Mercurial > hg > nginx-site
annotate xml/ru/docs/http/ngx_http_v2_module.xml @ 2895:9708787aafc7
Updated with Netcraft September 2022 Web Server Survey stats.
author | Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com> |
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date | Fri, 30 Sep 2022 16:45:20 +0100 |
parents | 4add6ae1296f |
children | 9a8d15333a58 |
rev | line source |
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1667
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1 <?xml version="1.0"?> |
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2 |
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3 <!-- |
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4 Copyright (C) Nginx, Inc. |
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5 --> |
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6 |
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7 <!DOCTYPE module SYSTEM "../../../../dtd/module.dtd"> |
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8 |
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9 <module name="Модуль ngx_http_v2_module" |
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10 link="/ru/docs/http/ngx_http_v2_module.html" |
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11 lang="ru" |
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12 rev="15"> |
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13 |
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14 <section id="summary"> |
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15 |
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16 <para> |
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17 Модуль <literal>ngx_http_v2_module</literal> (1.9.5) обеспечивает |
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18 поддержку <link url="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7540">HTTP/2</link> |
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19 и заменяет |
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20 модуль <link doc="ngx_http_spdy_module.xml">ngx_http_spdy_module</link>. |
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21 </para> |
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22 |
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23 <para> |
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24 По умолчанию этот модуль не собирается, его сборку необходимо разрешить |
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25 с помощью конфигурационного параметра |
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26 <literal>--with-http_v2_module</literal>. |
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27 </para> |
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28 |
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29 </section> |
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30 |
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31 |
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32 <section id="issues" name="Известные проблемы"> |
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33 |
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34 <para> |
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35 До версии 1.9.14 |
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36 буферизация тела запроса клиента не могла быть запрещена |
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37 независимо от |
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38 значения директив |
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39 <link doc="ngx_http_proxy_module.xml" id="proxy_request_buffering"/>, |
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40 <link doc="ngx_http_fastcgi_module.xml" id="fastcgi_request_buffering"/>, |
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41 <link doc="ngx_http_uwsgi_module.xml" id="uwsgi_request_buffering"/> и |
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42 <link doc="ngx_http_scgi_module.xml" id="scgi_request_buffering"/>. |
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43 </para> |
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44 |
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45 <para> |
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46 До версии 1.19.1 |
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47 механизм <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="lingering_close"/> |
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48 не использовался в управлении закрытием HTTP/2-соединений. |
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49 </para> |
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50 |
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51 </section> |
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52 |
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53 |
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54 <section id="example" name="Пример конфигурации"> |
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55 |
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56 <para> |
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57 <example> |
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58 server { |
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59 listen 443 ssl http2; |
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60 |
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61 ssl_certificate server.crt; |
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62 ssl_certificate_key server.key; |
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63 } |
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64 </example> |
1693 | 65 Чтобы принимать HTTP/2-соединения по TLS, необходимо |
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66 наличие поддержки расширения “Application-Layer Protocol Negotiation” (ALPN) |
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67 протокола TLS, появившейся в |
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68 <link url="http://www.openssl.org">OpenSSL</link> версии 1.0.2. |
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69 </para> |
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70 |
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71 <para> |
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72 Если |
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73 директива <link doc="ngx_http_ssl_module.xml" id="ssl_prefer_server_ciphers"/> |
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74 установлена в значение “<literal>on</literal>”, |
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75 <link doc="ngx_http_ssl_module.xml" id="ssl_ciphers">шифры</link> |
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76 должны быть настроены таким образом, чтобы соответствовать чёрному списку |
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77 <link url="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7540#appendix-A">RFC 7540, Appendix A</link>, |
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78 а также поддерживаться клиентами. |
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79 </para> |
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80 |
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81 </section> |
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82 |
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83 |
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84 <section id="directives" name="Директивы"> |
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85 |
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86 <directive name="http2_body_preread_size"> |
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87 <syntax><value>размер</value></syntax> |
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88 <default>64k</default> |
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89 <context>http</context> |
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90 <context>server</context> |
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91 <appeared-in>1.11.0</appeared-in> |
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92 |
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93 <para> |
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94 Задаёт <value>размер</value> буфера для каждого запроса, |
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95 в который может сохраняться тело запроса |
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96 до того, как оно начнёт обрабатываться. |
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97 </para> |
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98 |
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99 </directive> |
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100 |
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101 |
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102 <directive name="http2_chunk_size"> |
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103 <syntax><value>размер</value></syntax> |
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104 <default>8k</default> |
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105 <context>http</context> |
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106 <context>server</context> |
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107 <context>location</context> |
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108 |
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109 <para> |
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110 Задаёт максимальный размер частей, |
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111 на которое будет разделяться тело ответа. |
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112 Слишком маленькое значение может привести к росту накладных расходов. |
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113 Слишком большое значение может негативно сказаться на приоритизации из-за |
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114 <link url="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head-of-line_blocking"> |
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115 блокировки очереди</link>. |
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116 </para> |
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117 |
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118 </directive> |
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119 |
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120 |
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121 <directive name="http2_idle_timeout"> |
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122 <syntax><value>время</value></syntax> |
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123 <default>3m</default> |
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124 <context>http</context> |
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125 <context>server</context> |
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126 |
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127 <para> |
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128 <note> |
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129 Эта директива устарела начиная с версии 1.19.7. |
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130 Вместо неё следует использовать директиву |
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131 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="keepalive_timeout"/>. |
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132 </note> |
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133 </para> |
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134 |
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135 <para> |
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136 Задаёт таймаут неактивности, после которого соединение закрывается. |
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137 </para> |
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138 |
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139 </directive> |
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140 |
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141 |
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142 <directive name="http2_max_concurrent_pushes"> |
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143 <syntax><value>число</value></syntax> |
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144 <default>10</default> |
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145 <context>http</context> |
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146 <context>server</context> |
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147 <appeared-in>1.13.9</appeared-in> |
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148 |
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149 <para> |
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150 Ограничивает максимальное число параллельных |
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151 <link id="http2_push">push</link>-запросов в соединении. |
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152 </para> |
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153 |
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154 </directive> |
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155 |
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156 |
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157 <directive name="http2_max_concurrent_streams"> |
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158 <syntax><value>число</value></syntax> |
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159 <default>128</default> |
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160 <context>http</context> |
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161 <context>server</context> |
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162 |
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163 <para> |
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164 Задаёт максимальное число параллельных HTTP/2-потоков |
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165 в соединении. |
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166 </para> |
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167 |
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168 </directive> |
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169 |
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170 |
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171 <directive name="http2_max_field_size"> |
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172 <syntax><value>размер</value></syntax> |
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173 <default>4k</default> |
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174 <context>http</context> |
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175 <context>server</context> |
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176 |
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177 <para> |
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178 <note> |
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179 Эта директива устарела начиная с версии 1.19.7. |
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180 Вместо неё следует использовать директиву |
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181 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="large_client_header_buffers"/>. |
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182 </note> |
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183 </para> |
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184 |
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185 <para> |
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186 Ограничивает максимальный размер |
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187 заголовка запроса, сжатого при помощи |
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188 <link url="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7541">HPACK</link>. |
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189 Ограничение применяется в равной степени как к имени, так и к значению. |
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190 Если применяется кодирование Хаффмана, |
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191 то фактический размер распакованных строк имени и значения может быть больше. |
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192 Ограничение по умолчанию подходит для большинства запросов. |
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193 </para> |
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194 |
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195 </directive> |
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196 |
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197 |
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198 <directive name="http2_max_header_size"> |
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199 <syntax><value>размер</value></syntax> |
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200 <default>16k</default> |
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201 <context>http</context> |
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202 <context>server</context> |
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203 |
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204 <para> |
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205 <note> |
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206 Эта директива устарела начиная с версии 1.19.7. |
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207 Вместо неё следует использовать директиву |
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208 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="large_client_header_buffers"/>. |
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209 </note> |
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210 </para> |
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211 |
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212 <para> |
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213 Ограничивает максимальный размер всего списка заголовков запроса после |
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214 распаковки <link url="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7541">HPACK</link>. |
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215 Ограничение по умолчанию подходит для большинства запросов. |
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216 </para> |
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217 |
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218 </directive> |
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219 |
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220 |
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221 <directive name="http2_max_requests"> |
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222 <syntax><value>число</value></syntax> |
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223 <default>1000</default> |
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224 <context>http</context> |
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225 <context>server</context> |
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226 <appeared-in>1.11.6</appeared-in> |
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227 |
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228 <para> |
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229 <note> |
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230 Эта директива устарела начиная с версии 1.19.7. |
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231 Вместо неё следует использовать директиву |
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232 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="keepalive_requests"/>. |
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233 </note> |
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234 </para> |
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235 |
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236 <para> |
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237 Задаёт максимальное число запросов (включая |
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238 <link id="http2_push">push</link>-запросы), которые можно |
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239 сделать по одному соединению HTTP/2, |
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240 после чего очередной клиентский запрос приведёт к закрытию соединения |
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241 и необходимости установить новое соединение. |
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242 </para> |
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243 |
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244 <para> |
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245 Периодическое закрытие соединений необходимо для освобождения |
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246 памяти, выделенной под конкретные соединения. |
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247 Поэтому использование слишком большого максимального числа запросов |
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248 может приводить к чрезмерному потреблению памяти и не рекомендуется. |
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249 </para> |
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250 |
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251 </directive> |
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252 |
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253 |
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254 <directive name="http2_push"> |
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255 <syntax><value>uri</value> | <literal>off</literal></syntax> |
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256 <default>off</default> |
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257 <context>http</context> |
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258 <context>server</context> |
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259 <context>location</context> |
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260 <appeared-in>1.13.9</appeared-in> |
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261 |
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262 <para> |
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263 Заблаговременно отправляет |
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264 (<link url="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7540#section-8.2">push</link>) запрос |
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265 к заданному <value>uri</value> |
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266 вместе с ответом на оригинальный запрос. |
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267 Будут обработаны только относительные URI с абсолютными путями, |
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268 например: |
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269 <example> |
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270 http2_push /static/css/main.css; |
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271 </example> |
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272 В значении <value>uri</value> допустимо использование переменных. |
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273 </para> |
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274 |
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275 <para> |
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276 На одном уровне конфигурации можно указать несколько |
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277 <literal>http2_push</literal> директив. |
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278 Параметр <literal>off</literal> отменяет действие |
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279 унаследованных с предыдущего уровня конфигурации |
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280 директив <literal>http2_push</literal>. |
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281 </para> |
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282 |
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283 </directive> |
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284 |
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285 |
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286 <directive name="http2_push_preload"> |
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287 <syntax><literal>on</literal> | <literal>off</literal></syntax> |
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288 <default>off</default> |
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289 <context>http</context> |
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290 <context>server</context> |
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291 <context>location</context> |
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292 <appeared-in>1.13.9</appeared-in> |
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293 |
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294 <para> |
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295 Разрешает автоматическое преобразование |
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296 <link url="https://www.w3.org/TR/preload/#server-push-http-2">preload |
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297 links</link>, |
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298 указанных в полях <header>Link</header> заголовка ответа, в |
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299 <link url="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7540#section-8.2">push</link>-запросы. |
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300 </para> |
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301 |
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302 </directive> |
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303 |
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304 |
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305 <directive name="http2_recv_buffer_size"> |
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306 <syntax><value>размер</value></syntax> |
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307 <default>256k</default> |
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308 <context>http</context> |
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309 |
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310 <para> |
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311 Задаёт размер входного буфера для |
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312 <link doc="../ngx_core_module.xml" id="worker_processes">рабочего |
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313 процесса</link>. |
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314 </para> |
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315 |
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316 </directive> |
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317 |
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318 |
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319 <directive name="http2_recv_timeout"> |
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320 <syntax><value>время</value></syntax> |
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321 <default>30s</default> |
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322 <context>http</context> |
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323 <context>server</context> |
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324 |
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325 <para> |
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326 <note> |
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327 Эта директива устарела начиная с версии 1.19.7. |
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328 Вместо неё следует использовать директиву |
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329 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="client_header_timeout"/>. |
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330 </note> |
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331 </para> |
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332 |
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333 <para> |
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334 Задаёт таймаут в случае, когда от клиента ожидаются ещё данные, |
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335 после которого соединение закрывается. |
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336 </para> |
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337 |
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338 </directive> |
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339 |
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340 </section> |
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341 |
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342 |
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343 <section id="variables" name="Встроенные переменные"> |
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344 |
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345 <para> |
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346 Модуль <literal>ngx_http_v2_module</literal> |
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347 поддерживает следующие встроенные переменные: |
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348 <list type="tag" compact="no"> |
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349 |
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350 <tag-name id="var_http2"><var>$http2</var></tag-name> |
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351 <tag-desc> |
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352 согласованный идентификатор протокола: |
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353 “<literal>h2</literal>” для HTTP/2 через TLS, |
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354 “<literal>h2c</literal>” для HTTP/2 через незашифрованный TCP, |
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Translated the http/2 module into Russian.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
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355 либо пустая строка. |
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Translated the http/2 module into Russian.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
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356 </tag-desc> |
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Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
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357 |
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Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
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358 </list> |
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Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
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359 </para> |
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Translated the http/2 module into Russian.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
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360 |
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Translated the http/2 module into Russian.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
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361 </section> |
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Translated the http/2 module into Russian.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
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362 |
beab8345acf6
Translated the http/2 module into Russian.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
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363 </module> |