Mercurial > hg > nginx-site
annotate xml/ru/docs/http/ngx_http_log_module.xml @ 265:4d047c05b7ad
Revised the "nginx for Windows" article.
author | Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com> |
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date | Thu, 22 Dec 2011 09:07:37 +0000 |
parents | 7f36795d99a2 |
children | 945d7299c26c |
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1 <?xml version="1.0"?> |
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2 |
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3 <!DOCTYPE module SYSTEM "../../../../dtd/module.dtd"> |
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4 |
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5 <module name="Модуль ngx_http_log_module" |
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6 link="/ru/docs/http/ngx_http_log_module.html" |
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7 lang="ru"> |
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8 |
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9 <section id="summary"> |
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10 |
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11 <para> |
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12 Модуль <code>ngx_http_log_module</code> записывает логи запросов |
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13 в указанном формате. |
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14 </para> |
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15 |
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16 </section> |
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17 |
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18 |
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19 <section id="example" name="Пример конфигурации"> |
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20 |
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21 <para> |
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22 <example> |
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23 log_format gzip '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] ' |
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24 '"$request" $status $bytes_sent ' |
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25 '"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" "$gzip_ratio"'; |
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26 |
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27 access_log /spool/logs/nginx-access.log gzip buffer=32k; |
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28 </example> |
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29 </para> |
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30 |
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31 </section> |
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32 |
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33 |
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34 <section id="directives" name="Директивы"> |
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35 |
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36 <directive name="access_log"> |
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37 <syntax> |
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38 <argument>путь</argument> |
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39 [<argument>формат</argument> |
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40 [<parameter>buffer</parameter>=<argument>размер</argument>]]</syntax> |
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41 <syntax><value>off</value></syntax> |
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42 <default>log/access.log combined</default> |
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43 <context>http</context> |
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44 <context>server</context> |
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45 <context>location</context> |
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46 <context>if в location</context> |
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47 <context>limit_except</context> |
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48 |
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49 <para> |
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50 Задаёт путь, формат и размер буфера для буферизованной записи в лог. |
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51 На одном уровне может использоваться несколько логов. |
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52 Специальное значение <value>off</value> отменяет все директивы |
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53 <code>access_log</code> для текущего уровня. |
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54 Если формат не указан, то используется предопределённый формат |
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55 “<code>combined</code>”. |
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56 </para> |
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57 |
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58 <para> |
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59 Размер буфера должен быть не больше размера атомарной записи в дисковый файл. |
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60 Для FreeBSD 3.0-6.0 этот размер неограничен. |
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61 </para> |
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62 |
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63 <para> |
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64 В пути файла можно использовать переменные (0.7.6+), |
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65 но такие логи имеют некоторые ограничения: |
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66 <list type="bullet"> |
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67 |
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68 <listitem> |
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69 <link doc="../ngx_core_module.xml" id="user">пользователь</link>, |
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70 с правами которого работают рабочие процессы, должен |
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71 иметь права на создание файлов в каталоге с такими логами; |
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72 </listitem> |
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73 |
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74 <listitem> |
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75 не работает буферизация; |
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76 </listitem> |
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77 |
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78 <listitem> |
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79 файл открывается для каждой записи в лог и сразу же после записи закрывается. |
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80 Следует однако иметь в виду, что поскольку дескрипторы часто используемых файлов |
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81 могут храниться в <link id="open_log_file_cache">кэше</link>, |
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82 то при вращении логов в течение времени, заданного параметром |
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83 <parameter>valid</parameter> директивы <link id="open_log_file_cache"/>, |
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84 запись может продолжаться в старый файл. |
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85 </listitem> |
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86 |
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87 <listitem> |
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88 при каждой записи в лог проверяется существование |
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89 <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="root">корневого каталога</link> |
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90 для запроса — если этот каталог не существует, то лог не создаётся. |
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91 Поэтому <link doc="ngx_http_core_module.xml" id="root"/> |
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92 и <code>access_log</code> нужно описывать на одном уровне: |
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93 <example> |
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94 server { |
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95 root /spool/vhost/data/$host; |
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96 access_log /spool/vhost/logs/$host; |
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97 ... |
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98 </example> |
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99 </listitem> |
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100 |
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101 </list> |
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102 </para> |
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103 |
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104 </directive> |
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105 |
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106 |
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107 <directive name="log_format"> |
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108 <syntax> |
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109 <argument>название строка ...</argument> |
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110 </syntax> |
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111 <default>combined "..."</default> |
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112 <context>http</context> |
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113 |
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114 <para> |
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115 Задаёт формат лога. |
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116 </para> |
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117 |
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118 <para> |
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119 Кроме общих переменных в формате можно использовать переменные, |
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120 существующие только на момент записи в лог: |
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121 <list type="tag"> |
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122 |
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123 <tag-name><var>$body_bytes_sent</var></tag-name> |
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124 <tag-desc> |
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125 число байт, переданных клиенту, за вычетом заголовка ответа; |
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126 переменная совместима с параметром “<code>%B</code>” модуля Apache |
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127 <code>mod_log_config</code> |
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128 </tag-desc> |
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129 |
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130 <tag-name><var>$bytes_sent</var></tag-name> |
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131 <tag-desc> |
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132 число байт, переданных клиенту |
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133 </tag-desc> |
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134 |
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135 <tag-name><var>$connection</var></tag-name> |
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136 <tag-desc> |
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137 порядковый номер соединения |
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138 </tag-desc> |
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139 |
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140 <tag-name><var>$msec</var></tag-name> |
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141 <tag-desc> |
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142 время в секундах с точностью до миллисекунд на момент записи в лог |
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143 </tag-desc> |
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144 |
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145 <tag-name><var>$pipe</var></tag-name> |
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146 <tag-desc> |
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147 “<code>p</code>” если запрос был pipelined, иначе “<code>.</code>” |
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148 </tag-desc> |
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149 |
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150 <tag-name><var>$request_length</var></tag-name> |
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151 <tag-desc> |
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152 длина запроса (включая строку запроса, заголовок и тело запроса) |
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153 </tag-desc> |
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154 |
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155 <tag-name><var>$request_time</var></tag-name> |
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156 <tag-desc> |
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157 время обработки запроса в секундах с точностью до миллисекунд; |
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158 время, прошедшее с момента чтения первых байт от клиента до |
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159 момента отправки последних байт клиенту и записи в лог |
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160 </tag-desc> |
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161 |
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162 <tag-name><var>$status</var></tag-name> |
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163 <tag-desc> |
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164 статус ответа |
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165 </tag-desc> |
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166 |
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167 <tag-name><var>$time_iso8601</var></tag-name> |
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168 <tag-desc> |
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169 локальное время в формате по стандарту ISO 8601 |
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170 </tag-desc> |
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171 |
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172 <tag-name><var>$time_local</var></tag-name> |
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173 <tag-desc> |
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174 локальное время в Common Log Format |
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175 </tag-desc> |
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176 |
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177 </list> |
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178 </para> |
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179 |
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180 <para> |
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181 Строки заголовка, переданные клиенту, начинаются с префикса |
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182 “<code>sent_http_</code>”, например, |
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183 <var>$sent_http_content_range</var>. |
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184 </para> |
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185 |
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186 <para> |
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187 В конфигурации всегда существует предопределённый формат |
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188 “<code>combined</code>”: |
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189 <example> |
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190 log_format combined '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] ' |
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191 '"$request" $status $body_bytes_sent ' |
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192 '"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"'; |
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193 </example> |
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194 </para> |
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195 |
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196 </directive> |
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197 |
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198 <directive name="open_log_file_cache"> |
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199 |
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200 <syntax> |
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201 <parameter>max</parameter>=<argument>N</argument> |
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202 [<parameter>inactive</parameter>=<argument>время</argument>] |
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203 [<parameter>min_uses</parameter>=<argument>N</argument>] |
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204 [<parameter>valid</parameter>=<argument>время</argument>]</syntax> |
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205 <syntax><value>off</value></syntax> |
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206 <default>off</default> |
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207 <context>http</context> |
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208 <context>server</context> |
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209 <context>location</context> |
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210 |
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211 <para> |
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212 Задаёт кэш, в котором хранятся дескрипторы файлов часто используемых |
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213 логов, имена которых заданы с использованием переменных. |
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214 Параметры директивы: |
224
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215 <list type="tag"> |
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216 |
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217 <tag-name><parameter>max</parameter></tag-name> |
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218 <tag-desc> |
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219 задаёт максимальное число дескрипторов в кэше; |
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220 при переполнении кэша наиболее давно не используемые (LRU) |
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221 дескрипторы закрываются |
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222 </tag-desc> |
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223 |
224
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224 <tag-name><parameter>inactive</parameter></tag-name> |
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225 <tag-desc> |
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226 задаёт время, после которого закэшированный дескриптор закрывается, |
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227 если к нему не было обращений в течение этого времени; |
224
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228 по умолчанию 10 секунд |
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229 </tag-desc> |
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230 |
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231 <tag-name><parameter>min_uses</parameter></tag-name> |
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232 <tag-desc> |
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233 задаёт минимальное число использований файла в течение |
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234 времени, заданного параметром <parameter>inactive</parameter>, |
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235 после которого дескриптор файла будет оставаться открытым в кэше; |
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236 по умолчанию 1 |
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237 </tag-desc> |
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238 |
224
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239 <tag-name><parameter>valid</parameter></tag-name> |
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240 <tag-desc> |
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241 задаёт, через какое время нужно проверять, что файл ещё |
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242 существует под тем же именем; |
224
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243 по умолчанию 60 секунд |
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244 </tag-desc> |
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245 |
224
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246 <tag-name><value>off</value></tag-name> |
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247 <tag-desc> |
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248 запрещает кэш |
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249 </tag-desc> |
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250 |
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251 </list> |
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252 </para> |
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253 |
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254 <para> |
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255 Пример использования: |
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256 <example> |
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257 open_log_file_cache max=1000 inactive=20s valid=1m min_uses=2; |
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258 </example> |
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259 </para> |
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260 |
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261 </directive> |
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262 |
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263 </section> |
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264 |
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265 </module> |