using segmentation offloading.
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209 Optimized sending is only supported on Linux featuring UDP_SEGMENT.
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210
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211
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212 Syntax: quic_mtu size;
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213 Default: quic_mtu 65527;
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214 Context: http | stream, server
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215
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216 Sets the QUIC max_udp_payload_size transport parameter value.
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217 This is the maximum UDP payload that we are willing to receive.
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218
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219
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220 Syntax: quic_host_key file;
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221 Default: -
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222 Context: http | stream, server
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223
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224 Specifies a file with the secret key used to encrypt stateless reset and
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225 address validation tokens. By default, a randomly generated key is used.
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226
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227
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228 Syntax: quic_active_connection_id_limit number;
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229 Default: quic_active_connection_id_limit 2;
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230 Context: http | stream, server
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231
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232 Sets the QUIC active_connection_id_limit transport parameter value.
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233 This is the maximum number of connection IDs we are willing to store.
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234
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235
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236 Syntax: quic_timeout time;
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237 Default: quic_timeout 60s;
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238 Context: stream, server
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239
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240 Defines a timeout used to negotiate the QUIC idle timeout.
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241 In the http module, it is taken from the keepalive_timeout directive.
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242
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243
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244 Syntax: quic_stream_buffer_size size;
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245 Default: quic_stream_buffer_size 64k;
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246 Context: stream, server
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247
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248 Syntax: http3_stream_buffer_size size;
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249 Default: http3_stream_buffer_size 64k;
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250 Context: http, server
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251
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252 Sets buffer size for reading and writing of the QUIC STREAM payload.
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253 The buffer size is used to calculate initial flow control limits
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254 in the following QUIC transport parameters:
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255 - initial_max_data
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256 - initial_max_stream_data_bidi_local
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257 - initial_max_stream_data_bidi_remote
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258 - initial_max_stream_data_uni
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259
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260
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261 Syntax: http3_max_concurrent_pushes number;
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262 Default: http3_max_concurrent_pushes 10;
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263 Context: http, server
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264
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265 Limits the maximum number of concurrent push requests in a connection.
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266
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267
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268 Syntax: http3_max_concurrent_streams number;
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269 Default: http3_max_concurrent_streams 128;
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270 Context: http, server
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271
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272 Sets the maximum number of concurrent HTTP/3 streams in a connection.
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273
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274
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275 Syntax: http3_push uri | off;
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276 Default: http3_push off;
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277 Context: http, server, location
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278
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279 Pre-emptively sends (pushes) a request to the specified uri along with
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280 the response to the original request. Only relative URIs with absolute
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281 path will be processed, for example:
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282
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283 http3_push /static/css/main.css;
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284
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285 The uri value can contain variables.
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286
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287 Several http3_push directives can be specified on the same configuration
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288 level. The off parameter cancels the effect of the http3_push directives
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289 inherited from the previous configuration level.
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290
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291
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292 Syntax: http3_push_preload on | off;
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293 Default: http3_push_preload off;
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294 Context: http, server, location
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295
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296 Enables automatic conversion of preload links specified in the “Link”
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297 response header fields into push requests.
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298
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299
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300 Syntax: http3 on | off;
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301 Default: http3 on;
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302 Context: http, server
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303
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304 Enables HTTP/3 protocol negotiation.
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305
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306
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307 Syntax: http3_hq on | off;
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308 Default: http3_hq off;
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309 Context: http, server
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310
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311 Enables HTTP/0.9 protocol negotiation used in QUIC interoperability tests.
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312
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313 5. Clients
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314
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315 * Browsers
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316
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317 Known to work: Firefox 90+ and Chrome 92+ (QUIC version 1)
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318
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319 Beware of strange issues: sometimes browser may decide to ignore QUIC
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320 Cache clearing/restart might help. Always check access.log and
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321 error.log to make sure the browser is using HTTP/3 and not TCP https.
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322
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323 * Console clients
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324
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325 Known to work: ngtcp2, firefox's neqo and chromium's console clients:
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326
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327 $ examples/client 127.0.0.1 8443 https://example.com:8443/index.html
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328
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329 $ ./neqo-client https://127.0.0.1:8443/
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330
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331 $ chromium-build/out/my_build/quic_client http://example.com:8443
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332
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333
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334 In case everyhing is right, the access log should show something like:
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335
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336 127.0.0.1 - - [24/Apr/2020:11:27:29 +0300] "GET / HTTP/3" 200 805 "-"
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337 "nghttp3/ngtcp2 client" "quic"
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338
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339
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340 6. Troubleshooting
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341
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342 Here are some tips that may help to identify problems:
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343
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344 + Ensure nginx is built with proper SSL library that supports QUIC
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345
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346 + Ensure nginx is using the proper SSL library in runtime
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347 (`nginx -V` shows what it's using)
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348
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349 + Ensure a client is actually sending requests over QUIC
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350 (see "Clients" section about browsers and cache)
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351
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352 We recommend to start with simple console client like ngtcp2
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353 to ensure the server is configured properly before trying
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354 with real browsers that may be very picky with certificates,
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355 for example.
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356
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357 + Build nginx with debug support [9] and check the debug log.
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358 It should contain all details about connection and why it
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359 failed. All related messages contain "quic " prefix and can
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360 be easily filtered out.
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361
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362 + For a deeper investigation, please enable additional debugging
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363 in src/event/quic/ngx_event_quic_connection.h:
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364
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365 #define NGX_QUIC_DEBUG_PACKETS
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366 #define NGX_QUIC_DEBUG_FRAMES
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367 #define NGX_QUIC_DEBUG_ALLOC
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368 #define NGX_QUIC_DEBUG_CRYPTO
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369
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370 7. Contributing
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371
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372 Please refer to
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373 http://nginx.org/en/docs/contributing_changes.html
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374
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375 8. Links
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376
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377 [1] https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc9000
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378 [2] https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc9114
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379 [3] https://mailman.nginx.org/mailman/listinfo/nginx-devel
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380 [4] https://boringssl.googlesource.com/boringssl/
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381 [5] https://www.libressl.org/
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382 [6] https://github.com/quictls/openssl
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383 [7] https://github.com/libressl-portable/portable/releases/tag/v3.6.0
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384 [8] https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_core_module.html#listen
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385 [9] https://nginx.org/en/docs/debugging_log.html
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386 [10] http://vger.kernel.org/lpc_net2018_talks/willemdebruijn-lpc2018-udpgso-paper-DRAFT-1.pdf