Mercurial > hg > nginx-site
annotate xml/ru/docs/ngx_core_module.xml @ 484:8d29b34a135a
Added Linux 3 to the list of tested OS and platforms.
author | Valentin Bartenev <vbart@nginx.com> |
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date | Tue, 10 Apr 2012 09:04:18 +0000 |
parents | 8275e169f77b |
children | 8e1356bd281a |
rev | line source |
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222
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1 <?xml version="1.0"?> |
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2 |
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3 <!DOCTYPE module SYSTEM "../../../dtd/module.dtd"> |
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4 |
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5 <module name="Основная функциональность" |
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6 link="/ru/docs/ngx_core_module.html" |
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7 lang="ru"> |
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8 |
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9 <section id="example" name="Пример конфигурации"> |
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10 |
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11 <para> |
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12 <example> |
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13 user www www; |
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14 worker_processes 2; |
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15 |
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16 error_log /var/log/nginx-error.log info; |
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17 |
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18 events { |
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19 use kqueue; |
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20 worker_connections 2048; |
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21 } |
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22 |
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23 ... |
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24 </example> |
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25 </para> |
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26 |
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27 </section> |
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28 |
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29 |
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30 <section id="directives" name="Директивы"> |
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31 |
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32 <directive name="daemon"> |
271 | 33 <syntax><literal>on</literal> | <literal>off</literal></syntax> |
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34 <default>on</default> |
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35 <context>main</context> |
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36 |
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37 <para> |
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38 Определяет, будет ли nginx запускаться в режиме демона. |
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39 Используется в основном для разработки. |
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40 </para> |
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41 |
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42 </directive> |
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43 |
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44 |
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45 <directive name="error_log"> |
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46 <syntax> |
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47 <value>файл</value> | <literal>stderr</literal> |
271 | 48 [<literal>debug</literal> | |
49 <literal>info</literal> | | |
50 <literal>notice</literal> | | |
51 <literal>warn</literal> | | |
52 <literal>error</literal> | | |
53 <literal>crit</literal> | | |
54 <literal>alert</literal> | | |
55 <literal>emerg</literal>]</syntax> | |
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56 <default>logs/error.log error</default> |
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57 <context>main</context> |
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58 <context>http</context> |
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59 <context>server</context> |
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60 <context>location</context> |
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61 |
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62 <para> |
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63 Конфигурирует запись в лог. |
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64 </para> |
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65 |
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66 <para> |
271 | 67 Первый параметр задаёт файл, который будет хранить лог. |
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68 <!-- |
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69 Если имя файла не абсолютное, к нему добавляется в начало путь префикса. |
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70 --> |
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71 Специальное значение <literal>stderr</literal> выбирает стандартный файл ошибок. |
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72 </para> |
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73 |
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74 <para> |
271 | 75 Второй параметр определяет уровень лога. |
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76 Уровни лога, указанные выше, перечислены в порядке возрастания их серьёзности. |
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77 При установке определённого уровня в лог попадают все сообщения |
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78 указанного и более серьёзных уровней. |
271 | 79 Например, при стандартном уровне <literal>error</literal> в лог попадают |
80 сообщения уровней <literal>error</literal>, <literal>crit</literal>, | |
81 <literal>alert</literal> и <literal>emerg</literal>. | |
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82 Если этот параметр не задан, используется <literal>error</literal>. |
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83 <note> |
271 | 84 Для работы уровня лога <literal>debug</literal> необходимо сконфигурировать |
85 nginx с <literal>--with-debug</literal>. | |
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86 </note> |
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87 </para> |
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88 |
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89 </directive> |
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90 |
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91 |
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92 <directive name="env"> |
271 | 93 <syntax><value>переменная</value>[=<value>значение</value>]</syntax> |
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94 <default>TZ</default> |
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95 <context>main</context> |
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96 |
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97 <para> |
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98 Позволяет ограничить набор переменных окружения, поменять им значения |
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99 или же создать новые переменные окружения для следующих случаев: |
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100 <list type="bullet"> |
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101 |
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102 <listitem> |
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103 наследование переменных во время |
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104 <link doc="control.xml" id="upgrade">обновления исполняемого файла на лету</link>; |
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105 </listitem> |
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106 |
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107 <listitem> |
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108 использование переменных модулем |
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109 <link doc="http/ngx_http_perl_module.xml">ngx_http_perl_module</link>; |
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110 </listitem> |
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111 |
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112 <listitem> |
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113 использование переменных рабочими процессами. |
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114 Однако нужно иметь в виду, что управление поведением системных библиотек |
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115 подобным образом возможно не всегда, поскольку зачастую библиотеки используют |
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116 переменные только во время инициализации, то есть ещё до того, как их |
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117 можно задать с помощью данной директивы. |
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118 Исключением из этого является вышеописанное |
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119 <link doc="control.xml" id="upgrade">обновление исполняемого файла на лету</link>. |
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120 </listitem> |
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121 |
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122 </list> |
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123 </para> |
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124 |
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125 <para> |
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126 Если переменная TZ не описана явно, то она всегда наследуется |
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127 и всегда доступна модулю |
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128 <link doc="http/ngx_http_perl_module.xml">ngx_http_perl_module</link>. |
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129 </para> |
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130 |
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131 <para> |
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132 Пример использования: |
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133 <example> |
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134 env MALLOC_OPTIONS; |
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135 env PERL5LIB=/data/site/modules; |
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136 env OPENSSL_ALLOW_PROXY_CERTS=1; |
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137 </example> |
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138 </para> |
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139 |
444
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140 <para> |
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141 <note> |
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142 Переменная окружения NGINX используется для внутренних целей nginx |
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143 и не должна устанавливаться непосредственно самим пользователем. |
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144 </note> |
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145 </para> |
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146 |
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147 </directive> |
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148 |
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149 |
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150 <directive name="include"> |
271 | 151 <syntax><value>файл</value> | <value>маска</value></syntax> |
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152 <default/> |
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153 <context/> |
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154 |
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155 <para> |
271 | 156 Включает в конфигурацию другой <value>файл</value> или файлы, |
255
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157 подходящие под заданную маску. |
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158 Включаемые файлы должны содержать синтаксически верные директивы и блоки. |
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159 </para> |
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160 |
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161 <para> |
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162 Пример использования: |
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163 <example> |
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164 include mime.types; |
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165 include vhosts/*.conf; |
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166 </example> |
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167 </para> |
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168 |
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169 </directive> |
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170 |
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171 |
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172 <directive name="master_process"> |
271 | 173 <syntax><literal>on</literal> | <literal>off</literal></syntax> |
102
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174 <default>on</default> |
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175 <context>main</context> |
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176 |
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177 <para> |
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178 Определяет, будут ли запускаться рабочие процессы. |
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179 Эта директива предназначена для разработчиков nginx. |
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180 </para> |
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181 |
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182 </directive> |
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183 |
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184 |
289
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185 <directive name="pcre_jit"> |
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186 <syntax><literal>on</literal> | <literal>off</literal></syntax> |
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187 <default>off</default> |
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188 <context>main</context> |
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189 <appeared-in>1.1.12</appeared-in> |
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190 |
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191 <para> |
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192 Разрешает или запрещает использование JIT-компиляции (PCRE JIT) |
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193 для регулярных выражений, известных на момент парсинга конфигурации. |
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194 </para> |
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195 |
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196 <para> |
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197 Использование PCRE JIT способно существенно ускорить обработку |
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198 регулярных выражений. |
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199 <note> |
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200 Для работы JIT необходима библиотека PCRE версии 8.20 или выше, |
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201 собранная с параметром конфигурации <literal>--enable-jit</literal>. |
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202 При сборке библиотеки PCRE вместе с nginx (<literal>--with-pcre=</literal>), |
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203 для включения поддержки JIT необходимо использовать параметр |
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204 конфигурации <literal>--with-pcre-jit</literal>. |
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205 </note> |
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206 </para> |
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207 |
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208 </directive> |
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209 |
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210 |
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211 <directive name="pid"> |
271 | 212 <syntax><value>файл</value></syntax> |
102
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213 <default>nginx.pid</default> |
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214 <context>main</context> |
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215 |
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216 <para> |
271 | 217 Задаёт <value>файл</value>, в котором будет храниться номер (PID) основного процесса. |
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218 </para> |
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219 |
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220 </directive> |
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221 |
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222 |
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223 <directive name="ssl_engine"> |
271 | 224 <syntax><value>устройство</value></syntax> |
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225 <default/> |
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226 <context>main</context> |
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227 |
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228 <para> |
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229 Задаёт название аппаратного SSL-акселератора. |
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230 </para> |
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231 |
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232 </directive> |
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233 |
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234 |
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235 <directive name="timer_resolution"> |
271 | 236 <syntax><value>интервал</value></syntax> |
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237 <default/> |
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238 <context>main</context> |
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239 |
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240 <para> |
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241 Уменьшает разрешение таймеров времени в рабочих процессах, за счёт |
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242 чего уменьшается число системных вызовов <c-func>gettimeofday</c-func>. |
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243 По умолчанию <c-func>gettimeofday</c-func> вызывается после каждой |
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244 операции получения событий из ядра. |
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245 C уменьшенным разрешением <c-func>gettimeofday</c-func> вызывается только |
271 | 246 один раз за указанный <value>интервал</value>. |
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247 </para> |
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248 |
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249 <para> |
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250 Пример использования: |
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251 <example> |
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252 timer_resolution 100ms; |
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253 </example> |
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254 </para> |
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255 |
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256 <para> |
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257 Внутренняя реализация интервала зависит от используемого метода: |
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258 <list type="bullet"> |
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259 |
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260 <listitem> |
271 | 261 фильтр <c-def>EVFILT_TIMER</c-def> при использовании <literal>kqueue</literal>; |
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262 </listitem> |
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263 |
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264 <listitem> |
271 | 265 <c-func>timer_create</c-func> при использовании <literal>eventport</literal>; |
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266 </listitem> |
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267 |
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268 <listitem> |
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269 и <c-func>setitimer</c-func> во всех остальных случаях. |
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270 </listitem> |
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271 |
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272 </list> |
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273 </para> |
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274 |
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275 </directive> |
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276 |
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277 |
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278 <directive name="user"> |
271 | 279 <syntax><value>пользователь</value> [<value>группа</value>]</syntax> |
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280 <default>nobody nobody</default> |
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281 <context>main</context> |
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282 |
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283 <para> |
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284 Задаёт пользователя и группу, с правами которого будут работать |
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285 рабочие процессы. |
271 | 286 Если <value>группа</value> не задана, то используется группа, имя |
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287 которой совпадает с именем пользователя. |
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288 </para> |
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289 |
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290 </directive> |
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291 |
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292 |
469
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293 <directive name="worker_cpu_affinity"> |
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294 <syntax><value>маска_CPU</value> ...</syntax> |
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295 <default/> |
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296 <context>main</context> |
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297 |
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298 <para> |
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299 Привязывает рабочие процессы к группам процессоров. |
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300 Каждая группа процессоров задаётся битовой маской |
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301 разрешённых к использованию процессоров. |
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302 Для каждого рабочего процесса должна быть задана отдельная группа. |
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303 По умолчанию рабочие процессы не привязаны к конкретным процессорам. |
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304 </para> |
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305 |
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306 <para> |
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307 Например, |
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308 <example> |
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309 worker_processes 4; |
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310 worker_cpu_affinity 0001 0010 0100 1000; |
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311 </example> |
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312 привязывает каждый рабочий процесс к отдельному процессору, тогда как |
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313 <example> |
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314 worker_processes 2; |
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315 worker_cpu_affinity 0101 1010; |
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316 </example> |
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317 привязывает первый рабочий процесс к CPU0/CPU2, |
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318 а второй — к CPU1/CPU3. |
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319 Второй пример пригоден для hyper-threading. |
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320 </para> |
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321 |
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322 <para> |
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323 <note> |
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324 Директива доступна только на FreeBSD и Linux. |
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325 </note> |
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326 </para> |
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327 |
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328 </directive> |
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329 |
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330 |
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331 <directive name="worker_priority"> |
271 | 332 <syntax><value>число</value></syntax> |
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333 <default>0</default> |
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334 <context>main</context> |
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335 |
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336 <para> |
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337 Задаёт приоритет планирования рабочих процессов подобно тому, |
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338 как это делается командой <command>nice</command>: отрицательное |
271 | 339 <value>число</value> |
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340 означает более высокий приоритет. |
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341 Диапазон возможных значений, как правило, варьируется от -20 до 20. |
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342 </para> |
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343 |
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344 <para> |
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345 Пример использования: |
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346 <example> |
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347 worker_priority -10; |
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348 </example> |
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349 </para> |
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350 |
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351 </directive> |
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352 |
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353 |
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354 <directive name="worker_processes"> |
271 | 355 <syntax><value>число</value></syntax> |
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356 <default>1</default> |
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357 <context>main</context> |
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358 |
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359 <para> |
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360 Задаёт число рабочих процессов. |
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361 </para> |
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362 |
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363 <para> |
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364 Оптимальное значение зависит от множества факторов, включая |
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365 (но не ограничиваясь ими) число процессорных ядер, число |
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366 жёстких дисков с данными и картину нагрузок. |
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367 Если затрудняетесь в выборе правильного значения, можно начать |
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368 с установки его равным числу процессорных ядер. |
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369 </para> |
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370 |
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371 </directive> |
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372 |
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373 |
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374 <directive name="worker_rlimit_core"> |
271 | 375 <syntax><value>размер</value></syntax> |
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376 <default/> |
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377 <context>main</context> |
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378 |
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379 <para> |
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380 Изменяет ограничение на наибольший размер core-файла |
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381 (<c-def>RLIMIT_CORE</c-def>) для рабочих процессов. |
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382 Используется для увеличения ограничения без перезапуска основного процесса. |
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383 </para> |
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384 |
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385 </directive> |
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386 |
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387 |
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388 <directive name="worker_rlimit_nofile"> |
271 | 389 <syntax><value>число</value></syntax> |
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390 <default/> |
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391 <context>main</context> |
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392 |
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393 <para> |
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394 Изменяет ограничение на максимальное число открытых файлов |
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395 (<c-def>RLIMIT_NOFILE</c-def>) для рабочих процессов. |
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396 Используется для увеличения ограничения без перезапуска основного процесса. |
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397 </para> |
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398 |
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399 </directive> |
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400 |
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401 |
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402 <directive name="working_directory"> |
271 | 403 <syntax><value>каталог</value></syntax> |
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404 <default/> |
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405 <context>main</context> |
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406 |
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407 <para> |
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408 Задаёт каталог, который будет текущим для рабочего процесса. |
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409 Основное применение — запись core-файла, в этом случае рабочий |
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410 процесс должен иметь права на запись в этот каталог. |
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411 </para> |
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412 |
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413 </directive> |
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414 |
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415 </section> |
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Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
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416 |
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417 </module> |