Mercurial > hg > nginx-site
annotate xml/ru/docs/stream/ngx_stream_upstream_hc_module.xml @ 2895:9708787aafc7
Updated with Netcraft September 2022 Web Server Survey stats.
author | Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com> |
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date | Fri, 30 Sep 2022 16:45:20 +0100 |
parents | 9dd8c203a54a |
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1 <?xml version="1.0"?> |
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2 |
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3 <!-- |
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4 Copyright (C) Nginx, Inc. |
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5 --> |
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6 |
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7 <!DOCTYPE module SYSTEM "../../../../dtd/module.dtd"> |
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8 |
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9 <module name="Модуль ngx_stream_upstream_hc_module" |
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10 link="/ru/docs/stream/ngx_stream_upstream_hc_module.html" |
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11 lang="ru" |
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12 rev="6"> |
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13 |
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14 <section id="summary"> |
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15 |
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16 <para> |
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17 Модуль <literal>ngx_stream_upstream_hc_module</literal> (1.9.0) |
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18 позволяет активировать периодические проверки работоспособности серверов в |
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19 <link doc="ngx_stream_upstream_module.xml" id="upstream">группе</link>. |
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20 Группа должна находиться в |
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21 <link doc="ngx_stream_upstream_module.xml" id="zone">зоне разделяемой памяти</link>. |
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22 </para> |
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23 |
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24 <para> |
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25 Если проверка работоспособности была неуспешной, |
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26 то сервер признаётся неработоспособным. |
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27 Если для группы задано несколько проверок, |
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28 то при любой неуспешной проверке соответствующий сервер будет |
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29 считаться неработоспособным. |
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30 На неработоспособные серверы и серверы в состоянии “checking” |
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31 клиентские соединения передаваться не будут. |
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32 </para> |
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33 |
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34 <para> |
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35 <note> |
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36 Модуль доступен как часть |
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37 <commercial_version>коммерческой подписки</commercial_version>. |
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38 </note> |
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39 </para> |
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40 |
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41 </section> |
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42 |
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43 |
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44 <section id="example" name="Пример конфигурации"> |
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45 |
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46 <para> |
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47 <example> |
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48 upstream tcp { |
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49 zone upstream_tcp 64k; |
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50 |
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51 server backend1.example.com:12345 weight=5; |
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52 server backend2.example.com:12345 fail_timeout=5s slow_start=30s; |
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53 server 192.0.2.1:12345 max_fails=3; |
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54 |
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55 server backup1.example.com:12345 backup; |
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56 server backup2.example.com:12345 backup; |
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57 } |
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58 |
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59 server { |
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60 listen 12346; |
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61 proxy_pass tcp; |
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62 health_check; |
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63 } |
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64 </example> |
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65 Для каждого сервера группы <literal>tcp</literal> |
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66 с интервалом в 5 секунд проверяется возможность установки TCP-соединения. |
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67 Если соединение с сервером не может быть установлено, |
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68 проверка считается неуспешной и сервер |
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69 признаётся неработоспособным. |
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70 </para> |
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71 |
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72 <para> |
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73 Проверки работоспособности можно настроить для протокола UDP: |
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74 <example> |
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75 upstream dns_upstream { |
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76 |
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77 zone dns_zone 64k; |
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78 |
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79 server dns1.example.com:53; |
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80 server dns2.example.com:53; |
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81 server dns3.example.com:53; |
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82 } |
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83 |
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84 server { |
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85 listen 53 udp; |
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86 proxy_pass dns_upstream; |
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87 health_check udp; |
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88 } |
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89 </example> |
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90 В этом случае проверяется отсутствие |
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91 сообщения ICMP “<literal>Destination Unreachable</literal>” |
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92 в ответ на отправленную строку “<literal>nginx health check</literal>”. |
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93 </para> |
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94 |
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95 <para> |
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96 Проверки работоспособности могут тестировать данные, полученные от сервера. |
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97 Тесты настраиваются отдельно при помощи директивы <link id="match"/> |
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98 и указываются в параметре <literal>match</literal> директивы |
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99 <link id="health_check"/>. |
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100 </para> |
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101 |
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102 </section> |
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103 |
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104 |
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105 <section id="directives" name="Директивы"> |
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106 |
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107 <directive name="health_check"> |
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108 <syntax>[<value>параметры</value>]</syntax> |
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109 <default/> |
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110 <context>server</context> |
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111 |
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112 <para> |
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113 Активирует периодические проверки работоспособности серверов в |
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114 <link doc="ngx_stream_upstream_hc_module.xml" id="upstream">группе</link>. |
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115 </para> |
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116 |
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117 <para> |
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118 Могут быть заданы следующие необязательные параметры: |
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119 <list type="tag"> |
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120 |
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121 <tag-name id="health_check_interval"> |
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122 <literal>interval</literal>=<value>время</value> |
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123 </tag-name> |
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124 <tag-desc> |
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125 задаёт интервал между двумя последовательными проверками, |
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126 по умолчанию 5 секунд. |
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127 </tag-desc> |
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128 |
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129 <tag-name id="health_check_jitter"> |
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130 <literal>jitter</literal>=<value>время</value> |
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131 </tag-name> |
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132 <tag-desc> |
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133 задаёт время, в пределах которого |
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134 случайным образом задерживается каждая проверка, |
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135 по умолчанию задержки нет. |
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136 </tag-desc> |
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137 |
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138 <tag-name id="health_check_fails"> |
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139 <literal>fails</literal>=<value>число</value> |
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140 </tag-name> |
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141 <tag-desc> |
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142 задаёт число последовательных неуспешных проверок для определённого сервера, |
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143 после которых сервер будет считаться неработоспособным, |
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144 по умолчанию 1. |
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145 </tag-desc> |
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146 |
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147 <tag-name id="health_check_passes"> |
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148 <literal>passes</literal>=<value>число</value> |
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149 </tag-name> |
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150 <tag-desc> |
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151 задаёт число последовательных успешных проверок для определённого сервера, |
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152 после которых сервер будет считаться работоспособным, |
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153 по умолчанию 1. |
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154 </tag-desc> |
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155 |
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156 <tag-name id="health_check_mandatory"> |
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157 <literal>mandatory</literal> [<literal>persistent</literal>] |
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158 </tag-name> |
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159 <tag-desc> |
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160 <para> |
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161 устанавливает исходное состояние “checking” для сервера |
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162 до завершения первой проверки работоспособности (1.11.7). |
1950
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163 На серверы в состоянии “checking” клиентские соединения передаваться не будут. |
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164 Если параметр не указан, |
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165 то исходно сервер будет считаться работоспособным. |
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166 </para> |
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167 |
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168 <para id="health_check_persistent"> |
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169 Параметр <literal>persistent</literal> (1.21.1) |
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170 устанавливает исходное состояние “up” для сервера после перезагрузки nginx |
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171 в случае, если до перезагрузки сервер считался работоспособным. |
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172 </para> |
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173 </tag-desc> |
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174 |
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175 <tag-name id="health_check_match"> |
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176 <literal>match</literal>=<value>имя</value> |
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177 </tag-name> |
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178 <tag-desc> |
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179 указывает на блок <literal>match</literal> с условиями, которым должно |
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180 удовлетворять соединение, чтобы результат проверки считался успешным. |
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181 По умолчанию для TCP проверяется |
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182 лишь возможность установки TCP-соединения с сервером, |
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183 для <link id="health_check_udp">UDP</link> проверяется отсутствие |
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184 сообщения ICMP “<literal>Destination Unreachable</literal>” |
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185 в ответ на отправленную строку “<literal>nginx health check</literal>”. |
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186 <note> |
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187 До версии 1.11.7 по умолчанию для UDP |
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188 требовалось наличие блока <link id="hc_match">match</link> с параметрами |
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189 <link id="match_send">send</link> и <link id="match_expect">expect</link>. |
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190 </note> |
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191 </tag-desc> |
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192 |
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193 <tag-name id="health_check_port"> |
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194 <literal>port</literal>=<value>число</value> |
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195 </tag-name> |
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196 <tag-desc> |
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197 задаёт порт, используемый при подключении к серверу |
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198 для проверки его работоспособности (1.9.7). |
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199 По умолчанию совпадает с портом |
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200 <link doc="ngx_stream_upstream_module.xml" id="server">сервера</link>. |
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201 </tag-desc> |
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202 |
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203 <tag-name id="health_check_udp"> |
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204 <literal>udp</literal> |
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205 </tag-name> |
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206 <tag-desc> |
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207 указывает, что для проверки работоспособности будет использоваться протокол |
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208 <literal>UDP</literal> |
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209 вместо протокола <literal>TCP</literal>, используемого по умолчанию (1.9.13). |
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210 </tag-desc> |
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211 |
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212 </list> |
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213 </para> |
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214 |
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215 </directive> |
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216 |
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217 |
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218 <directive name="health_check_timeout"> |
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219 <syntax><value>время</value></syntax> |
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220 <default>5s</default> |
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221 <context>stream</context> |
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222 <context>server</context> |
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223 |
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224 <para> |
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225 Переопределяет значение |
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226 <link doc="ngx_stream_proxy_module.xml" id="proxy_timeout"/> |
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227 для проверок работоспособности. |
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228 </para> |
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229 |
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230 </directive> |
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231 |
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232 |
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233 <directive name="match"> |
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234 <syntax block="yes"><value>имя</value> </syntax> |
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235 <default/> |
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236 <context>stream</context> |
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237 |
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238 <para> |
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239 Задаёт именованный набор тестов для для анализа ответов сервера |
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240 на запросы проверки работоспособности. |
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241 </para> |
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242 |
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243 <para> |
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244 Могут быть заданы следующие параметры: |
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245 <list type="tag"> |
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246 |
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247 <tag-name id="match_send"> |
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248 <literal>send</literal> <value>строка</value>; |
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249 </tag-name> |
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250 <tag-desc> |
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251 отправляет <value>строку</value> на сервер; |
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252 </tag-desc> |
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253 |
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254 <tag-name id="match_expect"> |
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255 <literal>expect</literal> <value>стока</value> | |
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256 <literal>~</literal> <value>regex</value>; |
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257 </tag-name> |
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258 <tag-desc> |
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259 текстовая строка (1.9.12) или регулярное выражение, |
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260 которым должны соответствовать данные, полученные с сервера. |
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261 Регулярное выражение задаётся либо с модификатором |
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262 “<literal>~*</literal>” (для поиска совпадения без учёта регистра символов), |
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263 либо с модификатором “<literal>~</literal>” (с учётом регистра). |
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264 </tag-desc> |
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265 |
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266 </list> |
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267 Параметры <literal>send</literal> и <literal>expect</literal> |
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268 могут содержать строки в шестнадцатеричном виде |
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269 с префиксом “<literal>\x</literal>” |
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270 и последующими двумя шестнадцатеричными цифрами, |
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271 например “<literal>\x80</literal>” (1.9.12). |
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272 </para> |
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273 |
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274 <para> |
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275 Проверка работоспособности считается успешной, если |
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276 <list type="bullet"> |
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277 <listitem> |
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278 TCP-соединение успешно установлено; |
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279 </listitem> |
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280 |
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281 <listitem> |
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282 <value>строка</value> из параметра <literal>send</literal> |
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283 была отправлена (если была задана); |
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284 </listitem> |
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285 |
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286 <listitem> |
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287 данные, полученные от сервера, совпали со строкой или регулярным выражением |
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288 из параметра <literal>expect</literal> (если был задан); |
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289 </listitem> |
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290 |
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291 <listitem> |
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292 истёкшее время не превышает значение, указанное |
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293 в директиве <link id="health_check_timeout"/>. |
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294 </listitem> |
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295 |
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296 </list> |
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297 </para> |
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298 |
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299 <para> |
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300 Пример: |
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301 <example> |
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302 upstream backend { |
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303 zone upstream_backend 10m; |
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304 server 127.0.0.1:12345; |
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305 } |
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306 |
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307 match http { |
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308 send "GET / HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: localhost\r\n\r\n"; |
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309 expect ~ "200 OK"; |
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310 } |
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311 |
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312 server { |
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313 listen 12346; |
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314 proxy_pass backend; |
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315 health_check match=http; |
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316 } |
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317 </example> |
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318 </para> |
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319 |
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320 <para> |
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321 <note> |
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322 Проверяются лишь первые байты данных |
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323 <link doc="ngx_stream_proxy_module.xml" id="proxy_buffer_size"/>, |
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324 полученные от сервера. |
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325 </note> |
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326 </para> |
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327 |
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328 </directive> |
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329 |
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330 </section> |
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331 |
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332 </module> |