Mercurial > hg > nginx-site
annotate xml/en/docs/http/ngx_http_upstream_module.xml @ 3088:7b7dbaa7d777
Documented XOAUTH2 and OAUTHBEARER authentication methods.
author | Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru> |
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date | Tue, 04 Jun 2024 18:35:21 +0300 |
parents | 0bbf14c9fd66 |
children | ca4c8ac67c0e |
rev | line source |
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1 <?xml version="1.0"?> |
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2 |
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3 <!-- |
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4 Copyright (C) Igor Sysoev |
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5 Copyright (C) Nginx, Inc. |
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6 --> |
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7 |
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8 <!DOCTYPE module SYSTEM "../../../../dtd/module.dtd"> |
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9 |
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10 <module name="Module ngx_http_upstream_module" |
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11 link="/en/docs/http/ngx_http_upstream_module.html" |
589 | 12 lang="en" |
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13 rev="90"> |
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14 |
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15 <section id="summary"> |
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16 |
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17 <para> |
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18 The <literal>ngx_http_upstream_module</literal> module |
966 | 19 is used to define groups of servers that can be referenced |
20 by the <link doc="ngx_http_proxy_module.xml" id="proxy_pass"/>, | |
1181 | 21 <link doc="ngx_http_fastcgi_module.xml" id="fastcgi_pass"/>, |
1194 | 22 <link doc="ngx_http_uwsgi_module.xml" id="uwsgi_pass"/>, |
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23 <link doc="ngx_http_scgi_module.xml" id="scgi_pass"/>, |
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24 <link doc="ngx_http_memcached_module.xml" id="memcached_pass"/>, and |
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25 <link doc="ngx_http_grpc_module.xml" id="grpc_pass"/> directives. |
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26 </para> |
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27 |
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28 </section> |
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29 |
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30 |
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31 <section id="example" name="Example Configuration"> |
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32 |
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33 <para> |
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34 <example> |
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35 upstream <emphasis>backend</emphasis> { |
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36 server backend1.example.com weight=5; |
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37 server backend2.example.com:8080; |
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38 server unix:/tmp/backend3; |
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39 |
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40 server backup1.example.com:8080 backup; |
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41 server backup2.example.com:8080 backup; |
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42 } |
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43 |
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44 server { |
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45 location / { |
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46 proxy_pass http://<emphasis>backend</emphasis>; |
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47 } |
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48 } |
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49 </example> |
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50 </para> |
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51 |
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52 </section> |
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53 |
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54 |
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55 <section id="directives" name="Directives"> |
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56 |
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57 <directive name="upstream"> |
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58 <syntax block="yes"><value>name</value></syntax> |
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59 <default/> |
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60 <context>http</context> |
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61 |
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62 <para> |
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63 Defines a group of servers. |
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64 Servers can listen on different ports. |
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65 In addition, servers listening on TCP and UNIX-domain sockets |
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66 can be mixed. |
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67 </para> |
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68 |
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69 <para> |
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70 Example: |
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71 <example> |
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72 upstream backend { |
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73 server backend1.example.com weight=5; |
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74 server 127.0.0.1:8080 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s; |
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75 server unix:/tmp/backend3; |
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76 |
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77 server backup1.example.com backup; |
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78 } |
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79 </example> |
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80 </para> |
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81 |
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82 <para> |
966 | 83 By default, requests are distributed between the servers using a |
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84 weighted round-robin balancing method. |
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85 In the above example, each 7 requests will be distributed as follows: |
966 | 86 5 requests go to <literal>backend1.example.com</literal> |
87 and one request to each of the second and third servers. | |
88 If an error occurs during communication with a server, the request will | |
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89 be passed to the next server, and so on until all of the functioning |
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90 servers will be tried. |
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91 If a successful response could not be obtained from any of the servers, |
966 | 92 the client will receive the result of the communication with the last server. |
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93 </para> |
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94 |
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95 </directive> |
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96 |
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97 |
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98 <directive name="server"> |
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99 <syntax><value>address</value> [<value>parameters</value>]</syntax> |
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100 <default/> |
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101 <context>upstream</context> |
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102 |
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103 <para> |
966 | 104 Defines the <value>address</value> and other <value>parameters</value> |
105 of a server. | |
106 The address can be specified as a domain name or IP address, | |
107 with an optional port, or as a UNIX-domain socket path | |
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108 specified after the “<literal>unix:</literal>” prefix. |
966 | 109 If a port is not specified, the port 80 is used. |
110 A domain name that resolves to several IP addresses defines | |
111 multiple servers at once. | |
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112 </para> |
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113 |
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114 <para> |
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115 The following parameters can be defined: |
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116 <list type="tag"> |
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117 |
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118 <tag-name id="weight"> |
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119 <literal>weight</literal>=<value>number</value> |
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120 </tag-name> |
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121 <tag-desc> |
966 | 122 sets the weight of the server, by default, 1. |
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123 </tag-desc> |
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124 |
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125 <tag-name id="max_conns"> |
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126 <literal>max_conns</literal>=<value>number</value> |
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127 </tag-name> |
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128 <tag-desc> |
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129 limits the maximum <value>number</value> of simultaneous active |
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130 connections to the proxied server (1.11.5). |
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131 Default value is zero, meaning there is no limit. |
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132 If the server group does not reside in the <link id="zone">shared memory</link>, |
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133 the limitation works per each worker process. |
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134 <note> |
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135 If <link id="keepalive">idle keepalive</link> connections, |
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136 multiple <link doc="../ngx_core_module.xml" id="worker_processes">workers</link>, |
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137 and the <link id="zone">shared memory</link> are enabled, |
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138 the total number of active and idle connections to the proxied server |
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139 may exceed the <literal>max_conns</literal> value. |
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140 </note> |
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141 </tag-desc> |
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142 |
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143 <tag-name id="max_fails"> |
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144 <literal>max_fails</literal>=<value>number</value> |
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145 </tag-name> |
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146 <tag-desc> |
966 | 147 sets the number of unsuccessful attempts to communicate with the server |
148 that should happen in the duration set by the <literal>fail_timeout</literal> | |
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149 parameter to consider the server unavailable for a duration also set by the |
966 | 150 <literal>fail_timeout</literal> parameter. |
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151 By default, the number of unsuccessful attempts is set to 1. |
966 | 152 The zero value disables the accounting of attempts. |
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153 What is considered an unsuccessful attempt is defined by the |
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154 <link doc="ngx_http_proxy_module.xml" id="proxy_next_upstream"/>, |
1181 | 155 <link doc="ngx_http_fastcgi_module.xml" id="fastcgi_next_upstream"/>, |
1194 | 156 <link doc="ngx_http_uwsgi_module.xml" id="uwsgi_next_upstream"/>, |
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157 <link doc="ngx_http_scgi_module.xml" id="scgi_next_upstream"/>, |
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158 <link doc="ngx_http_memcached_module.xml" id="memcached_next_upstream"/>, and |
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159 <link doc="ngx_http_grpc_module.xml" id="grpc_next_upstream"/> |
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160 directives. |
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161 </tag-desc> |
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162 |
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163 <tag-name id="fail_timeout"> |
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164 <literal>fail_timeout</literal>=<value>time</value> |
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165 </tag-name> |
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166 <tag-desc> |
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167 sets |
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168 <list type="bullet"> |
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169 |
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170 <listitem> |
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172 communicate with the server should happen to consider the server unavailable; |
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173 </listitem> |
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174 |
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175 <listitem> |
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176 and the period of time the server will be considered unavailable. |
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177 </listitem> |
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178 |
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179 </list> |
966 | 180 By default, the parameter is set to 10 seconds. |
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181 </tag-desc> |
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182 |
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183 <tag-name id="backup"> |
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184 <literal>backup</literal> |
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185 </tag-name> |
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186 <tag-desc> |
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187 marks the server as a backup server. |
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188 It will be passed requests when the primary servers are unavailable. |
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189 <note> |
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190 The parameter cannot be used along with the |
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191 <link id="hash"/>, <link id="ip_hash"/>, and <link id="random"/> |
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192 load balancing methods. |
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193 </note> |
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194 </tag-desc> |
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195 |
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196 <tag-name id="down"> |
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197 <literal>down</literal> |
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198 </tag-name> |
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199 <tag-desc> |
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200 marks the server as permanently unavailable. |
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201 </tag-desc> |
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202 |
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203 </list> |
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204 </para> |
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205 |
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206 <para> |
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207 <note> |
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208 If there is only a single server in a group, |
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209 <literal>max_fails</literal> and <literal>fail_timeout</literal> parameters |
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210 are ignored, and such a server will never be considered unavailable. |
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211 </note> |
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212 </para> |
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213 |
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214 </directive> |
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215 |
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216 |
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217 <directive name="zone"> |
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218 <syntax><value>name</value> [<value>size</value>]</syntax> |
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219 <default/> |
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220 <context>upstream</context> |
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221 <appeared-in>1.9.0</appeared-in> |
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222 |
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223 <para> |
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224 Defines the <value>name</value> and <value>size</value> of the shared |
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225 memory zone that keeps the group’s configuration and run-time state that are |
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226 shared between worker processes. |
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227 Several groups may share the same zone. |
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228 In this case, it is enough to specify the <value>size</value> only once. |
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229 </para> |
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230 |
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231 </directive> |
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232 |
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233 |
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234 <directive name="hash"> |
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235 <syntax><value>key</value> [<literal>consistent</literal>]</syntax> |
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236 <default/> |
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237 <context>upstream</context> |
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238 <appeared-in>1.7.2</appeared-in> |
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239 |
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240 <para> |
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241 Specifies a load balancing method for a server group |
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242 where the client-server mapping is based on the hashed <value>key</value> value. |
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243 The <value>key</value> can contain text, variables, and their combinations. |
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244 Note that adding or removing a server from the group |
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245 may result in remapping most of the keys to different servers. |
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246 The method is compatible with the |
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247 <link url="https://metacpan.org/pod/Cache::Memcached">Cache::Memcached</link> |
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248 Perl library. |
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249 </para> |
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250 |
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251 <para> |
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252 If the <literal>consistent</literal> parameter is specified, |
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253 the <link url="https://www.metabrew.com/article/libketama-consistent-hashing-algo-memcached-clients">ketama</link> |
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254 consistent hashing method will be used instead. |
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255 The method ensures that only a few keys |
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256 will be remapped to different servers |
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257 when a server is added to or removed from the group. |
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258 This helps to achieve a higher cache hit ratio for caching servers. |
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259 The method is compatible with the |
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260 <link url="https://metacpan.org/pod/Cache::Memcached::Fast">Cache::Memcached::Fast</link> |
1236 | 261 Perl library with the <value>ketama_points</value> parameter set to 160. |
1230
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262 </para> |
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263 |
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264 </directive> |
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265 |
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266 |
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267 <directive name="ip_hash"> |
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268 <syntax/> |
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269 <default/> |
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270 <context>upstream</context> |
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271 |
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272 <para> |
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273 Specifies that a group should use a load balancing method where requests |
293
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274 are distributed between servers based on client IP addresses. |
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275 The first three octets of the client IPv4 address, or the entire IPv6 address, |
533
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276 are used as a hashing key. |
966 | 277 The method ensures that requests from the same client will always be |
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278 passed to the same server except when this server is unavailable. |
966 | 279 In the latter case client requests will be passed to another server. |
280 Most probably, it will always be the same server as well. | |
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281 <note> |
566 | 282 IPv6 addresses are supported starting from versions 1.3.2 and 1.2.2. |
542
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283 </note> |
293
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284 </para> |
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285 |
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286 <para> |
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287 If one of the servers needs to be temporarily removed, it should |
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288 be marked with the <literal>down</literal> parameter in |
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289 order to preserve the current hashing of client IP addresses. |
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290 </para> |
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291 |
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292 <para> |
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293 Example: |
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294 <example> |
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295 upstream backend { |
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296 ip_hash; |
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297 |
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298 server backend1.example.com; |
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299 server backend2.example.com; |
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300 server backend3.example.com <emphasis>down</emphasis>; |
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301 server backend4.example.com; |
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302 } |
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303 </example> |
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304 </para> |
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305 |
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306 <para> |
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307 <note> |
966 | 308 Until versions 1.3.1 and 1.2.2, it was not possible to specify a weight for |
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309 servers using the <literal>ip_hash</literal> load balancing method. |
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310 </note> |
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311 </para> |
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312 |
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313 </directive> |
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314 |
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315 |
316
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316 <directive name="keepalive"> |
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317 <syntax><value>connections</value></syntax> |
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318 <default/> |
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319 <context>upstream</context> |
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320 <appeared-in>1.1.4</appeared-in> |
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321 |
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322 <para> |
966 | 323 Activates the cache for connections to upstream servers. |
316
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324 </para> |
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325 |
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326 <para> |
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327 The <value>connections</value> parameter sets the maximum number of |
966 | 328 idle keepalive connections to upstream servers that are preserved in |
329 the cache of each worker process. | |
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330 When this number is exceeded, the least recently used connections |
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331 are closed. |
316
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332 <note> |
966 | 333 It should be particularly noted that the <literal>keepalive</literal> directive |
334 does not limit the total number of connections to upstream servers | |
335 that an nginx worker process can open. | |
336 The <value>connections</value> parameter should be set to a number small enough | |
337 to let upstream servers process new incoming connections as well. | |
316
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338 </note> |
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339 |
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340 <note> |
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341 When using load balancing methods other than the default |
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342 round-robin method, it is necessary to activate them before |
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343 the <literal>keepalive</literal> directive. |
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344 </note> |
316
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345 </para> |
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346 |
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347 <para> |
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348 Example configuration of memcached upstream with keepalive connections: |
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349 <example> |
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350 upstream memcached_backend { |
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351 server 127.0.0.1:11211; |
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352 server 10.0.0.2:11211; |
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353 |
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354 keepalive 32; |
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355 } |
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356 |
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357 server { |
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358 ... |
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359 |
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360 location /memcached/ { |
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361 set $memcached_key $uri; |
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362 memcached_pass memcached_backend; |
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363 } |
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364 |
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365 } |
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366 </example> |
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367 </para> |
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368 |
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369 <para> |
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370 For HTTP, the <link doc="ngx_http_proxy_module.xml" id="proxy_http_version"/> |
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371 directive should be set to “<literal>1.1</literal>” |
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372 and the <header>Connection</header> header field should be cleared: |
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373 <example> |
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374 upstream http_backend { |
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375 server 127.0.0.1:8080; |
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376 |
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377 keepalive 16; |
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378 } |
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379 |
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380 server { |
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381 ... |
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382 |
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383 location /http/ { |
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384 proxy_pass http://http_backend; |
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385 proxy_http_version 1.1; |
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386 proxy_set_header Connection ""; |
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|
387 ... |
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388 } |
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389 } |
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390 </example> |
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391 </para> |
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392 |
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393 <para> |
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394 <note> |
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395 Alternatively, HTTP/1.0 persistent connections can be used by passing the |
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396 <header>Connection: Keep-Alive</header> header field to an upstream server, |
966 | 397 though this method is not recommended. |
316
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398 </note> |
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399 </para> |
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400 |
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401 <para> |
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402 For FastCGI servers, it is required to set |
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403 <link doc="ngx_http_fastcgi_module.xml" id="fastcgi_keep_conn"/> |
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404 for keepalive connections to work: |
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405 <example> |
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406 upstream fastcgi_backend { |
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407 server 127.0.0.1:9000; |
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408 |
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409 keepalive 8; |
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410 } |
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411 |
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412 server { |
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413 ... |
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414 |
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415 location /fastcgi/ { |
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416 fastcgi_pass fastcgi_backend; |
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417 fastcgi_keep_conn on; |
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418 ... |
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419 } |
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420 } |
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421 </example> |
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422 </para> |
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423 |
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424 <para> |
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425 <note> |
533
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426 SCGI and uwsgi protocols do not have a notion of keepalive connections. |
316
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427 </note> |
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428 </para> |
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429 |
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430 </directive> |
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431 |
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432 |
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433 <directive name="keepalive_requests"> |
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434 <syntax><value>number</value></syntax> |
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435 <default>1000</default> |
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436 <context>upstream</context> |
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437 <appeared-in>1.15.3</appeared-in> |
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438 |
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439 <para> |
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|
440 Sets the maximum number of requests that can be |
2225
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|
441 served through one keepalive connection. |
2223
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|
442 After the maximum number of requests is made, the connection is closed. |
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443 </para> |
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|
444 |
2450
a26a42699207
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|
445 <para> |
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|
446 Closing connections periodically is necessary to free |
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|
447 per-connection memory allocations. |
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|
448 Therefore, using too high maximum number of requests |
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449 could result in excessive memory usage and not recommended. |
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|
450 </para> |
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|
451 |
2706
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Changed default value of keepalive_requests.
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|
452 <para> |
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|
453 <note> |
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|
454 Prior to version 1.19.10, the default value was 100. |
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|
455 </note> |
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|
456 </para> |
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|
457 |
2223
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|
458 </directive> |
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|
459 |
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|
460 |
2705
06805824d0f0
Documented the keepalive_time directive.
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|
461 <directive name="keepalive_time"> |
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|
462 <syntax><value>time</value></syntax> |
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|
463 <default>1h</default> |
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|
464 <context>upstream</context> |
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|
465 <appeared-in>1.19.10</appeared-in> |
06805824d0f0
Documented the keepalive_time directive.
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|
466 |
06805824d0f0
Documented the keepalive_time directive.
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|
467 <para> |
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Documented the keepalive_time directive.
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changeset
|
468 Limits the maximum time during which |
06805824d0f0
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|
469 requests can be processed through one keepalive connection. |
06805824d0f0
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|
470 After this time is reached, the connection is closed |
06805824d0f0
Documented the keepalive_time directive.
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|
471 following the subsequent request processing. |
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Documented the keepalive_time directive.
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|
472 </para> |
06805824d0f0
Documented the keepalive_time directive.
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|
473 |
06805824d0f0
Documented the keepalive_time directive.
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changeset
|
474 </directive> |
06805824d0f0
Documented the keepalive_time directive.
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changeset
|
475 |
06805824d0f0
Documented the keepalive_time directive.
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diff
changeset
|
476 |
2223
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changeset
|
477 <directive name="keepalive_timeout"> |
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|
478 <syntax><value>timeout</value></syntax> |
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|
479 <default>60s</default> |
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|
480 <context>upstream</context> |
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changeset
|
481 <appeared-in>1.15.3</appeared-in> |
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diff
changeset
|
482 |
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diff
changeset
|
483 <para> |
2225
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changeset
|
484 Sets a timeout during which an idle keepalive |
2223
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diff
changeset
|
485 connection to an upstream server will stay open. |
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changeset
|
486 </para> |
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diff
changeset
|
487 |
a692df6ef304
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diff
changeset
|
488 </directive> |
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diff
changeset
|
489 |
a692df6ef304
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diff
changeset
|
490 |
526
4f907cde0382
1.3.1 changes: ip_hash+weight, least_conn.
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|
491 <directive name="least_conn"> |
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|
492 <syntax/> |
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|
493 <default/> |
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|
494 <context>upstream</context> |
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1.3.1 changes: ip_hash+weight, least_conn.
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|
495 <appeared-in>1.3.1</appeared-in> |
566 | 496 <appeared-in>1.2.2</appeared-in> |
526
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|
497 |
4f907cde0382
1.3.1 changes: ip_hash+weight, least_conn.
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|
498 <para> |
533
fb630c3c5039
Revamped the upstream documentation somewhat.
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diff
changeset
|
499 Specifies that a group should use a load balancing method where a request |
526
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1.3.1 changes: ip_hash+weight, least_conn.
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|
500 is passed to the server with the least number of active connections, |
4f907cde0382
1.3.1 changes: ip_hash+weight, least_conn.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
316
diff
changeset
|
501 taking into account weights of servers. |
1232
ab2ea38f3512
Upstream: least_conn description corresponds to the Russian text.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
1230
diff
changeset
|
502 If there are several such servers, they are tried in turn using a |
533
fb630c3c5039
Revamped the upstream documentation somewhat.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
526
diff
changeset
|
503 weighted round-robin balancing method. |
293
34246e706f48
English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
504 </para> |
34246e706f48
English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
505 |
34246e706f48
English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
506 </directive> |
34246e706f48
English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
507 |
953
aded7086e84f
Commercial version documentation.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
942
diff
changeset
|
508 |
2191
2c56f91c304a
Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
2139
diff
changeset
|
509 <directive name="random"> |
2c56f91c304a
Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
2139
diff
changeset
|
510 <syntax>[<literal>two</literal> [<value>method</value>]]</syntax> |
2c56f91c304a
Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
2139
diff
changeset
|
511 <default/> |
2c56f91c304a
Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
2139
diff
changeset
|
512 <context>upstream</context> |
2c56f91c304a
Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
2139
diff
changeset
|
513 <appeared-in>1.15.1</appeared-in> |
2c56f91c304a
Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
2139
diff
changeset
|
514 |
2c56f91c304a
Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
2139
diff
changeset
|
515 <para> |
2c56f91c304a
Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
2139
diff
changeset
|
516 Specifies that a group should use a load balancing method where a request |
2c56f91c304a
Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
2139
diff
changeset
|
517 is passed to a randomly selected server, taking into account weights |
2c56f91c304a
Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
2139
diff
changeset
|
518 of servers. |
2c56f91c304a
Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
2139
diff
changeset
|
519 </para> |
2c56f91c304a
Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
2139
diff
changeset
|
520 |
2c56f91c304a
Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
2139
diff
changeset
|
521 <para> |
2c56f91c304a
Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
2139
diff
changeset
|
522 The optional <literal>two</literal> parameter |
2c56f91c304a
Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
2139
diff
changeset
|
523 instructs nginx to randomly select |
2197
03f8a9c5e8ae
Updated link in the "random" directive.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
2191
diff
changeset
|
524 <link url="https://homes.cs.washington.edu/~karlin/papers/balls.pdf">two</link> |
2191
2c56f91c304a
Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
2139
diff
changeset
|
525 servers and then choose a server |
2c56f91c304a
Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
2139
diff
changeset
|
526 using the specified <literal>method</literal>. |
2c56f91c304a
Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
2139
diff
changeset
|
527 The default method is <literal>least_conn</literal> |
2c56f91c304a
Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
2139
diff
changeset
|
528 which passes a request to a server |
2c56f91c304a
Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
2139
diff
changeset
|
529 with the least number of active connections. |
2c56f91c304a
Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
2139
diff
changeset
|
530 </para> |
2c56f91c304a
Documented the "random" directive.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
2139
diff
changeset
|
531 |
1026
3056640d5022
Upstream: documented new "sticky" features.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
1011
diff
changeset
|
532 </directive> |
3056640d5022
Upstream: documented new "sticky" features.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
1011
diff
changeset
|
533 |
293
34246e706f48
English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
534 </section> |
34246e706f48
English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
535 |
34246e706f48
English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
536 |
34246e706f48
English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
537 <section id="variables" name="Embedded Variables"> |
34246e706f48
English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
538 |
34246e706f48
English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
539 <para> |
34246e706f48
English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
540 The <literal>ngx_http_upstream_module</literal> module |
34246e706f48
English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
541 supports the following embedded variables: |
34246e706f48
English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
542 <list type="tag"> |
34246e706f48
English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
543 |
1155
07402a11fd8d
Assigned IDs to tags describing variables.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
1128
diff
changeset
|
544 <tag-name id="var_upstream_addr"><var>$upstream_addr</var></tag-name> |
293
34246e706f48
English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
545 <tag-desc> |
1391
0702cc081c63
Revised descriptions of upstream module variables.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
1386
diff
changeset
|
546 keeps the IP address and port, |
0702cc081c63
Revised descriptions of upstream module variables.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
1386
diff
changeset
|
547 or the path to the UNIX-domain socket of the upstream server. |
293
34246e706f48
English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
548 If several servers were contacted during request processing, |
34246e706f48
English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
549 their addresses are separated by commas, e.g. |
34246e706f48
English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
550 “<literal>192.168.1.1:80, 192.168.1.2:80, unix:/tmp/sock</literal>”. |
966 | 551 If an internal redirect from one server group to another happens, |
552 initiated by | |
293
34246e706f48
English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
553 <header>X-Accel-Redirect</header> or |
966 | 554 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="error_page"/>, |
555 then the server addresses from different groups are separated by colons, e.g. | |
293
34246e706f48
English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
556 “<literal>192.168.1.1:80, 192.168.1.2:80, unix:/tmp/sock : 192.168.10.1:80, 192.168.10.2:80</literal>”. |
2058
eb58ee50561d
Documented upstream name in $upstream_addr.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
2041
diff
changeset
|
557 If a server cannot be selected, |
eb58ee50561d
Documented upstream name in $upstream_addr.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
2041
diff
changeset
|
558 the variable keeps the name of the server group. |
293
34246e706f48
English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
559 </tag-desc> |
34246e706f48
English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
560 |
1783
031566771bbd
Documented $upstream_bytes_received for http upstream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
1722
diff
changeset
|
561 <tag-name id="var_upstream_bytes_received"><var>$upstream_bytes_received</var></tag-name> |
031566771bbd
Documented $upstream_bytes_received for http upstream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
1722
diff
changeset
|
562 <tag-desc> |
031566771bbd
Documented $upstream_bytes_received for http upstream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
1722
diff
changeset
|
563 number of bytes received from an upstream server (1.11.4). |
031566771bbd
Documented $upstream_bytes_received for http upstream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
1722
diff
changeset
|
564 Values from several connections |
031566771bbd
Documented $upstream_bytes_received for http upstream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
1722
diff
changeset
|
565 are separated by commas and colons like addresses in the |
031566771bbd
Documented $upstream_bytes_received for http upstream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
1722
diff
changeset
|
566 <link id="var_upstream_addr">$upstream_addr</link> variable. |
031566771bbd
Documented $upstream_bytes_received for http upstream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
1722
diff
changeset
|
567 </tag-desc> |
031566771bbd
Documented $upstream_bytes_received for http upstream.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
1722
diff
changeset
|
568 |
2307
994207cf96da
Documented the "$upstream_bytes_sent" variable for http.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
2282
diff
changeset
|
569 <tag-name id="var_upstream_bytes_sent"><var>$upstream_bytes_sent</var></tag-name> |
994207cf96da
Documented the "$upstream_bytes_sent" variable for http.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
2282
diff
changeset
|
570 <tag-desc> |
994207cf96da
Documented the "$upstream_bytes_sent" variable for http.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
2282
diff
changeset
|
571 number of bytes sent to an upstream server (1.15.8). |
994207cf96da
Documented the "$upstream_bytes_sent" variable for http.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
2282
diff
changeset
|
572 Values from several connections |
994207cf96da
Documented the "$upstream_bytes_sent" variable for http.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
2282
diff
changeset
|
573 are separated by commas and colons like addresses in the |
994207cf96da
Documented the "$upstream_bytes_sent" variable for http.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
2282
diff
changeset
|
574 <link id="var_upstream_addr">$upstream_addr</link> variable. |
994207cf96da
Documented the "$upstream_bytes_sent" variable for http.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
2282
diff
changeset
|
575 </tag-desc> |
994207cf96da
Documented the "$upstream_bytes_sent" variable for http.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
2282
diff
changeset
|
576 |
3084
0bbf14c9fd66
Documented $upstream_cache_key.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
3043
diff
changeset
|
577 <tag-name id="var_upstream_cache_key"><var>$upstream_cache_key</var> |
0bbf14c9fd66
Documented $upstream_cache_key.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
3043
diff
changeset
|
578 </tag-name> |
0bbf14c9fd66
Documented $upstream_cache_key.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
3043
diff
changeset
|
579 <tag-desc> |
0bbf14c9fd66
Documented $upstream_cache_key.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
3043
diff
changeset
|
580 the cache key being used (1.27.1). |
0bbf14c9fd66
Documented $upstream_cache_key.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
3043
diff
changeset
|
581 </tag-desc> |
0bbf14c9fd66
Documented $upstream_cache_key.
Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
parents:
3043
diff
changeset
|
582 |
1155
07402a11fd8d
Assigned IDs to tags describing variables.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
1128
diff
changeset
|
583 <tag-name id="var_upstream_cache_status"><var>$upstream_cache_status</var> |
07402a11fd8d
Assigned IDs to tags describing variables.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
1128
diff
changeset
|
584 </tag-name> |
731
f62328124e5b
Documented $upstream_cache_status and $upstream_response_length variables.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
654
diff
changeset
|
585 <tag-desc> |
966 | 586 keeps the status of accessing a response cache (0.8.3). |
1075
6c021feec587
Removed unjustified non-breakable spaces.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
1026
diff
changeset
|
587 The status can be either “<literal>MISS</literal>”, |
731
f62328124e5b
Documented $upstream_cache_status and $upstream_response_length variables.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
654
diff
changeset
|
588 “<literal>BYPASS</literal>”, “<literal>EXPIRED</literal>”, |
1011
2ad2f30efdf2
Documented the "fastcgi_" and "proxy_cache_revalidate" directives.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
1003
diff
changeset
|
589 “<literal>STALE</literal>”, “<literal>UPDATING</literal>”, |
1391
0702cc081c63
Revised descriptions of upstream module variables.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
1386
diff
changeset
|
590 “<literal>REVALIDATED</literal>”, or “<literal>HIT</literal>”. |
731
f62328124e5b
Documented $upstream_cache_status and $upstream_response_length variables.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
654
diff
changeset
|
591 </tag-desc> |
f62328124e5b
Documented $upstream_cache_status and $upstream_response_length variables.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
654
diff
changeset
|
592 |
1481
f29398a167d0
Documented the upstream_connect_time variable.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
1461
diff
changeset
|
593 <tag-name id="var_upstream_connect_time"><var>$upstream_connect_time</var> |
f29398a167d0
Documented the upstream_connect_time variable.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
1461
diff
changeset
|
594 </tag-name> |
f29398a167d0
Documented the upstream_connect_time variable.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
1461
diff
changeset
|
595 <tag-desc> |
f29398a167d0
Documented the upstream_connect_time variable.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
1461
diff
changeset
|
596 keeps time spent on establishing a connection with the upstream server (1.9.1); |
f29398a167d0
Documented the upstream_connect_time variable.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
1461
diff
changeset
|
597 the time is kept in seconds with millisecond resolution. |
f29398a167d0
Documented the upstream_connect_time variable.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
1461
diff
changeset
|
598 In case of SSL, includes time spent on handshake. |
f29398a167d0
Documented the upstream_connect_time variable.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
1461
diff
changeset
|
599 Times of several connections |
f29398a167d0
Documented the upstream_connect_time variable.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
1461
diff
changeset
|
600 are separated by commas and colons like addresses in the |
f29398a167d0
Documented the upstream_connect_time variable.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
1461
diff
changeset
|
601 <link id="var_upstream_addr">$upstream_addr</link> variable. |
f29398a167d0
Documented the upstream_connect_time variable.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
1461
diff
changeset
|
602 </tag-desc> |
f29398a167d0
Documented the upstream_connect_time variable.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
1461
diff
changeset
|
603 |
1186
8125bec5c7a1
Upstream: documented the $upstream_cookie_* variables.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
1181
diff
changeset
|
604 <tag-name id="var_upstream_cookie_"><var>$upstream_cookie_</var><value>name</value> |
8125bec5c7a1
Upstream: documented the $upstream_cookie_* variables.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
1181
diff
changeset
|
605 </tag-name> |
8125bec5c7a1
Upstream: documented the $upstream_cookie_* variables.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
1181
diff
changeset
|
606 <tag-desc> |
8125bec5c7a1
Upstream: documented the $upstream_cookie_* variables.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
1181
diff
changeset
|
607 cookie with the specified <value>name</value> sent by the upstream server |
8125bec5c7a1
Upstream: documented the $upstream_cookie_* variables.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
1181
diff
changeset
|
608 in the <header>Set-Cookie</header> response header field (1.7.1). |
1391
0702cc081c63
Revised descriptions of upstream module variables.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
1386
diff
changeset
|
609 Only the cookies from the response of the last server are saved. |
1186
8125bec5c7a1
Upstream: documented the $upstream_cookie_* variables.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
1181
diff
changeset
|
610 </tag-desc> |
8125bec5c7a1
Upstream: documented the $upstream_cookie_* variables.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
1181
diff
changeset
|
611 |
1393
15e8779f0ceb
Documented the $upstream_header_time variable.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
1392
diff
changeset
|
612 <tag-name id="var_upstream_header_time"><var>$upstream_header_time</var> |
15e8779f0ceb
Documented the $upstream_header_time variable.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
1392
diff
changeset
|
613 </tag-name> |
15e8779f0ceb
Documented the $upstream_header_time variable.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
1392
diff
changeset
|
614 <tag-desc> |
15e8779f0ceb
Documented the $upstream_header_time variable.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
1392
diff
changeset
|
615 keeps time |
15e8779f0ceb
Documented the $upstream_header_time variable.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
1392
diff
changeset
|
616 spent on receiving the response header from the upstream server (1.7.10); |
15e8779f0ceb
Documented the $upstream_header_time variable.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
1392
diff
changeset
|
617 the time is kept in seconds with millisecond resolution. |
15e8779f0ceb
Documented the $upstream_header_time variable.
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618 Times of several responses |
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Documented the $upstream_header_time variable.
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619 are separated by commas and colons like addresses in the |
15e8779f0ceb
Documented the $upstream_header_time variable.
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620 <link id="var_upstream_addr">$upstream_addr</link> variable. |
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Documented the $upstream_header_time variable.
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621 </tag-desc> |
15e8779f0ceb
Documented the $upstream_header_time variable.
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|
622 |
1392
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Sorted upstream module variables.
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623 <tag-name id="var_upstream_http_"><var>$upstream_http_</var><value>name</value></tag-name> |
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Sorted upstream module variables.
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624 <tag-desc> |
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625 keep server response header fields. |
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Sorted upstream module variables.
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626 For example, the <header>Server</header> response header field |
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Sorted upstream module variables.
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627 is available through the <var>$upstream_http_server</var> variable. |
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Sorted upstream module variables.
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628 The rules of converting header field names to variable names are the same |
82e62822abe8
Sorted upstream module variables.
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629 as for the variables that start with the |
82e62822abe8
Sorted upstream module variables.
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630 “<link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="var_http_">$http_</link>” prefix. |
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631 Only the header fields from the response of the last server are saved. |
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Sorted upstream module variables.
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|
632 </tag-desc> |
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Sorted upstream module variables.
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changeset
|
633 |
2139
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Updated docs for the upcoming NGINX Plus release.
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634 <tag-name id="var_upstream_queue_time"><var>$upstream_queue_time</var></tag-name> |
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Updated docs for the upcoming NGINX Plus release.
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diff
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|
635 <tag-desc> |
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Updated docs for the upcoming NGINX Plus release.
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|
636 keeps time the request spent in the upstream <link id="queue">queue</link> |
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Updated docs for the upcoming NGINX Plus release.
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|
637 (1.13.9); |
f6e578b1b02d
Updated docs for the upcoming NGINX Plus release.
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parents:
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|
638 the time is kept in seconds with millisecond resolution. |
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Updated docs for the upcoming NGINX Plus release.
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639 Times of several responses |
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parents:
2134
diff
changeset
|
640 are separated by commas and colons like addresses in the |
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Updated docs for the upcoming NGINX Plus release.
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parents:
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changeset
|
641 <link id="var_upstream_addr">$upstream_addr</link> variable. |
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Updated docs for the upcoming NGINX Plus release.
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|
642 </tag-desc> |
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Updated docs for the upcoming NGINX Plus release.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
643 |
1155
07402a11fd8d
Assigned IDs to tags describing variables.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
1128
diff
changeset
|
644 <tag-name id="var_upstream_response_length"><var>$upstream_response_length</var> |
07402a11fd8d
Assigned IDs to tags describing variables.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
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changeset
|
645 </tag-name> |
731
f62328124e5b
Documented $upstream_cache_status and $upstream_response_length variables.
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parents:
654
diff
changeset
|
646 <tag-desc> |
1391
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Revised descriptions of upstream module variables.
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|
647 keeps the length of the response obtained from the upstream server (0.7.27); |
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Revised descriptions of upstream module variables.
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|
648 the length is kept in bytes. |
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Revised descriptions of upstream module variables.
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|
649 Lengths of several responses |
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Revised descriptions of upstream module variables.
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|
650 are separated by commas and colons like addresses in the |
0702cc081c63
Revised descriptions of upstream module variables.
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parents:
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changeset
|
651 <link id="var_upstream_addr">$upstream_addr</link> variable. |
731
f62328124e5b
Documented $upstream_cache_status and $upstream_response_length variables.
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parents:
654
diff
changeset
|
652 </tag-desc> |
f62328124e5b
Documented $upstream_cache_status and $upstream_response_length variables.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
parents:
654
diff
changeset
|
653 |
1155
07402a11fd8d
Assigned IDs to tags describing variables.
Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>
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changeset
|
654 <tag-name id="var_upstream_response_time"><var>$upstream_response_time</var> |
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Assigned IDs to tags describing variables.
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diff
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|
655 </tag-name> |
293
34246e706f48
English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
656 <tag-desc> |
1391
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Revised descriptions of upstream module variables.
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parents:
1386
diff
changeset
|
657 keeps time spent on receiving the response from the upstream server; |
0702cc081c63
Revised descriptions of upstream module variables.
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parents:
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changeset
|
658 the time is kept in seconds with millisecond resolution. |
0702cc081c63
Revised descriptions of upstream module variables.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
659 Times of several responses |
0702cc081c63
Revised descriptions of upstream module variables.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
660 are separated by commas and colons like addresses in the |
0702cc081c63
Revised descriptions of upstream module variables.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
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changeset
|
661 <link id="var_upstream_addr">$upstream_addr</link> variable. |
293
34246e706f48
English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
662 </tag-desc> |
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English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
663 |
1155
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Assigned IDs to tags describing variables.
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diff
changeset
|
664 <tag-name id="var_upstream_status"><var>$upstream_status</var></tag-name> |
293
34246e706f48
English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
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changeset
|
665 <tag-desc> |
1391
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Revised descriptions of upstream module variables.
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|
666 keeps status code of the response obtained from the upstream server. |
0702cc081c63
Revised descriptions of upstream module variables.
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diff
changeset
|
667 Status codes of several responses |
0702cc081c63
Revised descriptions of upstream module variables.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
668 are separated by commas and colons like addresses in the |
0702cc081c63
Revised descriptions of upstream module variables.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
669 <link id="var_upstream_addr">$upstream_addr</link> variable. |
2062
7275c134ec67
Documented "no live upstreams" case for $upstream_status.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
2058
diff
changeset
|
670 If a server cannot be selected, |
7275c134ec67
Documented "no live upstreams" case for $upstream_status.
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parents:
2058
diff
changeset
|
671 the variable keeps the <http-status code="502" text="Bad Gateway"/> status code. |
293
34246e706f48
English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
672 </tag-desc> |
34246e706f48
English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
673 |
2113
180269c4a220
Documented the "upstream_trailer_" variable.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
674 <tag-name id="var_upstream_trailer_"><var>$upstream_trailer_</var><value>name</value></tag-name> |
180269c4a220
Documented the "upstream_trailer_" variable.
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parents:
2097
diff
changeset
|
675 <tag-desc> |
180269c4a220
Documented the "upstream_trailer_" variable.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
2097
diff
changeset
|
676 keeps fields from the end of the response |
180269c4a220
Documented the "upstream_trailer_" variable.
Yaroslav Zhuravlev <yar@nginx.com>
parents:
2097
diff
changeset
|
677 obtained from the upstream server (1.13.10). |
180269c4a220
Documented the "upstream_trailer_" variable.
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parents:
2097
diff
changeset
|
678 </tag-desc> |
180269c4a220
Documented the "upstream_trailer_" variable.
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parents:
2097
diff
changeset
|
679 |
293
34246e706f48
English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
680 </list> |
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English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
681 </para> |
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English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
682 |
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English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
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parents:
diff
changeset
|
683 </section> |
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English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
684 |
34246e706f48
English translation of the ngx_http_upstream_module documentation.
Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
685 </module> |