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annotate xml/cn/docs/http/ngx_http_log_module.xml @ 2735:ff357b676c2e

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Removed trailing spaces.
author Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
date Thu, 10 Jun 2021 18:27:24 +0300
parents ceb8a4e374b7
children
Ignore whitespace changes - Everywhere: Within whitespace: At end of lines:
rev   line source
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1 <?xml version="1.0"?>
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2
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3 <!--
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4 Copyright (C) Igor Sysoev
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5 Copyright (C) Nginx, Inc.
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6 -->
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7
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8 <!DOCTYPE module SYSTEM "../../../../dtd/module.dtd">
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9
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10 <module name="ngx_http_log_module模块"
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11 link="/cn/docs/http/ngx_http_log_module.html"
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12 lang="cn"
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13 translator="nigelzeng"
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14 rev="3">
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15
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16 <section id="summary">
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17
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18 <para>
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19 <literal>ngx_http_log_module</literal>模块按指定的格式写访问日志。
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20 </para>
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21
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22 <para>
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23 请求在处理结束时，会按请求路径的配置上下文记访问日志。
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24 如果在请求处理期间产生了<link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="internal">内部跳转</link>，
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25 请求结束时的路径可能不同于原始的请求路径。
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26 </para>
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27
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28 </section>
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29
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30
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31 <section id="example" name="配置实例">
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32
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33 <para>
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34 <example>
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35 log_format gzip '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] '
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36 '"$request" $status $bytes_sent '
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37 '"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" "$gzip_ratio"';
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38
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39 access_log /spool/logs/nginx-access.log gzip buffer=32k;
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40 </example>
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41 </para>
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42
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43 </section>
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44
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45
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46 <section id="directives" name="指令">
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47
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48 <directive name="access_log">
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49 <syntax>
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50 <value>path</value>
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51 [<value>format</value>
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52 [<literal>buffer</literal>=<value>size</value>]]</syntax>
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53 <syntax><literal>off</literal></syntax>
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54 <default>logs/access.log combined</default>
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55 <context>http</context>
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56 <context>server</context>
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57 <context>location</context>
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58 <context>if in location</context>
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59 <context>limit_except</context>
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60
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61 <para>
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62 为访问日志设置路径，格式和缓冲区大小（nginx访问日志支持缓存）。
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63 在同一个配置层级里可以指定多个日志。
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64 特定值<literal>off</literal>会取消当前配置层级里的所有<literal>access_log</literal>指令。
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65 如果没有指定日志格式则会使用预定义的“<literal>combined</literal>”格式。
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66 </para>
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67
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68 <para>
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69 缓冲区的大小不能超过磁盘文件原子性写入的大小。
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70 对于FreeBSD来说缓冲区大小是无限制的。
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71 </para>
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72
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73 <para>
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74 日志文件的路径可以包含变量（0.7.6+），
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75 但此类日志存在一些限制：
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76 <list type="bullet">
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77
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78 <listitem>
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79 工作进程使用的<link doc="../ngx_core_module.xml" id="user"/>
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80 应拥有在目录里创建文件的权限；
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81 </listitem>
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82
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83 <listitem>
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84 写缓冲无效；
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85 </listitem>
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86
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87 <listitem>
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88 每条日志写入都会打开和关闭文件。然而，频繁使用的文件描述符可以存储在
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89 <link id="open_log_file_cache">缓存</link>中，
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90 在<link id="open_log_file_cache"/>指令的<literal>valid</literal>参数指定的时间里，
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91 写操作能持续写到旧文件。
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92 </listitem>
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93
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94 <listitem>
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95 每次日志写入的操作都会检查请求的
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96 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="root">根目录</link>是否存在，
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97 如果不存在则日志不会被创建。
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98 因此在一个层级里同时指定<link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="root"/>
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99 和<literal>access_log</literal>是一个不错的想法：
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100 <example>
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101 server {
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102 root /spool/vhost/data/$host;
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103 access_log /spool/vhost/logs/$host;
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104 ...
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105 </example>
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106 </listitem>
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107
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108 </list>
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109 </para>
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110
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111 </directive>
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112
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113
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114 <directive name="log_format">
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115 <syntax>
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116 <value>name</value>
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117 <value>string</value> ...</syntax>
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118 <default>combined "..."</default>
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119 <context>http</context>
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120
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121 <para>
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122 指定日志的格式。
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123 </para>
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124
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125 <para>
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126 日志格式允许包含普通变量和只在日志写入时存在的变量：
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127 <list type="tag">
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128
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129 <tag-name><var>$body_bytes_sent</var></tag-name>
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130 <tag-desc>
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131 发送给客户端的字节数，不包括响应头的大小；
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132 该变量与Apache模块<literal>mod_log_config</literal>里的“<literal>%B</literal>”参数兼容。
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133 </tag-desc>
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134
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135 <tag-name><var>$bytes_sent</var></tag-name>
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136 <tag-desc>
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137 发送给客户端的总字节数。
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138 </tag-desc>
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139
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140 <tag-name><var>$connection</var></tag-name>
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141 <tag-desc>
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142 连接的序列号。
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143 </tag-desc>
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144
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145 <tag-name><var>$connection_requests</var></tag-name>
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146 <tag-desc>
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147 当前通过一个连接获得的请求数量。
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148 </tag-desc>
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149
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150 <tag-name><var>$msec</var></tag-name>
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151 <tag-desc>
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152 日志写入时间。单位为秒，精度是毫秒。
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153 </tag-desc>
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154
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155 <tag-name><var>$pipe</var></tag-name>
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156 <tag-desc>
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157 如果请求是通过HTTP流水线(pipelined)发送，pipe值为“<literal>p</literal>”，否则为“<literal>.</literal>”。
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158 </tag-desc>
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159
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160 <tag-name><var>$request_length</var></tag-name>
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161 <tag-desc>
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162 请求的长度（包括请求行，请求头和请求正文）。
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163 </tag-desc>
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164
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165 <tag-name><var>$request_time</var></tag-name>
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166 <tag-desc>
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167 请求处理时间，单位为秒，精度毫秒；
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168 从读入客户端的第一个字节开始，直到把最后一个字符发送给客户端后进行日志写入为止。
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169 </tag-desc>
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170
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171 <tag-name><var>$status</var></tag-name>
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172 <tag-desc>
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173 响应状态。
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174 </tag-desc>
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175
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176 <tag-name><var>$time_iso8601</var></tag-name>
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177 <tag-desc>
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178 ISO8601标准格式下的本地时间。
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179 </tag-desc>
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180
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181 <tag-name><var>$time_local</var></tag-name>
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182 <tag-desc>
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183 通用日志格式下的本地时间。
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184 </tag-desc>
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185
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186 </list>
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187 </para>
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188
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189 <para>
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190 发送给客户端的响应头拥有“<literal>sent_http_</literal>”前缀。
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191 比如<var>$sent_http_content_range</var>。
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192 </para>
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193
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194 <para>
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195 配置始终包含预先定义的“<literal>combined</literal>”日志格式：
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196 <example>
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197 log_format combined '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] '
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198 '"$request" $status $body_bytes_sent '
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199 '"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';
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200 </example>
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201 </para>
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202
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203 </directive>
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204
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205
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206 <directive name="open_log_file_cache">
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207
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208 <syntax>
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209 <literal>max</literal>=<value>N</value>
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210 [<literal>inactive</literal>=<value>time</value>]
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211 [<literal>min_uses</literal>=<value>N</value>]
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212 [<literal>valid</literal>=<value>time</value>]</syntax>
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213 <syntax><literal>off</literal></syntax>
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214 <default>off</default>
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215 <context>http</context>
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216 <context>server</context>
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217 <context>location</context>
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218
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219 <para>
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220 定义一个缓存，用来存储频繁使用的文件名中包含变量的日志文件描述符。
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221 该指令包含以下参数：
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222 <list type="tag">
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223
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224 <tag-name><literal>max</literal></tag-name>
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225 <tag-desc>
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226 设置缓存中描述符的最大数量；如果缓存被占满，最近最少使用（LRU）的描述符将被关闭。
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227 </tag-desc>
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228
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229 <tag-name><literal>inactive</literal></tag-name>
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230 <tag-desc>
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231 设置缓存文件描述符在多长时间内没有被访问就关闭；
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232 默认为10秒。
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233 </tag-desc>
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234
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235 <tag-name><literal>min_uses</literal></tag-name>
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236 <tag-desc>
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237 设置在<literal>inactive</literal>参数指定的时间里，
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238 最少访问多少次才能使文件描述符保留在缓存中；默认为1。
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239 </tag-desc>
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240
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241 <tag-name><literal>valid</literal></tag-name>
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242 <tag-desc>
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243 设置一段用于检查超时后文件是否仍以同样名字存在的时间；
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244 默认为60秒。
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245 </tag-desc>
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246
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247 <tag-name><literal>off</literal></tag-name>
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248 <tag-desc>
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249 禁用缓存。
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250 </tag-desc>
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251
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252 </list>
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253 </para>
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254
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255 <para>
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256 使用实例：
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257 <example>
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258 open_log_file_cache max=1000 inactive=20s valid=1m min_uses=2;
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259 </example>
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260 </para>
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261
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262 </directive>
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263
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264 </section>
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265
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266 </module>